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PHP Substring without breaking words and HTML tags
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<?php | |
/** | |
* Truncates text. | |
* | |
* Cuts a string to the length of $length and replaces the last characters | |
* with the ending if the text is longer than length. | |
* | |
* @param string $text String to truncate. | |
* @param integer $length Length of returned string, including ellipsis. | |
* @param string $ending Ending to be appended to the trimmed string. | |
* @param boolean $exact If false, $text will not be cut mid-word | |
* @param boolean $considerHtml If true, HTML tags would be handled correctly | |
* @return string Trimmed string. | |
*/ | |
function truncate($text, $length = 100, $ending = '...', $exact = true, $considerHtml = false) { | |
if ($considerHtml) { | |
// if the plain text is shorter than the maximum length, return the whole text | |
if (strlen(preg_replace('/<.*?>/', '', $text)) <= $length) { | |
return $text; | |
} | |
// splits all html-tags to scanable lines | |
preg_match_all('/(<.+?>)?([^<>]*)/s', $text, $lines, PREG_SET_ORDER); | |
$total_length = strlen($ending); | |
$open_tags = array(); | |
$truncate = ''; | |
foreach ($lines as $line_matchings) { | |
// if there is any html-tag in this line, handle it and add it (uncounted) to the output | |
if (!empty($line_matchings[1])) { | |
// if it’s an “empty element” with or without xhtml-conform closing slash (f.e.) | |
if (preg_match('/^<(\s*.+?\/\s*|\s*(img|br|input|hr|area|base|basefont|col|frame|isindex|link|meta|param)(\s.+?)?)>$/is', $line_matchings[1])) { | |
// do nothing | |
// if tag is a closing tag (f.e.) | |
} else if (preg_match('/^<\s*\/([^\s]+?)\s*>$/s', $line_matchings[1], $tag_matchings)) { | |
// delete tag from $open_tags list | |
$pos = array_search($tag_matchings[1], $open_tags); | |
if ($pos !== false) { | |
unset($open_tags[$pos]); | |
} | |
// if tag is an opening tag (f.e. ) | |
} else if (preg_match('/^<\s*([^\s>!]+).*?>$/s', $line_matchings[1], $tag_matchings)) { | |
// add tag to the beginning of $open_tags list | |
array_unshift($open_tags, strtolower($tag_matchings[1])); | |
} | |
// add html-tag to $truncate’d text | |
$truncate .= $line_matchings[1]; | |
} | |
// calculate the length of the plain text part of the line; handle entities as one character | |
$content_length = strlen(preg_replace('/&[0-9a-z]{2,8};|&#[0-9]{1,7};|&#x[0-9a-f]{1,6};/i', ' ', $line_matchings[2])); | |
if ($total_length+$content_length > $length) { | |
// the number of characters which are left | |
$left = $length - $total_length; | |
$entities_length = 0; | |
// search for html entities | |
if (preg_match_all('/&[0-9a-z]{2,8};|&#[0-9]{1,7};|&#x[0-9a-f]{1,6};/i', $line_matchings[2], $entities, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)) { | |
// calculate the real length of all entities in the legal range | |
foreach ($entities[0] as $entity) { | |
if ($entity[1]+1-$entities_length <= $left) { | |
$left--; | |
$entities_length += strlen($entity[0]); | |
} else { | |
// no more characters left | |
break; | |
} | |
} | |
} | |
$truncate .= substr($line_matchings[2], 0, $left+$entities_length); | |
// maximum lenght is reached, so get off the loop | |
break; | |
} else { | |
$truncate .= $line_matchings[2]; | |
$total_length += $content_length; | |
} | |
// if the maximum length is reached, get off the loop | |
if($total_length >= $length) { | |
break; | |
} | |
} | |
} else { | |
if (strlen($text) <= $length) { | |
return $text; | |
} else { | |
$truncate = substr($text, 0, $length - strlen($ending)); | |
} | |
} | |
// if the words shouldn't be cut in the middle... | |
if (!$exact) { | |
// ...search the last occurance of a space... | |
$spacepos = strrpos($truncate, ' '); | |
if (isset($spacepos)) { | |
// ...and cut the text in this position | |
$truncate = substr($truncate, 0, $spacepos); | |
} | |
} | |
// add the defined ending to the text | |
$truncate .= $ending; | |
if($considerHtml) { | |
// close all unclosed html-tags | |
foreach ($open_tags as $tag) { | |
$truncate .= ''; | |
} | |
} | |
return $truncate; | |
} |
I tried with your code and it works but i found a problem that the html entitity ­
or ­
will be calculated as one charachter. By using soft hyphens the final text will be "shorter" based on use of free space per line. If i will get a text with 120 characters i had to define more than 170 (based on the number of hyphens in the text) - the next text with lesse hyphens will be more longer.
SO my question is how to do this with your code? Would it be possible to add a black list with entities which shouldnt be counted?
Regards André
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This version would be absolutely great if it would be possible to use it with HTML entities (like or or other entities) - I'am struggeling about this since a lot of days and didn't get it work with my own code - Perhaps there's someone with an idea.