The NYS GIS Program Office geocoding service can geocode structured addresses (with street number, city, zipcode, etc. in different fields) as well as freeform addresses (with everything in a single field).
This geocoder is available as an ArcGIS REST GeocodeServer, which is great if you are using Esri software, but what if you are not? Below, we'll see how to use the geocoder within Google Sheets, for an easy way to geocode addresses across New York State, without having to use any special software.
Calls to an ArcGIS GeocodeServer can be written in the form of a URL with parameters for the input address and output settings. Here is an example, broken into separate lines for readability: