relocate bad block

relocate-bad-block.sh

# https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Identify_damaged_files#Force_the_disk_to_reallocate_bad_block

# scan entire disk for bad blocks (slow but complete)
sudo badblocks -v -b 4096 /dev/sda

# smartctl test find bad block (fast but not complete)
sudo smartctl -t short /dev/sda
# get block number of error
sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda
...
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     41746         45093016
...
# test reading bad block (should fail)
sudo hdparm --read-sector 45093016 /dev/sda 
# write 0 (which should relocate)
sudo hdparm --repair-sector 45093016 --yes-i-know-what-i-am-doing /dev/sda
# repeat smartctl test find bad block
sudo smartctl -t short /dev/sda
# no more bad blocks
sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda
...
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Short offline       Completed without error       00%     41746         -
# 2  Short offline       Completed: read failure       90%     41746         45093016
...