Bit Macros

#define Bit(number) (1 << number)
#define BitValue(variable, bitmask) (variable & bitmask)
#define BitOn(variable, bitmask) (variable |= bitmask)
#define BitOff(variable, bitmask) (variable &= ~bitmask)
#define BitToggle(variable, bitmask) (variable ^ bitmask)

#define PowerOfTwo(integer) (!(integer - 1) & integer)


template <typename T>
void print_bits ( T val, std::ostream& out ) {
  T n_bits = sizeof ( val ) * CHAR_BIT;
  for ( unsigned i = 0; i < n_bits; ++i ) {
    out<< !!( val & 1 );
    val >>= 1;
  }
}