GeoCoding with OSM, Bing and Google through the PowerShell - no addon needed

geocode.ps1

# https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn894107.aspx

<#
.Synopsis
   This function uses the Google Maps API to Geocode an address.
.DESCRIPTION
   This function uses the Google Maps API to Geocode an address by sending a web request to the API and then processes the resulting XML file for the longitude & latitude.  The Google API has a threshold and when violated, you get an OVER_QUERY_LIMIT error based on the number of calls made per second and per day.  If the function encounters this error it will pause for 2 seconds and throw a warning.  If two subsequent calls fail, then the daily max call may have been reached and it will error out.
.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> "7171 Southwest Parkway, Austin, TX" | Get-GeoCode

Address                                     Latitude                           Longitude                                                     
-------                                     --------                           ---------                                                     
7171 Southwest Parkway, Austin, TX          30.2510727                         -97.8631899 

.EXAMPLE
PS C:\> $Addresses = "Baltimore, MD", "Washington, DC"

PS C:\> $Addresses | Get-GeoCode

Address                                     Latitude                           Longitude                                                     
-------                                     --------                           ---------                                                     
Baltimore, MD                               39.2903848                         -76.6121893                                                   
Washington, DC                              38.9071923                         -77.0368707
#>

$Addresses  = @("Address1")
$Addresses += "Address2"
$Addresses += "Address3"

Get-ChildItem C:\Test | Select-Object Name, CreationTime,  @{Name="Kbytes";Expression={$_.Length / 1Kb}}
Import-Csv postfil_adressen.csv | 
Select-Object *,@{Name='column3';Expression={'setvalue'}} | 
Export-Csv file.csv -NoTypeInformation




Get-GeoCode -Address $Addresses -Provider "osm"
Get-GeoCode -Address $Addresses -Provider "bing"
Get-GeoCode -Address $Addresses -Provider "google"




function Get-GeoCode() {

    param(
        [String[]] $Address,
        [String] $Provider
    )
 
    $i = 0
    While ( $i -lt $Address.Count )
    {
        if ( $FailureCount -ge 2 )
        {
            Write-Error "You have called the Google Maps API too frequently and this has failed.  Wait 24 hours and try again."
            break
        }
            
        $AddressToken = $Address[$i]
        $Parameter = "address=" + $AddressToken.Replace(" ","%20")            
                    
        switch ( $Provider )
        {

            "bing" {
                # TODO: den Token noch als Variable speichern
                # http://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Locations/1%20Microsoft%20Way%20Redmond%20WA%2098052?include=queryParse&o=xml&key={bingkey}
                $ApiUri = "http://dev.virtualearth.net/REST/v1/Locations/$($AddressToken.Replace(" ","%20"))?include=queryParse&o=xml&key={bingkey}"
                $Response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $ApiUri
                $ResponseXml = [xml]($Response.Content.Substring(1).Replace('"',"'")) 
                $ResponseStatus = $ResponseXml.Response.StatusDescription -eq "OK"
            }
            "google" {
                # https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address={{ADDRESS}}%20{{POSTCODE}}%20{{TOWN}}%20Germany&key={googlekey}
                $ApiUri = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/xml?$($Parameter)"
                $Response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $ApiUri
                $ResponseXml = [xml]($Response.Content) 
                $ResponseStatus = $ResponseXml.GeocodeResponse.status -eq "OK"
            }
            "osm" {
                # http://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?street={{ADDRESS}}&city={{TOWN}}&postalcode={{POSTCODE}}&countrycodes=de&format=json&polygon=1&addressdetails=1
                # http://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?street=kaiserstrasse%2035&city=Frankfurt&postalcode=60329&countrycodes=de&format=json&polygon=1&addressdetails=1
                # http://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?q=kaiserstrasse%2035,%20Frankfurt,%2060329&countrycodes=de&format=xml&addressdetails=1&limit=1
                $ApiUri = "http://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/search?q=$($AddressToken.Replace(" ","%20"))&countrycodes=de&format=xml&addressdetails=1&limit=1"
                $Response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $ApiUri
                $ResponseXml = [xml]($Response.Content) 
                # TODO hier noch checken, wie ok festgestellt werden kann
                #$ResponseStatus = $ResponseXml.GeocodeResponse.status -eq "OK"
                $ResponseStatus = $TRUE
            }
            default {
                
            }
        }          
                     

        if ( $ResponseStatus -eq $TRUE )
        {
            switch ( $Provider )
            {

                "bing" {
                    $lat = $ResponseXml.Response.ResourceSets.ResourceSet.Resources.Location.Point.Latitude
                    $lon = $ResponseXml.Response.ResourceSets.ResourceSet.Resources.Location.Point.Longitude
                }
                "google" {
                    $lat = $ResponseXml.GeocodeResponse.result.geometry.location.lat
                    $lon = $ResponseXml.GeocodeResponse.result.geometry.location.lng                    
                }
                "osm" {
                    $lat = $ResponseXml.searchResults.place.lat
                    $lon = $ResponseXml.searchResults.place.lon
                }
                default { }
            }
            
            $ObjectHash = [ordered]@{ Provider = $Provider;  Address = $AddressToken; Latitude = $lat; Longitude = $lon }                                
            New-Object -TypeName PSObject -Property $ObjectHash
            #Write-Host "Coordinates for '$AddressToken': '$ObjectHash' "
            # It worked.  Move to the next element and reset the failure count
            $i++
            $FailureCount = 0
        }
        elseif ( $ResponseXml.GeocodeResponse.status -eq "OVER_QUERY_LIMIT" )
        {
            Write-Warning "Too many calls to the Google API.  Pausing for 2 seconds..."
            $FailureCount++
            Start-Sleep -Seconds 2
        }
        else
        {
            Write-Host "Failed to get GeoCode for '$Address' and continuing." -ForegroundColor Red
            $i++
        }
    }

}