Debian 12 on Oracle Cloud (Free Tier) - (AMD64/ARM64)

oci_ubuntu_to_debian.multiarch.sh

#!/bin/bash
echo -e "\nHost:"
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o LogLevel=ERROR -p 22 ubuntu@$1 \
    'uname -a && arch && uptime && sudo touch /home/ubuntu/.hushlogin /root/.hushlogin'

echo -e "\nAdding temporary SSH-key for Ubuntu root user..."
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o LogLevel=ERROR -p 22 ubuntu@$1 \
    'sudo cat /home/ubuntu/.ssh/authorized_keys | sudo tee /root/.ssh/authorized_keys'

echo -e "\nSystem trimming..."
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o LogLevel=ERROR -p 22 root@$1 -T <<'EOL'
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
snap remove --purge oracle-cloud-agent && snap remove --purge core18
apt-get purge -y linux-* lxc* lxd* vim* snapd* python*
apt-get update && apt-get install -y lsof
apt-get -y autoremove --purge
apt-get -y autoclean
rm -rf /var/log/* /var/lib/apt/* /var/cache/apt/*
df -h
echo "Check free space! for "/" mountpoint. <=700mb"
sleep 15
EOL

echo -e "\nPreparing system..."
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o LogLevel=ERROR -p 22 root@$1 -T <<'EOL'
cd /
echo "Mounting tmpfs..."
mount -t tmpfs -o size=700m tmpfs mnt && tar --one-file-system -c . | tar -C /mnt -x
mount --make-private -o remount,rw /
mount --move dev mnt/dev && mount --move proc mnt/proc
mount --move run mnt/run && mount --move sys mnt/sys
sed -i "/^[^#]/d;" mnt/etc/fstab
echo "tmpfs / tmpfs defaults 0 0" >> mnt/etc/fstab
cd mnt && mkdir old_root
mount --make-private /
sleep 2

echo "Changing the root mount..."
unshare -m
pivot_root . old_root
sleep 5

echo "Starting SSH on 1022..."
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1022 -j ACCEPT
nohup /usr/sbin/sshd -D -p 1022 > /dev/null 2>&1 &
EOL

echo -e "\nFlashing the Debian image..."
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o LogLevel=ERROR -p 1022 root@$1 -T <<'EOL'
echo "Arch is $(arch)..."

IMAGEMIRROR="https://cloud.debian.org/images/cloud/bookworm"
IMAGEVERSION="debian-12-genericcloud"
IMAGEBUILD="20240211-1654"

for i in agetty dbus-daemon atd iscsid rpcbind unattended-upgrades; do pkill $i; done; kill 1; umount -l /dev/sda1
if [ $(arch) = "x86_64" ]
    then curl -L $IMAGEMIRROR/$IMAGEBUILD/$IMAGEVERSION-amd64-$IMAGEBUILD.tar.xz | tar -OJxvf - disk.raw | dd of=/dev/sda bs=1M; 
elif [ $(arch) = "aarch64" ]
    then curl -L $IMAGEMIRROR/$IMAGEBUILD/$IMAGEVERSION-arm64-$IMAGEBUILD.tar.xz | tar -OJxvf - disk.raw | dd of=/dev/sda bs=1M; 
else 
    echo Unsported architecture!
fi
sleep 5

echo "Syncing changes to the block storage..."
sync
sleep 5

echo "Rebooting into Debian!"
nohup sh -c 'echo "1" > /proc/sys/kernel/sysrq && sleep 5 && echo "b" > /proc/sysrq-trigger' > /dev/null 2>&1 &
EOL

echo -e "\nWaiting until Debian starts... (3 min)"
sleep 180

echo -e "\nAdding temporary SSH-key for Debian root user..."
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o LogLevel=ERROR -p 22 debian@$1 \
    'sudo cat /home/debian/.ssh/authorized_keys | sudo tee /root/.ssh/authorized_keys'

echo -e "\nDebian inititialisation..."
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o LogLevel=ERROR -p 22 root@$1 -T <<'EOL'
export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
echo "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security/ bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware" > /etc/apt/sources.list
apt-get update && apt-get install -y locales-all
rm -rf /root/.ssh/
sync
reboot
EOL

sleep 10
echo -e "\nDone!"

Hi, thanks for the script, I managed to install Debian. I have a question, would this same script work to reinstall Debian to its initial version? If not, what steps of the script should we use to get Debian reinstalled? Thanks for the help!

Probably... yes.
But you need to make some modifications to the script. Like changing username, and home folder path and delete ubuntu related stuff (like snapstore).
I don't test it, but it might work.

One thing that OCI does not have is the ability to reinstall the OS, you have to completely remove the "VPS" and try to create it again. Sometimes it can take more than a day to get another VPS created.
I will try, with the little knowledge I have, to find a way to reinstall Debian with the steps you mentioned, I hope I have luck.

Updated to Debian 12.

Thanks!

Works perfectly!

有三个方案可以安装Debian12

1. 通过dd安装Debian
2. 修改grub方式安装
3. ”Custom images“ Debian12.vmdk

#1 AMD，目前只能正常安装Debian11，再升级到12，root密码为”XXXX“自己修改，
bash <(wget --no-check-certificate -qO- 'https://moeclub.org/attachment/LinuxShell/InstallNET.sh') -d 11 -v 64 -p "XXXX" -a -firmware

#1 ARM，可以正常安装Debian12，root密码为”XXXX“自己修改
bash <(wget --no-check-certificate -qO- 'https://moeclub.org/attachment/LinuxShell/InstallNET.sh') -d 12 -v arm64 -p "XXXX" -a -firmware

#2 grub 方式安装需要通过VNC，查看https://netboot.xyz/docs/kb/providers/oci/

#3 只适合已升级的账户
3.1 Storage > Buckets > Create Bucket, Upload debian12.vmdk or debian12.cow2
3.2 Compute > Custom images > Import image > Custom image details > Edit details > Compatible shapes
3.3 Create compute instance ...