Mapnik is very smart about converting map scale to zoom level. As a secret/power user feature, Mapnik exposes a !scale_denominator! variable that changes according to the zoom level and + latitude of the vector tile being rendered. Read about the Mapnik's !scale_denominator! variable here.
With some postgres magic, the !scale_denominator lets us control which features appear and disappear, within a layer.
Concretely this is a two-part process. First you will need to load the following z() function into your PostGIS database:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION public.z(scaledenominator numeric)
RETURNS integer
LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE
AS $function$
begin
-- Don't bother if the scale is larger than ~zoom level 0
if scaledenominator > 600000000 then
return null;
end if;
return round(log(2,559082264.028/scaledenominator));
end;
$function$;The z() function takes Mapnik's !scale_denominator! as a parameter (again, which depends on the vector tile being rendered) and returns a zoom level. This allows us to construct queries/layers in Mapbox Studio like this:
( select
some, attributes,
geom_generalized
from your_table
where z(!scale_denominator!) in (10,11,12)
union ALL
select
some, attributes,
geom_not_generalized
from your_table
where z(!scale_denominator!) >= 13
) as data