Protractor clean code and practical tips from the official documentation

protractorTips.md

async/await

• Don’t forget to turn off control_flow, you cannot use a mix of async/await and the control flow: async/await causes the control flow to become unreliable. So if you async/await anywhere in a spec, you should set the SELENIUM_PROMISE_MANAGER: false
• Note: To write and run native async/await test, the node.js version should be greater than or equal to 8.0, and Jasmine version should be greater than or equal to 2.7

NEVER use xpath

• It's the slowest and most brittle locator strategy of all
• Markup is very easily subject to change and therefore xpath locators require a lot of maintenance
• xpath expressions are unreadable and very hard to debug

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Prefer by.model, by.binding, by.id, by.css

• They are very performant and readable locators
• Access elements easier

/* recommended */

let nameElement = element(by.binding('color.name'));
let personName = element(by.model('person.name'));
let elementById = element(by.id('myId'));
let elementByCss = element(by.css('.myclass'));

/* by.css() === $() */
let navButton = element($('#myNavButton'));

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Use Page Objects to interact with page under test

• Encapsulate information about the elements on the page under test
• They can be reused across multiple tests
• Decouple the test logic from implementation details

// TODO

Source