list-windows-special-folders.ps1

# inspired from this article:
# http://windowsitpro.com/powershell/easily-finding-special-paths-powershell-scripts

$folders = [Environment+SpecialFolder]::GetNames([Environment+SpecialFolder])

foreach ($folder in $folders) {
    $location = [Environment]::GetFolderPath($folder)

    $specialFoldersTable = New-Object PSObject
    $specialFoldersTable | Add-Member FolderName $folder
    $specialFoldersTable | Add-Member Location $location

    Write-Output $specialFoldersTable
}

The one that I needed can be accessed in 2 ways:

1. $env:LOCALAPPDATA
2. [Environment]::GetFolderPath("LocalApplicationData")

Both ways refer to this directory:
C:\Users\<username>\AppData\Local