ferrao/x230-arch.md

## x230-arch.md

      
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              x230-arch.md
            
          
    Arch Linux 2019.02.01-x86_64 on the Thinkpad X230

Documenting all my install steps
Useful Links


https://www.reddit.com/r/linux/comments/37uoya/easiest_way_to_move_complete_linux_install_from/
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Lenovo_ThinkPad_X230
http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Category:X230
https://bbs.archlinux.org/viewtopic.php?pid=1393759#p1393759
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/understanding-systemd-units-and-unit-files
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/windelicato/dotfiles/master/why_bspwm.gif

Live USB Boot using UEFI


Kernel boots fine from either USB port, but for some reason, the filesystem is not mounted if the left side USB port is used
Set boot mode to UEFI Only to boot in UEFI mode, double check with ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars

Install

Wireless Networking


Stop dhcp on the wired network, we will use wireless:
systemctl stop dhcpcd@enp0s25.service

Interface name autocompletes with tab
Check driver is properly loaded
lspci -k | grep wifi


Identify the wireless interface
ip link


Bring the interface up
ip link set wlp3s0 up
ip link | grep UP


Create a new wpa_supplicant configuration file ready to use with wpa_cli:
echo "ctrl_interface=/run/wpa_supplicant" > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
echo "update_config=1" >> /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf


Launch wpa_supplicant: wpa_supplicant -B -i wlp3s0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
Configure wpa_supplicant with wpa_cli:
scan
scan_results
add_network
set_network 0 ssid "MYSSID"
set_network 0 psk "passphrase"
enable_network 0
save_config


Obtain an IP address
dhcpcd wlp3s0
ping archlinux.org


System Preparation


Update the system clock
timedatectl set-ntp true
timedatectl status


Partinioning the disk
The bellow partition scheme was used on the default 128G SDD
gdisk /dev/sda
o
n default +512M EF00
n default +118G 8300
n default default 8200
c 1 EFI
c 2 ROOT
c 3 SWAP
w


Create FileSystems
mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/sda1
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2
mkswap /dev/sda3
swapon /dev/sda3


Mount FileSystems
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
mkdir /mnt/boot
mount /dev/sda1 /boot


Install Base Software
pacstrap /mnt base


Generate fstab
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab


Change root
arch-chroot /mnt


Set timezone, locales, keyboard and fonts
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Lisbon /etc/localtime
vi /etc/locale.gen (uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 and en_US ISO-8859-1)
locale-gen
echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf
loadkeys us-acentos
echo "KEYMAP=us-acentos" > /etc/vconsole.conf
setfont eurlatgr
echo "FONT=eurlatgr" >> /etc/vconsole.conf


Set the root password
passwd


Network Configuration


Set the hostname
echo x230 > /etc/hostname
echo "127.0.0.1    localhost x230 x230.localdomain" >> /etc/hosts
echo "::1    localhost x230 x230.localdomain" >> /etc/hosts


Configure /etc/systemd/network/25-wired.network
[Match]
Name=enp0s25

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4

[DHCP]
RouteMetric=10


Configure /etc/systemd/network/25-wireless.network
[Match]
Name=wlp3s0

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4

[DHCP]
RouteMetric=20


Configure wpa_supplicant
pacman -S wpa_supplicant
wpa_passphrase SSID PASSWORD > /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant-wlp3s0.conf
systemctl enable wpa_supplicant@wlp3s0
systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service


Configure systemd-resolved
Edit /etc/systemd/resolved.conf:
FallbackDNS=4.2.2.1 1.1.1.1 8.8.8.8 9.9.9.10
DNSSEC=allow-downgrade
Cache=yes
DNSStubListener=true
ReadEtcHosts=yes

Enable systemd-resolved name resolution:
systemctl enable systemd-resolved

A soft link is required for systemd-resolved  to perform name resolution, if not possible at this point perform this action latter.
ln -sf /run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf


Boot Loader


Install packages
pacman -S grub efibootmgr intel-ucode
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id=GRUB
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg


Exit chroot and reboot

System Configuration

Unprivileged User

useradd -m ferrao -G wheel
pacman -S sudo
visudo 
%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
passwd ferrao

Console Typematic Rate


Add to /etc/systemd/system/kbdrate.service:

[Unit]
Description = Keyboard repeat rate in tty.

[Service]
Type = oneshot
RemainAfterExit = yes
StandardInput = tty
StandardOutput = tty
ExecStart = /usr/bin/kbdrate -s -d 200 -r 60
 
[Install]
WantedBy = multi-user.target

Install AUR

pacman -S --needed base-devel
pacman -S vim git
su - ferrao
git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/aur.git
cd aurutils
makepkg -si
cd ..

Aur packages can be fetched with aur fetch <package> and installed with makepkg -si
Configure Power Management

sudo pacman -S acpid acpi lm_sensors
sudo systemctl enable acpid
sudo sh -c 'echo "options snd_hda_intel power_save=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/audio_powersave.conf'

TODO: laptop-mode-tools
Configure Fan Control

aur fetch thinkfan
cd thinkfan
makepkg -si
sudo sh -c 'echo "START=yes" > /etc/default/thinkfan'
sudo sh -c 'echo "options thinkpad_acpi experimental=1 fan_control=1" > /etc/modprobe.d/thinkpad-acpi.conf' 
sudo cp /usr/share/doc/thinkfan/examples/thinkfan.conf.simple /etc/thinkfan.conf

Edit /etc/thinkfan.conf:
tp_fan /proc/acpi/ibm/fan
hwmon /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone0/temp

(0,     0,      42)
(1,     40,     47)
(2,     45,     52)
(3,     50,     57)
(4,     55,     62)
(5,     60,     72)
(6,     65,     77)
(7,     70,     80)
(127,   75,     32767)

Enable fan control:
sudo systemctl enable thinkfan
systemctl status thinkfan

Requires reloading all acpi and thinkpad related modules to get thinkfan working properly, should be ok at next reboot.
Configure LCD Panel Light Controls


Edit /etc/mkinitcpio.conf and make sure we have:

MODULES=(i915)


Edit /etc/default/grub and set the following line:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash acpi_backlight=video acpi_osi=\"!Windows 2012\""


Boot Splash


Fetch and install plymouth

aur fetch plymouth plymouth-theme-dark-arch

Edit /etc/plymouth/plymouth.conf:
Theme=dark-arch
ShowDelay=1

Add plymouth to HOOKS after base udev on /etc/mkinitcpio.conf and rebuild ram image and boot loader:
sudo mkinitcpio -p linux
sudo grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
sudo reboot

Install Usefull Software

sudo pacman -S openssh dnsutils tcpdump lynx i7z neofetch htop lsof udisk2 bc mlocate

Alias

For some reason the halt command does not shutdow the machine, shutdown command is required
alias reboot="sudo reboot"
alias halt="sudo shutdown -h now" 

GUI Configuration

Xorg


Uncomment the multilib repo in /etc/pacman.conf
Install the xorg server

sudo pacman -S xorg xorg-xinit xf86-video-intel xf86-video-fbdev mesa mesa-demos lib32-mesa vulkan-intel libva-intel-driver xterm xorg-xclock xorg-twm xbindkeys ttf-liberation ttf-ubuntu-font-family ttf-fira-mono ttf-freefont adobe-source-code-pro-fonts ttf-freefont adobe-source-sans-pro-fonts ttf-linux-libertine xorg-fonts-type1 xorg-fonts-misc ttf-bitstream-vera ttf-dejavu bdf-unifont ttf-font-awesome libxcb xcb-util xcb-util-keysysm xcb-util-wm upower notification-daemon udiskie xdotool


Edit /etc/X11/xinit/xserverrc and start the server with:

exec /usr/bin/X -dpi 125.37 -nolisten tcp "$@"


Let Xorg start as root, required for xf86-video-fbdev:

sudo sh -c 'echo "needs_root_rights = yes" > /etc/X11/Xwrapper.conf'


Configure automont by adding to /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc:

udiskie &

Keyboard


Configure the X typematic rate by adding to /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc:

xset r rate 200 60


Configure the keyboard by adding /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/00-keyboard.conf:

Section "InputClass"
        Identifier "system-keyboard"
        MatchIsKeyboard "on"
        Option "XkbLayout" "us"
        Option "XkbVariant" "altgr-intl"
EndSection

Sound


Instal alsa utils

sudo pacman -S alsa-utils alsa-plugins alsa-firmware


Map X events to alsa commands on ~/.xbindkeysrc:

# ALSA
"amixer set Master toggle"
  XF86AudioMute

"amixer set Master 5%-"
  XF86AudioLowerVolume

"amixer set Master 5%+"
  XF86AudioRaiseVolume


Execute xbindkeys on /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc before any window manager

TrackPoint


Configure Trackpoint with libinput and xorg by setting /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-trackpoint.conf

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "trackpoint"
    Driver "libinput"
    MatchProduct "TPPS/2 IBM TrackPoint"
    MatchDevicePath "/dev/input/event*"

    Option "NaturalScrolling" "false"

    # adaptive or flat 
    Option "AccelProfile" "adaptive"

    # float between -1 and 1
    Option "AccelSpeed" "0.5"
EndSection

Dual Head

pacman -S arandr

BSPWM Window Manager


Fetch and install required packages

sudo pacman -S bspwm sxhkd polybar kitty rofi dunst libnotify feh compton gtk3 gtk2 qt5-base qt4 arc-gtk-theme arc-icon-theme gtk-engine-murrine ranger xdg-utils atool


Add compton -Cb to /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
Execute the bspwm binary on /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc
Copy configuration files

mkdir ~/.config
mkdir ~/.config/bspwm
mkdir ~/.config/sxhkd
cp /usr/share/doc/bspwm/examples/bspwmrc ~/.config/bspwm
cp /usr/share/doc/bspwm/examples/sxhkdrc ~/.config/sxhkd
ranger --copy-config=all