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fortigate debug flow cheat sheet
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| #===================================================================== | |
| #ChatGPT | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| #Debug the packet flow when network traffic is not entering and leaving the FortiGate as expected. | |
| #https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.2.3/administration-guide/054688/debugging-the-packet-flow | |
| # GUI https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.2.3/administration-guide/038044/using-the-debug-flow-tool | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| #If you encounter a different protocol number, you can refer to the IANA Protocol Numbers registry | |
| Assigned Internet Protocol Numbers | |
| https://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers/protocol-numbers.xhtml | |
| 1 ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol, used for network diagnostics and error messages. | |
| 6 TCP Transmission Control Protocol, used for reliable data transfer with connection establishment and teardown. | |
| 17 UDP User Datagram Protocol, used for connectionless data transfer without guaranteed delivery. | |
| 41 IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) | |
| 47 GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation, used for tunneling other protocols. | |
| 50 ESP Encapsulating Security Payload, used for secure communication in IPsec tunnels. | |
| 58 ICMPv6 (Internet Control Message Protocol version 6) | |
| 80 HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol, used for web browsing and accessing web servers. | |
| 443 HTTPS Secure HTTP, encrypted version of HTTP used for secure web communication. | |
| 53 DNS Domain Name System, used for resolving hostnames to IP addresses. | |
| 22 SSH Secure Shell, used for secure remote access to a server. | |
| 25 SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol, used for sending email. | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| diagnose sniffer packet vs diag debug flow filter | |
| # diagnose sniffer packet checks if the packet reaches fortigate | |
| # diag debug flow filter checks packet's traffic within fortigate internally | |
| diagnose debug flow #trace per-packet operations for flow tracing | |
| diagnose sniffer packet #trace per-Ethernet frame | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| # WEB GUI v7.2.3 | |
| Network > Diagnostics > Debug Flow | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| # Network > Diagnostics > Debug Flow tab | |
| #Administrators can use the debug flow tool to display debug flow output in real-time until it is stopped | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter addr <addr/range> | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter port <port/range> | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter proto <protocol> | |
| #Advanced: | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter saddr <addr/range> | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter sport <port/range> | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter daddr <addr/range> | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter dport <port/range> | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter proto <protocol> | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| #diagnose debug flow filter proto 17 #enable debugging for DHCP traffic (proto 17),protocol numbers are TCP=6, UDP=17, ICMP=1 | |
| diagnose debug flow filter proto 17 srcintf wan1 #enable debugging for DHCP traffic that is coming from the WAN1 interface | |
| diagnose debug flow filter proto 17 dstintf lan #enable debugging for DHCP traffic that is going to the LAN interface. | |
| diagnose debug flow filter proto 17 srcaddr 192.168.1.100 #enable debugging for DHCP traffic that is coming from the IP address 192.168.1.100 | |
| diagnose debug flow filter proto 17 dstaddr 192.168.1.1 #enable debugging for DHCP traffic that is going to the IP address 192.168.1.1. | |
| diagnose debug flow filter proto 17 srcport 67 #enable debugging for DHCP traffic that is coming from port 67 | |
| diagnose debug flow filter proto 17 dstport 68 #enable debugging for DHCP traffic that is going to port 68. | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| #windows PC that you are connecting to Fortigate Web GUI, pinging Fortigate IP | |
| From the PC at 10.10.10.12, start a continuous ping to port1: | |
| ping 192.168.2.5 –t | |
| #On the FortiGate CLI, enable debug flow: | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter addr 10.10.10.12 | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter proto 1 | |
| # diagnose debug enable | |
| # diagnose debug flow trace start 10 | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| diagnose debug flow #trace per-packet operations for flow tracing | |
| # diag debug flow filter #show current filter parameters | |
| # diag debug flow filter saddr 192.168.7.6 | |
| # diag debug flow filter daddr 192.168.7.11 | |
| # diag debug flow filter | |
| vf: any | |
| proto: any | |
| Host addr: any | |
| host saddr: 192.168.7.6-192.168.7.6 | |
| host daddr: 192.168.7.11-192.168.7.11 | |
| port: any | |
| sport: any | |
| dport: any | |
| # diag debug console timestamp enable | |
| # diagnose debug flow show function-name enable | |
| # diagnose debug flow show iprope enable | |
| # diagnose debug flow trace start 10 | |
| # diag debug info # current settings | |
| # diag debug enable | |
| # diag debug disable | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter clear #clear current filter parameters | |
| # comment on diagnose debug flow trace log | |
| # if "policy-1" is not in "Policy&Objects > Firewall Policy" then it is in "Policy&Objects >Local In Policy" | |
| # Local In Policy does not have an ID, can not be linked to policy-1 | |
| 2022-02-10 13:47:00 id=65304 trace_id=337 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2047 msg="checked gnum-100001 policy-1, ret-no-match, act-accept" | |
| 2022-02-10 13:47:00 id=65304 trace_id=337 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2047 msg="checked gnum-100001 policy-2, ret-matched, act-accept" | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| # diagnose debug flow trace start <N> #start flow monitoring with a specific number of packets | |
| # diagnose debug flow trace stop #stop flow tracing at any time | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| The following example shows the flow trace for a device with an IP address of 203.160.224.97: | |
| # diagnose debug enable | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter addr 203.160.224.97 | |
| # diagnose debug flow show function-name enable | |
| # diagnose debug flow trace start 100 | |
| # diagnose debug flow trace stop | |
| # diagnose debug disable | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| diagnose debug enable | |
| diagnose debug flow show console enable | |
| diagnose debug flow filter add 10.10.0.1 | |
| diagnose debug flow trace start 100 | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| Debug flow | |
| # diag debug enable | |
| # diag debug flow filter <----- Find the options to filter below. | |
| # diag debug console timestamp enable | |
| # diag debug flow show iprope enable | |
| # diag debug flow trace start 100 <----- This will display 100 packets for this flow. | |
| # diag debug enabl | |
| diag debug flow trace stop #stop all other debug | |
| Filter based on Protocol | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter proto 1 #(proto = protocol number) | |
| protocol number 1 = ICMP (ping) | |
| protocol number 6 = TCP | |
| protocol number 17 = UDP | |
| Filter only ping that relates to the IP address | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter addr x.x.x.x | |
| # diagnose debug flow filter proto | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| dia deb res | |
| diag debug console timestamp enable | |
| diag debug flow show function-name enable | |
| diag debug flow filter saddr x.x.x.x --> x.x.x.x is the source IP | |
| diag debug flow filter daddr x.x.x.x --> x.x.x.x is the destination IP | |
| dia deb flow trace start 100 | |
| diag debug enable | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli: | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=print_pkt_detail line=5892 msg="vd-root:0 received a packet(proto=6, 172.46.77.18:64393->55.18.26.12:443) tun_id=0.0.0.0 from port2. flag [S], seq 2647658507, ack 0, win 64240" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=init_ip_session_common line=6073 msg="allocate a new session-2958fd0c, tun_id=0.0.0.0" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_dnat_check line=5327 msg="in-[port2], out-[]" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_dnat_tree_check line=823 msg="len=0" | |
| This is a debug output from a FortiGate firewall appliance that shows the details of a packet flow that has been traced using the command "diagnose debug flow trace start 10". Here's a breakdown of the output: | |
| The first line shows the trace ID, function name, and line number of the code that printed the message. It also shows that the packet received by the firewall is a TCP packet (proto=6), with a source IP address of 172.46.77.18 and source port number of 64393, and a destination IP address of 55.18.26.12 and destination port number of 443. The packet has the [S] flag set, indicating that it is a SYN packet, and the sequence number is 2647658507, with an acknowledgement number of 0 and a window size of 64240. | |
| The second line shows that a new session has been allocated for the packet with session ID "2958fd0c" and the tunnel ID is "0.0.0.0". | |
| The third line shows that the packet is coming in through "port2" and that no DNAT (Destination Network Address Translation) has been applied to the packet. | |
| The fourth line shows that the DNAT tree check has not found any matching rule, indicating that no DNAT rule has been configured for the packet. | |
| Overall, this debug output is useful for troubleshooting packet flow and identifying any issues in the firewall's configuration or rules. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli: | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_dnat_check line=5339 msg="result: skb_flags-02000000, vid-0, ret-no-match, act-accept, flag-00000000" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=vf_ip_route_input_common line=2605 msg="find a route: flag=80000000 gw-55.18.26.12 via root" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_access_proxy_check line=436 msg="in-[port2], out-[], skb_flags-02000000, vid-0" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check line=2295 msg="gnum-100017, check-ffffffffa002db30" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_policy_group_check line=4755 msg="after check: ret-no-match, act-accept, flag-00000000, flag2-00000000" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_fwd_check line=789 msg="in-[port2], out-[port3], skb_flags-02000000, vid-0, app_id: 0, url_cat_id: 0" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_tree_check line=557 msg="gnum-100004, use addr/intf hash, len=20" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2047 msg="checked gnum-100004 policy-126, ret-no-match, act-accept" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2047 msg="checked gnum-100004 policy-126, ret-matched, act-accept" | |
| The debug output shown is from a FortiGate CLI command "diagnose debug flow trace start 10". This command initiates a debug flow trace for the next 10 packets that pass through the FortiGate firewall. | |
| Each line of the output represents a step in the packet flow, including the function or module responsible for that step, the result of that step, and any relevant information about the packet or connection. | |
| Here is a breakdown of each line: | |
| Line 1: The packet has passed through the "iprope_dnat_check" function and did not match any DNAT rule. The packet will be accepted. | |
| Line 2: The packet has been routed to the next hop "55.18.26.12" through the default gateway. | |
| Line 3: The packet has passed through the "iprope_access_proxy_check" function and is coming in through "port2" with the "skb_flags" set to "02000000" and "vid" set to "0". | |
| Line 4: The packet has passed through the "__iprope_check" function and has been assigned "gnum-100017" for further processing. | |
| Line 5: The packet has passed through the "iprope_policy_group_check" function and did not match any policy group. The packet will be accepted. | |
| Line 6: The packet has passed through the "iprope_fwd_check" function and is coming in through "port2" and going out through "port3". The packet has "skb_flags" set to "02000000" and "vid" set to "0". The packet has no application ID or URL category ID. | |
| Line 7: The packet has passed through the "__iprope_tree_check" function and has been assigned "gnum-100004" for further processing. | |
| Line 8 and 9: The packet has passed through the "__iprope_check_one_policy" function and matched policy "126" with "gnum-100004". The packet will be accepted. | |
| Overall, the output shows the packet flow and the decision-making process of the FortiGate firewall as it processes the packet. The output can be helpful in troubleshooting connectivity issues and identifying any misconfigurations or policy violations. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli: | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_user_identity_check line=1822 msg="ret-matched" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check line=2295 msg="gnum-4e21, check-ffffffffa002db30" | |
| This debug output is from a Fortigate device and shows the output of the command "diagnose debug flow trace start 10", which starts a packet flow trace with a trace ID of 10. The subsequent lines show various functions and checks that are performed on the packet as it flows through the device. | |
| The line "id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_user_identity_check line=1822 msg="ret-matched"" indicates that the packet has been matched to a user identity, which could be important for access control or other security policies. | |
| The line "id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check line=2295 msg="gnum-4e21, check-ffffffffa002db30"" indicates that the packet is being checked against a policy with the group number (gnum) of 4e21. The "check" value is a hexadecimal number that represents the various checks that are being performed on the packet. | |
| Overall, this debug output is showing the various checks and policies that are being applied to a packet as it flows through the Fortigate device. The output can be useful for troubleshooting network connectivity or security issues. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2047 msg="checked gnum-4e21 policy-7, ret-matched, act-accept" | |
| This debug output is generated by running the command "diagnose debug flow trace start 10" on a FortiGate firewall. The output shows the trace of a packet as it passes through the firewall and the different policies it matches. | |
| In this particular line of the output: | |
| python | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2047 msg="checked gnum-4e21 policy-7, ret-matched, act-accept" | |
| id=65308 and trace_id=459 are internal identifiers used by the firewall to track the trace. | |
| func=__iprope_check_one_policy indicates that the firewall is checking a specific policy. | |
| line=2047 is the line number in the firewall's code where the check is performed. | |
| msg="checked gnum-4e21 policy-7, ret-matched, act-accept" is the message that describes the result of the policy check. Here, the firewall has matched policy number 7 and the return value is "ret-matched". The action associated with this policy is "act-accept", which means that the packet is allowed to pass through the firewall. | |
| The following lines in the output show additional information about the matched policy, including the action taken, and whether any source network address translation (SNAT) was performed | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check line=2312 msg="gnum-4e21 check result: ret-matched, act-accept, flag-00202000, flag2-00000000" | |
| This line is part of the debugging output in FortiGate CLI and it is related to the inspection of a network packet. | |
| In this specific case, the output is indicating that the packet has been checked against policy number 7 (policy-7) and the check has returned a "matched" result, meaning that the packet matched the criteria defined in policy-7. Additionally, the action associated with policy-7 is "accept" (act-accept), meaning that the packet is allowed to continue its path. | |
| The line also shows two flags, "flag-00202000" and "flag2-00000000". These flags are related to the specific configuration of the policy and they may vary depending on the configuration of the firewall. | |
| In this debug output, we see the function get_new_addr being executed with a message indicating that a SNAT (Source NAT) has been found. The IP address that will be used for the SNAT is 55.18.26.12, and the port number associated with it is 64393. | |
| SNAT is a type of NAT that changes the source address of outgoing traffic to a different address, which can help in scenarios where there is a shortage of public IP addresses or to hide internal IP addresses. In this case, the firewall has determined that the outgoing traffic needs to be SNAT'd, and has identified the IP address and port to be used for this purpose. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2265 msg="policy-126 is matched, act-accept" | |
| The debug output message "id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2265 msg="policy-126 is matched, act-accept"" indicates that the traffic matches a security policy with ID 126 and the action specified in the policy is "accept". | |
| When traffic passes through a FortiGate firewall, it is evaluated against the security policies configured on the firewall. Each policy specifies a set of criteria that must be met in order for traffic to match the policy. If traffic matches a policy, the action specified in the policy is taken. In this case, the traffic has matched the policy with ID 126 and the action specified in the policy is to accept the traffic. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_fwd_check line=826 msg="after iprope_captive_check(): is_captive-0, ret-matched, act-accept, idx-126" | |
| The debug output message "id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_fwd_check line=826 msg="after iprope_captive_check(): is_captive-0, ret-matched, act-accept, idx-126"" indicates that the FortiGate firewall is performing a check in the iprope_fwd_check function to determine if the traffic should be forwarded or not. | |
| The message indicates that the iprope_captive_check function has been executed and has returned a value of 0 for the is_captive parameter, which means that the traffic is not a captive portal traffic. The message further indicates that the result of the check is a match, which means that the traffic matches the security policy being evaluated, and the action is accept, which means that the firewall will allow the traffic to pass through. Finally, the message indicates that the security policy index that matched is 126, which is the security policy that was evaluated by the firewall to determine whether the traffic should be forwarded or not. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_in_check line=469 msg="in-[port3], out-[], skb_flags-02000000, vid-0" | |
| This debug output is from the FortiGate firewall's packet flow tracing functionality, specifically at the beginning of the packet processing when the packet is received on the "port3" interface. | |
| The output is indicating the input interface ("in-[port3]"), output interface (currently empty or ""), the skb_flags (a flag that is set when the packet has been modified by the kernel), and the VLAN ID (vid-0). This information is useful for debugging network traffic and understanding how the FortiGate is processing packets as they flow through the device. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_policy_group_check line=4755 msg="after check: ret-no-match, act-drop, flag-00000000, flag2-00000000" | |
| The output you provided is part of the debug flow trace output of the FortiGate CLI command "diagnose debug flow trace start 10". This command starts a packet flow trace with a trace ID of 10, which means that it will trace the path of the 10th packet that passes through the FortiGate device. | |
| The debug output you provided includes the following information: | |
| id=65308: This is the ID of the firewall policy that was matched against the packet. It indicates that the packet was checked against policy number 65308. | |
| trace_id=459: This is the ID of the trace that was started with the "diagnose debug flow trace start" command. It indicates that this debug output is related to the 459th packet that has passed through the device. | |
| func=iprope_policy_group_check: This is the name of the function that was called to check the packet against the policy. It is part of the FortiGate's internal code. | |
| line=4755: This is the line number in the function where the debug output was generated. | |
| msg="after check: ret-no-match, act-drop, flag-00000000, flag2-00000000": This is the message that was generated by the function after it checked the packet against the policy. It includes the following information: | |
| ret-no-match: This indicates that the packet did not match the firewall policy. | |
| act-drop: This indicates that the action specified in the firewall policy was to drop or reject the packet. | |
| flag-00000000: This is a flag that is used internally by the FortiGate device. Its value in this case is all zeros. | |
| flag2-00000000: This is another flag that is used internally by the FortiGate device. Its value in this case is also all zeros. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=iprope_policy_group_check line=4755 msg="after check: ret-no-match, act-accept, flag-00000000, flag2-00000000" | |
| The output you provided is part of the debug flow trace output of the FortiGate CLI command "diagnose debug flow trace start 10". This command starts a packet flow trace with a trace ID of 10, which means that it will trace the path of the 10th packet that passes through the FortiGate device. | |
| The debug output you provided includes the following information: | |
| id=65308: This is the ID of the firewall policy that was matched against the packet. It indicates that the packet was checked against policy number 65308. | |
| trace_id=459: This is the ID of the trace that was started with the "diagnose debug flow trace start" command. It indicates that this debug output is related to the 459th packet that has passed through the device. | |
| func=iprope_policy_group_check: This is the name of the function that was called to check the packet against the policy. It is part of the FortiGate's internal code. | |
| line=4755: This is the line number in the function where the debug output was generated. | |
| msg="after check: ret-no-match, act-accept, flag-00000000, flag2-00000000": This is the message that was generated by the function after it checked the packet against the policy. It includes the following information: | |
| ret-no-match: This indicates that the packet did not match the firewall policy. | |
| act-accept: This indicates that the action specified in the firewall policy was to allow the packet to pass through. | |
| flag-00000000: This is a flag that is used internally by the FortiGate device. Its value in this case is all zeros. | |
| flag2-00000000: This is another flag that is used internally by the FortiGate device. Its value in this case is also all zeros. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check line=2295 msg="gnum-10000e, check-ffffffffa002db30" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2047 msg="checked gnum-10000e policy-4294967295, ret-no-match, act-accept" | |
| The output you provided is part of the debug flow trace output of the FortiGate CLI command "diagnose debug flow trace start 10". This command starts a packet flow trace with a trace ID of 10, which means that it will trace the path of the 10th packet that passes through the FortiGate device. | |
| The debug output you provided includes the following information: | |
| id=65308: This is the ID of the firewall policy that was matched against the packet. It indicates that the packet was checked against policy number 65308. | |
| trace_id=459: This is the ID of the trace that was started with the "diagnose debug flow trace start" command. It indicates that this debug output is related to the 459th packet that has passed through the device. | |
| func=__iprope_check: This is the name of the function that was called to perform an intermediate processing check on the packet. It is part of the FortiGate's internal code. | |
| line=2295: This is the line number in the function where the debug output was generated. | |
| msg="gnum-10000e, check-ffffffffa002db30": This is a message that provides some internal information about the packet. | |
| gnum-10000e: This indicates that the packet was checked against a group with group number 10000e. | |
| check-ffffffffa002db30: This provides additional information about the packet check. The specific value may not be meaningful without more context. | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2047 msg="checked gnum-10000e policy-4294967295, ret-no-match, act-accept": This is another message that provides information about the packet processing. | |
| checked gnum-10000e policy-4294967295: This indicates that the packet was checked against a policy with ID 4294967295 in group number 10000e. | |
| ret-no-match: This indicates that the packet did not match the firewall policy. | |
| act-accept: This indicates that the action specified in the firewall policy was to allow the packet to pass through. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2265 msg="policy-4294967295 is matched, act-drop" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check line=2312 msg="gnum-10000e check result: ret-matched, act-drop, flag-00000001, flag2-00000000" | |
| The debug output you provided is part of the output generated by the "diagnose debug flow trace start 10" command in FortiGate CLI. It provides information about a specific packet flow, and the processing that occurred as the packet passed through the FortiGate device. | |
| id=65308: This is the firewall policy ID that matched against the packet. | |
| trace_id=459: This is the trace ID of the packet that passed through the FortiGate device. | |
| func=__iprope_check_one_policy: This is the name of the function that checked whether the packet matched against the firewall policy. | |
| line=2265: This is the line number in the function where the debug output was generated. | |
| msg="policy-4294967295 is matched, act-drop": This message indicates that the firewall policy with ID 4294967295 matched against the packet, and the action specified in the policy was to drop the packet. | |
| func=__iprope_check: This is the name of the function that performs an intermediate processing check on the packet. | |
| line=2312: This is the line number in the function where the debug output was generated. | |
| msg="gnum-10000e check result: ret-matched, act-drop, flag-00000001, flag2-00000000": This message indicates that the packet was checked against group number 10000e, and the result of the check was a match against the firewall policy with ID 4294967295. The action specified in the policy was to drop the packet, and the flag value indicates that the check was successful. The flag2 value is not relevant in this case. | |
| Explain debug output of " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" in fortigate cli:id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check line=2295 msg="gnum-10000f, check-ffffffffa002db30" | |
| id=65308 trace_id=459 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2047 msg="checked gnum-10000f policy-4294967295, ret-no-match, act-accept" | |
| The debug output you provided is part of the output generated by the "diagnose debug flow trace start 10" command in FortiGate CLI. It provides information about a specific packet flow, and the processing that occurred as the packet passed through the FortiGate device. | |
| id=65308: This is the firewall policy ID that matched against the packet. | |
| trace_id=459: This is the trace ID of the packet that passed through the FortiGate device. | |
| func=__iprope_check: This is the name of the function that performs an intermediate processing check on the packet. | |
| line=2295: This is the line number in the function where the debug output was generated. | |
| msg="gnum-10000f, check-ffffffffa002db30": This message indicates that the packet was checked against group number 10000f. | |
| func=__iprope_check_one_policy: This is the name of the function that checked whether the packet matched against the firewall policy. | |
| line=2047: This is the line number in the function where the debug output was generated. | |
| msg="checked gnum-10000f policy-4294967295, ret-no-match, act-accept": This message indicates that the firewall policy with ID 4294967295 was checked against the packet, but there was no match. The action specified in the policy was to accept the packet. The ret-no-match value indicates that the check was not successful, and the flag value is not relevant in this case. | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| #ChatGPT | |
| #Explain diagnose debug flow show iprope enable command in fortigate cli. | |
| The "diagnose debug flow show iprope enable" command in FortiGate CLI is used to enable IP protocol debugging on the firewall. It allows you to monitor and troubleshoot the flow of IP packets through the firewall. Here's a brief explanation of each part of the command: | |
| "diagnose": This command is used to access the debug mode in FortiGate CLI. | |
| "debug flow": This command enables flow debugging, which shows the flow of packets through the firewall. | |
| "show iprope": This option displays the in-progress packets and the security policies that apply to them. | |
| "enable": This option turns on IP protocol debugging. | |
| When you execute this command, FortiGate will display a real-time log of the IP packets as they traverse the firewall. This includes information such as source and destination IP addresses, port numbers, security policies, and NAT translations. | |
| Using the output from the "diagnose debug flow show iprope enable" command, you can troubleshoot issues such as firewall rules blocking traffic, NAT issues, and routing problems. | |
| It's important to note that enabling IP protocol debugging can generate a large amount of data, so it should only be used for troubleshooting specific issues and disabled once the issue has been resolved. Additionally, it's recommended to use a packet filter to narrow down the debug information to specific traffic, otherwise the debug logs may become too verbose to be useful. | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| #ChatGPT | |
| #Explain "diagnose debug flow show function-name enable" command in fortigate cli. | |
| The "diagnose debug flow show function-name enable" command is a FortiGate CLI command that enables the display of function names in the output of the "diagnose debug flow" command. | |
| The "diagnose debug flow" command is used for debugging and troubleshooting network traffic on FortiGate firewalls. It allows network administrators to trace the flow of packets through the firewall and see how they are being processed by various firewall functions, such as IP session initialization, firewall policy matching, NAT (Network Address Translation), and so on. | |
| By default, the "diagnose debug flow" command shows trace IDs and line numbers for each firewall function in the output. However, enabling the display of function names with the "diagnose debug flow show function-name enable" command makes it easier to read and interpret the output, as it shows the actual function names instead of just line numbers. | |
| Enabling function names can be especially useful when troubleshooting complex packet flows or trying to identify specific firewall functions that may be causing problems or errors. However, it is important to disable function names after troubleshooting is complete, as leaving them enabled can impact firewall performance and generate excessive debug output. This can be done by using the "diagnose debug flow show function-name disable" command. | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| #ChatGPT | |
| #Explain " diagnose debug flow trace start 10" command in fortigate cli. | |
| The "diagnose debug flow trace start 10" command is a FortiGate CLI command that enables the tracing of network traffic through the firewall for a specific number of packets. | |
| When this command is executed, the firewall starts to trace the flow of the next 10 packets that pass through it. The traced packets can be viewed using the "diagnose debug flow trace show" command. | |
| The "diagnose debug flow" command is useful for troubleshooting network traffic and identifying any issues or errors in the firewall configuration or rules. It allows network administrators to view detailed information about the packets as they pass through the firewall, such as their source and destination addresses, port numbers, protocol type, and firewall policies they match. | |
| The "diagnose debug flow trace start" command can be used in conjunction with other debug commands to trace specific types of network traffic or troubleshoot specific problems. For example, if a network administrator suspects that a firewall policy is not working as intended, they can use the "diagnose debug flow trace start" command to trace packets that should match the policy and see how they are being processed by the firewall functions. | |
| It is important to note that enabling debug commands on a production firewall can impact firewall performance and generate excessive debug output, which can be overwhelming and difficult to analyze. Therefore, debug commands should be used with caution and only when necessary for troubleshooting purposes. Once troubleshooting is complete, debug commands should be disabled to prevent any adverse impact on firewall performance. | |
| #===================================================================== | |
| #ChatGPT | |
| #used to enable debugging for network traffic flows that match a specified protocol. | |
| #filter the traffic based on the protocol and to see the detailed information about the matching packets and their flow. | |
| #diagnose debug flow filter proto | |
| Here is an example scenario where "diagnose debug flow filter proto" command could be used: | |
| Imagine that an administrator wants to troubleshoot an issue with the DHCP traffic. | |
| The administrator suspects that there is an issue with DHCP packets not reaching their destination. | |
| In this case, the administrator can use the command "diagnose debug flow filter proto 17" to enable debugging | |
| for all the DHCP traffic flows. This command will filter all the traffic based on the DHCP protocol (proto 17) | |
| and will provide detailed information about the DHCP packets and their flow. | |
| The output of the command will show the DHCP packets and their details, such as the source and destination IP addresses, | |
| the packet's size, and the time it was received. Additionally, the command will show the state of the flow, | |
| such as whether it's new, established, or terminated. | |
| Once the administrator has the detailed information about the DHCP traffic, they can use this information to troubleshoot | |
| the issue. For example, if the administrator sees that the DHCP packets are being dropped, they can check | |
| the firewall policies to see if there are any rules blocking the DHCP traffic | |
| #===================================================================== |
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