What does this mean that my class 'is not a controller' and why is my $msg not making it into the stash?

gistfile1.txt

$ less log/development.log -- 

[Wed Oct  9 16:38:32 2013] [debug] GET "/VolunteerOpportunities/Applicant/hesco/33".
[Wed Oct  9 16:38:32 2013] [debug] Class "VolunteerEngagement::VolunteerOpportunities::Applicant" is not a controller.
[Wed Oct  9 16:38:32 2013] [debug] Rendering template "volunteer_opportunities/applicant/application.html.ep".
[Wed Oct  9 16:38:32 2013] [error] Global symbol "$msg" requires explicit package name at template volunteer_opportunities/applicant/application.html.ep line 3.
1: % layout 'default';
2: % title 'Welcome';
3: <h2><%= $msg %></h2>
4: This page was generated from the template "templates/example/welcome.html.ep"
5: and the layout "templates/layouts/default.html.ep",
6: <a href="<%== url_for %>">click here</a> to reload the page or
7: <a href="/index.html">here</a> to move forward to a static page.

[Wed Oct  9 16:38:32 2013] [debug] Template "exception.development.html.ep" not found.
[Wed Oct  9 16:38:32 2013] [debug] Template "exception.html.ep" not found.
[Wed Oct  9 16:38:32 2013] [debug] Rendering cached inline template.
[Wed Oct  9 16:38:32 2013] [debug] Rendering cached inline template.
[Wed Oct  9 16:38:32 2013] [debug] 500 Internal Server Error (0.019361s, 51.650/s).

-----  

http://127.0.0.1:3000/VolunteerOpportunities/Applicant/hesco/33 -- 

Stash:	
{
  'action' => 'application',
  'appid' => '33',
  'controller' => 'volunteer_opportunities-applicant',
  'userid' => 'hesco'
}

-----  

$ prove -lv t/routes.t -- 

ok 24 - GET /VolunteerOpportunities/Applicant/hesco/33
not ok 25 - 200 OK

#   Failed test '200 OK'
#   at t/routes.t line 32.
#          got: '500'
#     expected: '200'

-----  

$ less t/routes.t --

$t->get_ok('/VolunteerOpportunities/Applicant/hesco/33')
    ->status_is(200);

-----  

$ less lib/VolunteerEngagement.pm -- 

package VolunteerEngagement;
use Mojo::Base 'Mojolicious';

# This method will run once at server start
sub startup {
  my $self = shift;

  # Documentation browser under "/perldoc"
  $self->plugin('PODRenderer');

  # Router
  my $r = $self->routes;

<snip>

  # Authenticated access to an Applicant's Applications
  $r->get('/VolunteerOpportunities/Applicant/:userid/:appid')
    ->to('volunteer_opportunities-applicant#application');
  $r->get('/VolunteerOpportunities/Applicant/:user_name/:appid')
    ->to('volunteer_opportunities-applicant#application');

}

1;

-----  

$ less lib/VolunteerEngagement/VolunteerOpportunities/Applicant.pm -- 

package VolunteerOpportunities::Applicant;
use Mojo::Base 'Mojolicious::Controller';

<snip>

sub application {
  my $self = shift;

  # Render template "volunteer_opportunities/applicant/application.html.ep" with message
  $self->render(
           msg => 'Hiring Committee Portal',
      template => 'volunteer_opportunities/applicant/application',
  );
}

1;

-----  

$ ls templates/volunteer_opportunities/applicant/application.html.ep -- 

% layout 'default';
% title 'Welcome';
<h2><%= $msg %></h2>
This page was generated from the template "templates/example/welcome.html.ep"
and the layout "templates/layouts/default.html.ep",
<a href="<%== url_for %>">click here</a> to reload the page or
<a href="/index.html">here</a> to move forward to a static page.