Read Argo index or data from a DOI snapshot download without untar/decompress

argo_read_doi.py

import tarfile
import gzip
import xarray as xr
import pandas as pd

# Work with a BGC-S doi snapshot
# Snapshot was downloaded from: https://www.seanoe.org/data/00311/42182/data/110195.tar.gz
file = '/Users/gmaze/Downloads/110195.tar.gz'

# Read one of the index file as a pandas dataframe:
with tarfile.open(file, mode='r:gz') as tar:
    for member in tar:
        if member.name.endswith('argo_synthetic-profile_index.txt.gz'):
            data = tar.extractfile(member)
            with gzip.open(data) as f:
                df = pd.read_csv(f, sep=",", index_col=None, header=0, skiprows=8)            
            break    
                        
# Read one netcdf file as xarray dataset:
with tarfile.open(file, mode='r:gz') as tar:
    for member in tar:
        if member.name.endswith('dac/aoml/1900722_Sprof.nc'):
            data = tar.extractfile(member)
            ds = xr.open_dataset(data, engine='argo')  # requires argopy
            # ds = xr.open_dataset(data, decode_cf=1, use_cftime=0, mask_and_scale=1)  # otherwise
            break