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Created April 10, 2016 08:44
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Nagios and pnp4nagios setup
1. Nagios安装 - 服务端(192.168.0.11)
Centos6默认的yum源里没有nagios相关的rpm包,但是我们可以安装一个epel的扩展源:
yum install -y epel-release
然后安装nagios相关的包
yum install -y httpd nagios nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe
设置登录nagios后台的用户和密码:htpasswd -c /etc/nagios/passwd nagiosadmin
vim /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg 检测配置文件
启动服务:service httpd start; service nagios start
浏览器访问: http://ip/nagios
2. Nagios安装 - 客户端(192.168.0.12)
在客户端机器上
yum install -y epel-release
yum install -y nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe
vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg 找到“allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1” 改为 “allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.0.11” 后面的ip为服务端ip; 找到” dont_blame_nrpe=0” 改为 “dont_blame_nrpe=1”
启动客户端 /etc/init.d/nrpe start
3. 监控中心(192.168.0.11)添加被监控主机(192.168.0.12)
cd /etc/nagios/conf.d/
vim 192.168.0.12.cfg //加入:
define host{
use linux-server
host_name 192.168.0.12
alias 0.12
address 192.168.0.12
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.0.12
service_description check_ping
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!200.0,50%
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.0.12
service_description check_ssh
check_command check_ssh
max_check_attempts 5 ;当nagios检测到问题时,一共尝试检测5次都有问题才会告警,如果该数值为1,那么检测到问题立即告警
normal_check_interval 1 ;重新检测的时间间隔,单位是分钟,默认是3分钟
notification_interval 60 ;在服务出现异常后,故障一直没有解决,nagios再次对使用者发出通知的时间。单位是分钟。如果你认为,所有的事件只需要一次通知就够了,可以把这里的选项设为0。
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.0.12
service_description check_http
check_command check_http
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
以上服务不依赖于客户端nrpe服务,我们可以想象,我们在自己电脑上可以使用ping或者telnet探测远程任何一台机器是否存活、是否开启某个端口或服务。 而当我们想要检测客户端上的某个具体服务的情况时,就需要借助于nrpe了,比如想知道客户端机器的负责或磁盘使用情况。
4. 继续添加服务
服务端vim /etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg
增加:define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
}
继续编辑 vim /etc/nagios/conf.d/192.168.0.12.cfg
增加如下内容:define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.0.12
service_description check_load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.0.12
service_description check_disk_hda1
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.0.12
service_description check_disk_hda2
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda2
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
说明: check_nrpe!check_load :这里的check_nrpe就是在commands.cfg刚刚定义的,check_load是远程主机上的一个检测脚本
在远程主机上vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg 搜索check_load,这行就是在服务端上要执行的脚本了,我们可以手动执行这个脚本
把check_hda1更改一下:/dev/hda1 改为 /dev/sda1
再加一行command[check_hda2]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2
客户端上重启一下nrpe服务: service nrpe restart
服务端也重启一下nagios服务: service nagios restart
5. 配置告警
vim /etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg //增加:define contact{
contact_name 123
use generic-contact
alias aming
email lishiming2009@139.com
}
define contact{
contact_name 456
use generic-contact
alias aaa
email aminglinux@139.com
}
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name common
alias common
members 123,456
}
然后在要需要告警的服务里面加上contactgroup
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.0.12
service_description check_load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
contact_groups common
notifications_enabled 1 ;是否开启提醒功能。1为开启,0为禁用。一般,这个选项会在主配置文件(nagios.cfg)中定义,效果相同。
notification_period 24x7 ;发送提醒的时间段。非常重要的主机(服务)我定义为7×24,一般的主机(服务)就定义为上班时间。如果不在定义的时间段内,无论什么问题发生,都不会发送提醒。
notification_options:w,u,c,r ;这个是service的状态。w为waning, u为unknown, c为critical, r为recover(恢复了),类似的还有一个 host对应的状态:d,u,r d = 状态为DOWN, u = 状态为UNREACHABLE , r = 状态恢复为OK,需要加入到host的定义配置里。
}
参考:
调用短信接口 http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/thread-7380-1-1.html
整合微信 http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/thread-7917-1-1.html
6. 配置图形显示 pnp4nagios (请自行演示,课上不演示)
(1)安装
yum install pnp4nagios rrdtool
(2)配置主配置文件
vim /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg //修改如下配置
process_performance_data=1
host_perfdata_command=process-host-perfdata
service_perfdata_command=process-service-perfdata
enable_environment_macros=1
复制代码
(3)修改commands.cfg
vim /etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg //注释掉原有对process-host-perfdata和process-service-perfdata,重新定义
define command {
command_name process-service-perfdata
command_line /usr/bin/perl /usr/libexec/pnp4nagios/process_perfdata.pl
}
define command {
command_name process-host-perfdata
command_line /usr/bin/perl /usr/libexec/pnp4nagios/process_perfdata.pl -d HOSTPERFDATA
}
复制代码
(4)修改配置文件templates.cfg
vim /etc/nagios/objects/templates.cfg define host {
name hosts-pnp
register 0
action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=_HOST_
process_perf_data 1
}
define service {
name srv-pnp
register 0
action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=$SERVICEDESC$
process_perf_data 1
}
(5)修改host和service配置
vim /etc/nagios/conf.d/192.168.0.12.cfg
把 “define host{
use linux-server”
改为:
define host{
use linux-server,hosts-pnp
修改对应的service,比如
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.0.12
service_description check_disk_hda1
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
改为:
define service{
use generic-service,srv-pnp
host_name 192.168.0.12
service_description check_disk_hda1
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
(6) 重启和启动各个服务:
service nagios restart
service httpd restart
service npcd start
(7) 访问测试
两种访问方法:
ip/nagios/
ip/pnp4nagios/
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