higher-ed.js

//	HYPE.documents["innovations_interactive"]

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innovation",a:315,bS:"36",Z:"break-word",y:"preserve",j:"absolute",r:"inline",z:"43",k:"div",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",aT:8,yy:"nowrap",x:"visible",t:12,b:172,aU:8,G:"#666666",aS:8},"49":{aU:8,G:"#4E5050",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:24,Z:"break-word",w:"Computer",j:"absolute",yy:"nowrap",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"40",aS:8,aT:8,a:647,F:"center",b:241},"268":{h:"267",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:484,q:"100% 100%",b:216,j:"absolute",r:"inline",aA:{a:[{d:0.59999999999999998,p:1,g:2,e:"324"}]},k:"div",c:150,d:550,z:"9",aP:"pointer"},"24":{c:930,bS:"36",d:580,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#FFFFFF",L:"None",M:0,N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"visible",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",P:0,k:"div",O:0,z:"2",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:19,b:201},"56":{aU:8,G:"#4E5050",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:24,Z:"break-word",w:"Internet",j:"absolute",yy:"nowrap",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"36",aS:8,aT:8,a:809,F:"center",b:241},"266":{h:"265",p:"no-repeat",a:334,bS:"36",q:"100% 100%",x:"visible",j:"absolute",r:"inline",aA:{a:[{d:0.59999999999999998,p:1,g:2,e:"314"}]},k:"div",c:150,d:550,z:"8",b:216,aP:"pointer"},"272":{h:"271",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:784,q:"100% 100%",b:216,j:"absolute",r:"inline",aA:{a:[{d:0.60000002384185791,p:1,g:2,e:"346"}]},k:"div",c:150,d:550,z:"11",aP:"pointer"}},n:"innovations",T:{"62":{i:"62",n:"MRI",z:0,a:[],f:30},kTimelineDefaultIdentifier:{i:"kTimelineDefaultIdentifier",n:"Main Timeline",z:0,a:[],f:30}},o:"1"},{x:1,p:"600px",c:"#FFFFFF",v:{"291":{aU:8,G:"#666666",c:420,bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",d:513,s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:14,Z:"break-word",w:"<b><font size=\"3\">MRI machine<br>\nSUNY (Brooklyn, N.Y.) 1972<br>\nRaymond Damadian</font></b>\n\n<p><b>Use Today</b><br>\nMRI scanners are widely used to detect injuries, diseases and other health issues.</p>\n\n<p><b>Development</b><br>\nDamadian published a 1971 paper claiming doctors could diagnose&nbsp;cancer by using nuclear magnetic reso- nance (NMR). Because tumors&nbsp;contain more water than healthy tissue, they can be identified in NMR&nbsp;images.</p>\n\n<p><b>Impact<br></b>\nMRIs are useful in identifying tumors and other maladies. They also show&nbsp;soft tissues, such as the brain and other organs, much better than X-rays.</p>\n\n<p><b>Fun Fact</b><br>\nIn 1937, Columbia University professor Isidor I. Rabi discovered NMR,&nbsp;which led to the invention of the MRI machine and helped earn him a&nbsp;Nobel Prize.</p>",j:"absolute",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"6",aS:8,aT:8,a:494,b:203},"294":{aU:8,G:"#00ADEF",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:24,Z:"break-word",aP:"pointer",w:"See More",j:"absolute",aA:{a:[{d:0.60000002384185791,p:1,g:2,e:"1"}]},yy:"nowrap",k:"div",y:"preserve",x:"visible",z:"8",aS:8,aT:8,a:492,b:727},"280":{h:"20",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:289,q:"100% 100%",bS:"36",j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:390,k:"div",z:"4",d:165,b:0},"293":{h:"292",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:34,q:"100% 100%",b:216,j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:440,k:"div",z:"7",d:550},"286":{aU:8,G:"#666666",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:18,Z:"break-word",w:"\ufffcA Selection of Innovations<br>Supported through University Research<br>That Have Improved Our Lives",j:"absolute",yy:"nowrap",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"5",aS:8,aT:8,a:316,F:"center",b:37},"279":{c:984,bS:"36",d:838,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#EFFBFF",L:"None",M:0,w:"",N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"hidden",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",k:"div",O:0,P:0,z:"1",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:-8,b:-9},"288":{c:930,bS:"36",d:580,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#FFFFFF",L:"None",M:0,N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"visible",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",P:0,k:"div",O:0,z:"2",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:19,b:201}},n:"MRI scene",T:{"62":{i:"62",n:"MRI",z:0,a:[],f:30},kTimelineDefaultIdentifier:{i:"kTimelineDefaultIdentifier",n:"Main Timeline",z:0,a:[],f:30}},o:"290"},{x:2,p:"600px",c:"#FFFFFF",v:{"304":{h:"303",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:34,q:"100% 100%",b:216,j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:440,k:"div",z:"9",d:550},"300":{aU:8,G:"#00ADEF",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:24,Z:"break-word",aP:"pointer",w:"See More",j:"absolute",aA:{a:[{d:0.60000002384185791,p:1,g:2,e:"1"}]},yy:"nowrap",k:"div",y:"preserve",x:"visible",z:"8",aS:8,aT:8,a:492,b:727},"306":{aV:8,w:"<font size=\"3\"><b>Richter Scale<br>\nCalifornia Institute of Technology (Pasadena, Calif.) 1935<br>\nCharles Francis Richter, Beno Gutenberg</b></font>\n\n<p><b>Use Today<br></b>\nThe Richter scale was the pre- cursor to current systems used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes.</p>\n\n<p><b>Development</b><br>\nInspired by the apparent magnitude system, which measures the brightness of stars, Richter designed the scale and originally intended it to only be used in a particular study in California. Gutenberg later modified the scale to measure earthquakes at great distances, thus creating the moment magnitude scale used today.</p>\n\n<p><b>Impact</b><br>\nWhile the original Richter scale has been updated several times since its inception, it has changed the way earthquakes are measured worldwide.</p>\n\n<p><b>Fun Fact</b><br>\nWhile most people today still refer to earthquake magnitude measurements as being on the Richter scale, earthquakes are now technically measured on the moment magnitude scale.</p>\n\n",a:493,x:"visible",Z:"break-word",y:"preserve",j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:431,k:"div",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",d:523,z:"10",aT:8,t:14,b:203,aU:8,G:"#666666",aS:8},"296":{c:984,bS:"36",d:838,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#EFFBFF",L:"None",M:0,w:"",N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"hidden",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",k:"div",O:0,P:0,z:"1",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:-8,b:-9},"299":{c:930,bS:"36",d:580,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#FFFFFF",L:"None",M:0,N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"visible",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",P:0,k:"div",O:0,z:"2",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:19,b:201},"298":{h:"20",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:289,q:"100% 100%",bS:"36",j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:390,k:"div",z:"4",d:165,b:0},"301":{aU:8,G:"#666666",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:18,Z:"break-word",w:"\ufffcA Selection of Innovations<br>Supported through University Research<br>That Have Improved Our Lives",j:"absolute",yy:"nowrap",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"5",aS:8,aT:8,a:316,F:"center",b:37}},n:"richter scene",T:{"62":{i:"62",n:"MRI",z:0,a:[],f:30},kTimelineDefaultIdentifier:{i:"kTimelineDefaultIdentifier",n:"Main Timeline",z:0,a:[],f:30}},o:"302"},{x:3,p:"600px",c:"#FFFFFF",v:{"310":{c:984,bS:"36",d:838,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#EFFBFF",L:"None",M:0,w:"",N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"hidden",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",k:"div",O:0,P:0,z:"1",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:-8,b:-9},"313":{aU:8,G:"#666666",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:18,Z:"break-word",w:"\ufffcA Selection of Innovations<br>Supported through University Research<br>That Have Improved Our Lives",j:"absolute",yy:"nowrap",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"5",aS:8,aT:8,a:316,F:"center",b:37},"316":{aV:8,w:"<font size=\"3\"><b>Richter Scale<br>\nCalifornia Institute of Technology (Pasadena, Calif.) 1935<br>\nCharles Francis Richter, Beno Gutenberg</b></font>\n\n<p><b>Use Today<br></b>\nThe Richter scale was the pre- cursor to current systems used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes.</p>\n\n<p><b>Development</b><br>\nInspired by the apparent magnitude system, which measures the brightness of stars, Richter designed the scale and originally intended it to only be used in a particular study in California. Gutenberg later modified the scale to measure earthquakes at great distances, thus creating the moment magnitude scale used today.</p>\n\n<p><b>Impact</b><br>\nWhile the original Richter scale has been updated several times since its inception, it has changed the way earthquakes are measured worldwide.</p>\n\n<p><b>Fun Fact</b><br>\nWhile most people today still refer to earthquake magnitude measurements as being on the Richter scale, earthquakes are now technically measured on the moment magnitude scale.</p>\n\n",a:493,x:"visible",Z:"break-word",y:"preserve",j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:431,k:"div",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",d:512,z:"12",aT:8,t:14,b:204,aU:8,G:"#666666",aS:8},"312":{h:"20",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:289,q:"100% 100%",bS:"36",j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:390,k:"div",z:"4",d:165,b:0},"315":{h:"259",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:34,q:"100% 100%",b:215,j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:440,k:"div",z:"11",d:550},"308":{aU:8,G:"#00ADEF",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:24,Z:"break-word",aP:"pointer",w:"See More",j:"absolute",aA:{a:[{d:0.60000002384185791,p:1,g:2,e:"1"}]},yy:"nowrap",k:"div",y:"preserve",x:"visible",z:"8",aS:8,aT:8,a:492,b:727},"311":{c:930,bS:"36",d:580,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#FFFFFF",L:"None",M:0,N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"visible",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",P:0,k:"div",O:0,z:"2",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:19,b:201}},n:"polio vaccine scene Copy",T:{"62":{i:"62",n:"MRI",z:0,a:[],f:30},kTimelineDefaultIdentifier:{i:"kTimelineDefaultIdentifier",n:"Main Timeline",z:0,a:[],f:30}},o:"314"},{x:4,p:"600px",c:"#FFFFFF",v:{"317":{c:984,bS:"36",d:838,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#EFFBFF",L:"None",M:0,w:"",N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"hidden",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",k:"div",O:0,P:0,z:"1",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:-8,b:-9},"320":{h:"20",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:289,q:"100% 100%",bS:"36",j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:390,k:"div",z:"4",d:165,b:0},"323":{c:930,bS:"36",d:580,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#FFFFFF",L:"None",M:0,N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"visible",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",P:0,k:"div",O:0,z:"2",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:19,b:201},"326":{h:"325",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:34,q:"100% 100%",b:215,j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:440,k:"div",z:"13",d:550},"322":{aU:8,G:"#00ADEF",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:24,Z:"break-word",aP:"pointer",w:"See More",j:"absolute",aA:{a:[{d:0.59999999999999998,p:1,g:2,e:"1"}]},yy:"nowrap",k:"div",y:"preserve",x:"visible",z:"8",aS:8,aT:8,a:492,b:727},"318":{aU:8,G:"#666666",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:18,Z:"break-word",w:"\ufffcA Selection of Innovations<br>Supported through University Research<br>That Have Improved Our Lives",j:"absolute",yy:"nowrap",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"5",aS:8,aT:8,a:316,F:"center",b:37},"327":{aU:8,G:"#666666",c:420,bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",d:511,s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:14,Z:"break-word",w:"<b><font size=\"3\">GPS (Global Positioning System)<br>\nJohns Hopkins University (Baltimore, Md.) 1959<br>\nWilliam Guier, George Weiffenbach</font></b><br>\n\n<p><b>Use Today<br></b>\nGPS is most commonly used in cars as a navigation tool, but it is also used by hikers, sailors, and the military.</p>\n\n<p><b>Development</b><br>\nFollowing the launch of Sputnik, physicists Guier and Weiffenbach discovered they could identify and track the satellite\u2019s exact location. They then developed a way to pinpoint a specific location on Earth via a satellite. This project, later called Transit, was used by the U.S. Navy to track submarines and was the precursor to current-day GPS.</p>\n\n<p><b>Impact</b><br>\nGPS is common in most cars and cell phones. The military uses GPS for search and rescue, reconnaissance, tracking, and missile guidance.</p>\n\n<p><b>Fun Fact<br></b>\nAs of May 2013, 64 GPS satellites have been launched. The oldest GPS satellite still in operation was launched in November 1990.</p>\n\n",j:"absolute",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"14",aS:8,aT:8,a:493,b:205}},n:"GPS scene",T:{"62":{i:"62",n:"MRI",z:0,a:[],f:30},kTimelineDefaultIdentifier:{i:"kTimelineDefaultIdentifier",n:"Main Timeline",z:0,a:[],f:30}},o:"324"},{x:5,p:"600px",c:"#FFFFFF",v:{"330":{c:930,bS:"36",d:580,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#FFFFFF",L:"None",M:0,N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"visible",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",P:0,k:"div",O:0,z:"2",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:19,b:201},"333":{aU:8,G:"#666666",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:18,Z:"break-word",w:"\ufffcA Selection of Innovations<br>Supported through University Research<br>That Have Improved Our Lives",j:"absolute",yy:"nowrap",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"5",aS:8,aT:8,a:316,F:"center",b:37},"329":{h:"20",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:289,q:"100% 100%",bS:"36",j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:390,k:"div",z:"4",d:165,b:0},"332":{aU:8,G:"#00ADEF",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:24,Z:"break-word",aP:"pointer",w:"See More",j:"absolute",aA:{a:[{d:0.59999999999999998,p:1,g:2,e:"1"}]},yy:"nowrap",k:"div",y:"preserve",x:"visible",z:"8",aS:8,aT:8,a:492,b:727},"338":{aU:8,G:"#666666",c:420,bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",d:517,s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:14,Z:"break-word",w:"<font size=\"3\"><b>General Use Computer<br>\nUniversity of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, Penn.) 1946<br>\nJohn Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert</b></font><br>\n\n<p><b>Use Today</b><br>\nComputers are used in nearly every facet of our lives and have revolutionized communication, technology, and medicine.</p>\n\n<p><b>Development</b><br>\nThe development of the first computer, called ENIAC, was originally designed to calculate artillery firing tables for the U.S. Army\u2019s Ballistic Research Laboratory. The machine was called the \u201cGiant Brain\u201d in the press and could be reprogrammed to solve a host of computing problems.</p>\n\n<p><b>Impact</b><br>\nThe creation of ENIAC led to continued development in computer science and engineering. More than 95 million computers were sold in the U.S. in 2011, leading to $85.5 billion in revenue.</p>\n\n<p><b>Fun Fact<br></b>\nDesigning and building ENIAC cost $500,000 in 1946, which would be about $5.9 million today.</p>\n\n",j:"absolute",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"16",aS:8,aT:8,a:493,b:204},"328":{c:984,bS:"36",d:838,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#EFFBFF",L:"None",M:0,w:"",N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"hidden",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",k:"div",O:0,P:0,z:"1",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:-8,b:-9},"337":{h:"336",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:34,q:"100% 100%",b:215,j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:440,k:"div",z:"15",d:550}},n:"computer scene",T:{"62":{i:"62",n:"MRI",z:0,a:[],f:30},kTimelineDefaultIdentifier:{i:"kTimelineDefaultIdentifier",n:"Main Timeline",z:0,a:[],f:30}},o:"335"},{x:6,p:"600px",c:"#FFFFFF",v:{"339":{c:930,bS:"36",d:580,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#FFFFFF",L:"None",M:0,N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"visible",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",P:0,k:"div",O:0,z:"2",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:19,b:201},"342":{aU:8,G:"#00ADEF",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:24,Z:"break-word",aP:"pointer",w:"See More",j:"absolute",aA:{a:[{d:0.60000002384185791,p:1,g:2,e:"1"}]},yy:"nowrap",k:"div",y:"preserve",x:"visible",z:"8",aS:8,aT:8,a:492,b:727},"348":{aV:8,w:"<b><font size=\"3\">Internet<br>\nMIT (Cambridge, Mass.) 1965 <br>\nLawrence G. Roberts<br>\n\n</font></b><p><b>Use Today</b><br>\nThe Internet connects computers and users worldwide and has changed the way we communicate and how information is spread.</p>\n\n<p><b>Development<br></b>\nBuilding off of a fellow MIT colleague\u2019s research on packet switching theory, Roberts established the first computer connection between computers in Massachusetts and California with a dial-up telephone line. The Department of Defense then funded the development of ARPANET, a network of computers at research universities and laboratories across the nation, which was an early iteration of the modern Internet.</p>\n\n<p><b>Impact<br></b>\nOver 30 percent of the world\u2019s population uses the Internet.<br>\nNearly 72 percent of U.S. households have Internet access.</p>\n\n<p><b>Fun Fact</b><br>\nThe first four locations in the ARPANET network were UCLA, Stanford University, UC Santa Barbara, and the University of Utah.</p>\n\n",a:493,x:"visible",Z:"break-word",y:"preserve",j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:434,k:"div",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",d:513,z:"9",aT:8,t:14,b:203,aU:8,G:"#666666",aS:8},"341":{h:"20",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:289,q:"100% 100%",bS:"36",j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:390,k:"div",z:"4",d:165,b:0},"344":{c:984,bS:"36",d:838,I:"None",J:"None",K:"None",g:"#EFFBFF",L:"None",M:0,w:"",N:0,A:"#A0A0A0",x:"hidden",j:"absolute",B:"#A0A0A0",k:"div",O:0,P:0,z:"1",C:"#A0A0A0",D:"#A0A0A0",a:-8,b:-9},"350":{h:"349",p:"no-repeat",x:"visible",a:34,q:"100% 100%",b:215,j:"absolute",r:"inline",c:440,k:"div",z:"10",d:550},"340":{aU:8,G:"#666666",bS:"36",aV:8,r:"inline",s:"Futura,Verdana,sans-serif",t:18,Z:"break-word",w:"\ufffcA Selection of Innovations<br>Supported through University Research<br>That Have Improved Our Lives",j:"absolute",yy:"nowrap",x:"visible",k:"div",y:"preserve",z:"5",aS:8,aT:8,a:316,F:"center",b:37}},n:"internet scene",T:{"62":{i:"62",n:"MRI",z:0,a:[],f:30},kTimelineDefaultIdentifier:{i:"kTimelineDefaultIdentifier",n:"Main Timeline",z:0,a:[],f:30}},o:"346"}]);a.z_q(970,820);a.z_e(l);a.z_p=g;a.z_f(0);a.z_g(d);a.z_h(h);
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