Example of Ansible playbook for building a custom Jenkins Docker image and running it in a remote host.

config-maven.groovy

#!groovy

import jenkins.model.Jenkins
import hudson.tasks.*
import hudson.tools.*
import hudson.util.DescribableList

Jenkins jenkins = Jenkins.getInstance()
def mavenDesc = jenkins.getExtensionList(Maven.DescriptorImpl.class)[0]

def isp = new InstallSourceProperty()
def autoInstaller = new Maven.MavenInstaller("3.5.3")
isp.installers.add(autoInstaller)

def proplist = new DescribableList<ToolProperty<?>, ToolPropertyDescriptor>()
proplist.add(isp)

def installation = new Maven.MavenInstallation("M3", "", proplist)
mavenDesc.setInstallations(installation)
mavenDesc.save()

default-user.groovy

#!groovy

import jenkins.model.Jenkins
import hudson.security.*

def jenkins = Jenkins.getInstance()
jenkins.setSecurityRealm(new HudsonPrivateSecurityRealm(false))
jenkins.setAuthorizationStrategy(new GlobalMatrixAuthorizationStrategy())

def env = System.getenv()
def user = jenkins.getSecurityRealm().createAccount(env.JENKINS_USER, env.JENKINS_PASS)
user.save()

jenkins.getAuthorizationStrategy().add(Jenkins.ADMINISTER, env.JENKINS_USER)
jenkins.save()

Dockerfile

FROM jenkins/jenkins:lts
LABEL maintainer "Gustavo Muniz do Carmo <gustavo@esign.com.br>"

ENV JAVA_OPTS="-Djenkins.install.runSetupWizard=false"

COPY config-maven.groovy /usr/share/jenkins/ref/init.groovy.d/
COPY config-sonarqube.groovy /usr/share/jenkins/ref/init.groovy.d/
COPY harden-jenkins.groovy /usr/share/jenkins/ref/init.groovy.d/

COPY default-user.groovy /usr/share/jenkins/ref/init.groovy.d/
ENV JENKINS_USER jenkins-admin
ENV JENKINS_PASS jenkins-admin-password

COPY plugins.txt /usr/share/jenkins/ref/
RUN /usr/local/bin/install-plugins.sh < /usr/share/jenkins/ref/plugins.txt

harden-jenkins.groovy

#!groovy

import jenkins.model.Jenkins
import jenkins.security.s2m.*
import hudson.security.csrf.DefaultCrumbIssuer

Jenkins jenkins = Jenkins.getInstance()

// CSRF protection
jenkins.setCrumbIssuer(new DefaultCrumbIssuer(true))

// Disable CLI remoting
jenkins.getDescriptor("jenkins.CLI").get().setEnabled(false)

// Enable Agent to master security subsystem
jenkins.injector.getInstance(AdminWhitelistRule.class).setMasterKillSwitch(false);

// Disable old Non-Encrypted protocols
HashSet<String> newProtocols = new HashSet<>(jenkins.getAgentProtocols());
newProtocols.removeAll(Arrays.asList("JNLP2-connect", "JNLP-connect"));
jenkins.setAgentProtocols(newProtocols);
jenkins.save()

jenkins-docker-build-and-run.yml

- hosts: jenkins
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
  - name: Copy files for custom Jenkins Docker image building
    copy:
      src: '{{item}}'
      dest: './{{item}}'
    loop:
      - Dockerfile
      - config-maven.groovy
      - harden-jenkins.groovy
      - default-user.groovy
      - plugins.txt
  - name: Build the custom Jenkins Docker image
    docker_image:
      path: ./
      name: custom/jenkins
  - name: Run Jenkins Docker image
    docker_container:
      name: jenkins
      image: custom/jenkins
      published_ports: 8080:8080

plugins.txt

ace-editor
ant
antisamy-markup-formatter
apache-httpcomponents-client-4-api
authentication-tokens
blueocean
blueocean-autofavorite
blueocean-bitbucket-pipeline
blueocean-commons
blueocean-config
blueocean-core-js
blueocean-dashboard
blueocean-display-url
blueocean-events
blueocean-git-pipeline
blueocean-github-pipeline
blueocean-i18n
blueocean-jira
blueocean-jwt
blueocean-personalization
blueocean-pipeline-api-impl
blueocean-pipeline-editor
blueocean-pipeline-scm-api
blueocean-rest
blueocean-rest-impl
blueocean-web
bouncycastle-api
branch-api
build-timeout
cloudbees-bitbucket-branch-source
cloudbees-folder
command-launcher
credentials
credentials-binding
display-url-api
docker-commons
docker-workflow
durable-task
email-ext
favorite
git
git-client
git-server
github
github-api
github-branch-source
gradle
handlebars
handy-uri-templates-2-api
htmlpublisher
jackson2-api
jenkins-design-language
jira
jquery-detached
jsch
junit
ldap
mailer
mapdb-api
matrix-auth
matrix-project
mercurial
momentjs
pam-auth
pipeline-build-step
pipeline-github-lib
pipeline-graph-analysis
pipeline-input-step
pipeline-milestone-step
pipeline-model-api
pipeline-model-declarative-agent
pipeline-model-definition
pipeline-model-extensions
pipeline-rest-api
pipeline-stage-step
pipeline-stage-tags-metadata
pipeline-stage-view
plain-credentials
pubsub-light
resource-disposer
scm-api
script-security
sonar
sse-gateway
ssh-credentials
ssh-slaves
structs
subversion
timestamper
token-macro
variant
workflow-aggregator
workflow-api
workflow-basic-steps
workflow-cps
workflow-cps-global-lib
workflow-durable-task-step
workflow-job
workflow-multibranch
workflow-scm-step
workflow-step-api
workflow-support
ws-cleanup