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April 10, 2016 08:44
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Nagios and pnp4nagios setup
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1. Nagios安装 - 服务端(192.168.0.11) | |
Centos6默认的yum源里没有nagios相关的rpm包,但是我们可以安装一个epel的扩展源: | |
yum install -y epel-release | |
然后安装nagios相关的包 | |
yum install -y httpd nagios nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe | |
设置登录nagios后台的用户和密码:htpasswd -c /etc/nagios/passwd nagiosadmin | |
vim /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg | |
nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg 检测配置文件 | |
启动服务:service httpd start; service nagios start | |
浏览器访问: http://ip/nagios | |
2. Nagios安装 - 客户端(192.168.0.12) | |
在客户端机器上 | |
yum install -y epel-release | |
yum install -y nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe | |
vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg 找到“allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1” 改为 “allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.0.11” 后面的ip为服务端ip; 找到” dont_blame_nrpe=0” 改为 “dont_blame_nrpe=1” | |
启动客户端 /etc/init.d/nrpe start | |
3. 监控中心(192.168.0.11)添加被监控主机(192.168.0.12) | |
cd /etc/nagios/conf.d/ | |
vim 192.168.0.12.cfg //加入: | |
define host{ | |
use linux-server | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
alias 0.12 | |
address 192.168.0.12 | |
} | |
define service{ | |
use generic-service | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
service_description check_ping | |
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!200.0,50% | |
max_check_attempts 5 | |
normal_check_interval 1 | |
} | |
define service{ | |
use generic-service | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
service_description check_ssh | |
check_command check_ssh | |
max_check_attempts 5 ;当nagios检测到问题时,一共尝试检测5次都有问题才会告警,如果该数值为1,那么检测到问题立即告警 | |
normal_check_interval 1 ;重新检测的时间间隔,单位是分钟,默认是3分钟 | |
notification_interval 60 ;在服务出现异常后,故障一直没有解决,nagios再次对使用者发出通知的时间。单位是分钟。如果你认为,所有的事件只需要一次通知就够了,可以把这里的选项设为0。 | |
} | |
define service{ | |
use generic-service | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
service_description check_http | |
check_command check_http | |
max_check_attempts 5 | |
normal_check_interval 1 | |
} | |
以上服务不依赖于客户端nrpe服务,我们可以想象,我们在自己电脑上可以使用ping或者telnet探测远程任何一台机器是否存活、是否开启某个端口或服务。 而当我们想要检测客户端上的某个具体服务的情况时,就需要借助于nrpe了,比如想知道客户端机器的负责或磁盘使用情况。 | |
4. 继续添加服务 | |
服务端vim /etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg | |
增加:define command{ | |
command_name check_nrpe | |
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$ | |
} | |
继续编辑 vim /etc/nagios/conf.d/192.168.0.12.cfg | |
增加如下内容:define service{ | |
use generic-service | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
service_description check_load | |
check_command check_nrpe!check_load | |
max_check_attempts 5 | |
normal_check_interval 1 | |
} | |
define service{ | |
use generic-service | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
service_description check_disk_hda1 | |
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1 | |
max_check_attempts 5 | |
normal_check_interval 1 | |
} | |
define service{ | |
use generic-service | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
service_description check_disk_hda2 | |
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda2 | |
max_check_attempts 5 | |
normal_check_interval 1 | |
} | |
说明: check_nrpe!check_load :这里的check_nrpe就是在commands.cfg刚刚定义的,check_load是远程主机上的一个检测脚本 | |
在远程主机上vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg 搜索check_load,这行就是在服务端上要执行的脚本了,我们可以手动执行这个脚本 | |
把check_hda1更改一下:/dev/hda1 改为 /dev/sda1 | |
再加一行command[check_hda2]=/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2 | |
客户端上重启一下nrpe服务: service nrpe restart | |
服务端也重启一下nagios服务: service nagios restart | |
5. 配置告警 | |
vim /etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg //增加:define contact{ | |
contact_name 123 | |
use generic-contact | |
alias aming | |
email lishiming2009@139.com | |
} | |
define contact{ | |
contact_name 456 | |
use generic-contact | |
alias aaa | |
email aminglinux@139.com | |
} | |
define contactgroup{ | |
contactgroup_name common | |
alias common | |
members 123,456 | |
} | |
然后在要需要告警的服务里面加上contactgroup | |
define service{ | |
use generic-service | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
service_description check_load | |
check_command check_nrpe!check_load | |
max_check_attempts 5 | |
normal_check_interval 1 | |
contact_groups common | |
notifications_enabled 1 ;是否开启提醒功能。1为开启,0为禁用。一般,这个选项会在主配置文件(nagios.cfg)中定义,效果相同。 | |
notification_period 24x7 ;发送提醒的时间段。非常重要的主机(服务)我定义为7×24,一般的主机(服务)就定义为上班时间。如果不在定义的时间段内,无论什么问题发生,都不会发送提醒。 | |
notification_options:w,u,c,r ;这个是service的状态。w为waning, u为unknown, c为critical, r为recover(恢复了),类似的还有一个 host对应的状态:d,u,r d = 状态为DOWN, u = 状态为UNREACHABLE , r = 状态恢复为OK,需要加入到host的定义配置里。 | |
} | |
参考: | |
调用短信接口 http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/thread-7380-1-1.html | |
整合微信 http://www.aminglinux.com/bbs/thread-7917-1-1.html | |
6. 配置图形显示 pnp4nagios (请自行演示,课上不演示) | |
(1)安装 | |
yum install pnp4nagios rrdtool | |
(2)配置主配置文件 | |
vim /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg //修改如下配置 | |
process_performance_data=1 | |
host_perfdata_command=process-host-perfdata | |
service_perfdata_command=process-service-perfdata | |
enable_environment_macros=1 | |
复制代码 | |
(3)修改commands.cfg | |
vim /etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg //注释掉原有对process-host-perfdata和process-service-perfdata,重新定义 | |
define command { | |
command_name process-service-perfdata | |
command_line /usr/bin/perl /usr/libexec/pnp4nagios/process_perfdata.pl | |
} | |
define command { | |
command_name process-host-perfdata | |
command_line /usr/bin/perl /usr/libexec/pnp4nagios/process_perfdata.pl -d HOSTPERFDATA | |
} | |
复制代码 | |
(4)修改配置文件templates.cfg | |
vim /etc/nagios/objects/templates.cfg define host { | |
name hosts-pnp | |
register 0 | |
action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=_HOST_ | |
process_perf_data 1 | |
} | |
define service { | |
name srv-pnp | |
register 0 | |
action_url /pnp4nagios/index.php/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=$SERVICEDESC$ | |
process_perf_data 1 | |
} | |
(5)修改host和service配置 | |
vim /etc/nagios/conf.d/192.168.0.12.cfg | |
把 “define host{ | |
use linux-server” | |
改为: | |
define host{ | |
use linux-server,hosts-pnp | |
修改对应的service,比如 | |
把 | |
define service{ | |
use generic-service | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
service_description check_disk_hda1 | |
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1 | |
max_check_attempts 5 | |
normal_check_interval 1 | |
} | |
改为: | |
define service{ | |
use generic-service,srv-pnp | |
host_name 192.168.0.12 | |
service_description check_disk_hda1 | |
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1 | |
max_check_attempts 5 | |
normal_check_interval 1 | |
} | |
(6) 重启和启动各个服务: | |
service nagios restart | |
service httpd restart | |
service npcd start | |
(7) 访问测试 | |
两种访问方法: | |
ip/nagios/ | |
ip/pnp4nagios/ | |
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