error-handling-and-mongoose-transaction.js

// Reference - https://mongoosejs.com/docs/transactions.html
// "mongoose": "^5.11.2"

const assert = require("assert")
const mongoose = require("mongoose")

const case1 = () => {
  // Expect Output:
  // >>> case 1 catch error error.message
  // >>> case1 finally

  const basicThrow = () => {
    throw new Error("Thrown from basicThrow()")
  }
  try {
    basicThrow()
  } catch (error) {
    console.error(">>> case 1 catch error ", error.message)
  } finally {
    console.log(">>> case1 finally")
  }
}

async function case2() {
  // Expect Output:
  // >>> case2 catch the async error `error.message`
  // >>> case2 finally
  const asyncThrow = async () => {
    throw new Error("Thrown from asyncThrow()")
  }
  try {
    await asyncThrow()
  } catch (error) {
    console.error(">>> case2 catch the async error", error.message)
  } finally {
    console.log(">>> case2 finally")
  }
}

// Case 3
// 3.1 error-throwing function - performTransaction

const performTransaction = async (executable) => {
  const session = await mongoose.startSession()
  session.startTransaction()
  try {
    await executable()
    // assert
    await session.commitTransaction()
  } catch (error) {
    await session.abortTransaction()
    throw error
  } finally {
    session.endSession()
  }
}

// 3.2 model definition and db-connection
const userSchema = new mongoose.Schema({ name: { type: String, required: true } })

const User = mongoose.model("User", userSchema)
module.exports["User"] = User
const goodUserDoc = { name: "jason" }
const badUserDoc = { typoName: "jason" }

const dbConnect = async () => {
  try {
    // Note that for security concern, this dbUrl is a fake one. 
    // Please create your own cluster and replace it with your connection URL.
    const dbUrl = "mongodb+srv://JasonDen:hello.jason.den@cluster0.jfkuk.mongodb.net/test?retryWrites=true&w=majority"
    await mongoose.connect(dbUrl, {
      useNewUrlParser: true,
      useUnifiedTopology: true,
      useCreateIndex: true,
      useFindAndModify: false,
    })
  } catch (err) {
    console.log("DB Connection Error", err)
  }
}
// 3.3
const case3_tests = () => {
  const sendEndHiringByHirerEmails = async (transactionTag) =>
    console.log(`${transactionTag} is successfully performed. So let's start sendEndHiringByHirerEmails`)

  const test0 = async () => {
    const t0_good = async () => {
      console.log("This is t0, no error here.")
    }
    try {
      await performTransaction(t0_good)
      await sendEndHiringByHirerEmails("t0_good")
    } catch (error) {
      console.log('catch the error inside "performTransaction(t0_good)"', error.message)
    }
  }

  const test1 = async () => {
    const t1_throw_immediately = async () => {
      throw new Error("Thrown from t1_throw_immediately()")
    }

    try {
      await performTransaction(t1_throw_immediately)
      await sendEndHiringByHirerEmails("t1_throw_immediately")
    } catch (error) {
      console.log('catch the error inside "performTransaction(t1_throw_immediately)"', error.message)
    }
  }

  const test2 = async () => {
    const t2_throw_by_DB = async () => {
      const newUser = await User.create({ name: "jason" })
      await newUser.save()

      // The following line will throw error. And I want the `newUser.save()` will be aborted
      const resultOfErrorOperation = await User.findOneAndUpdate(
        { _id: "An incorrect ID" },
        { email: "hello@world.com", name: "jason" },
      )
    }
    try {
      await performTransaction(t2_throw_by_DB)
      await sendEndHiringByHirerEmails("t2_throw_by_DB")
    } catch (error) {
      console.log('>>> test2 catch error inside "performTransaction(t2_throw_by_DB)" ---- \n ', error.message)
    } finally {
      assert.strictEqual(await User.countDocuments(), 1)
      console.log("test2 proves that performTransaction doesn't work. ")
      // Base on https://mongoosejs.com/docs/transactions.html I think
      // performTransaction is a failed attempt and cannot be fixed.
      await User.deleteMany()
      assert.strictEqual(await User.countDocuments(), 0)
    }
  }

  const test3 = async () => {
    await User.deleteMany()
    assert.strictEqual(await User.countDocuments(), 0)
    console.log(">>> test3 start; User collection is empty.")
    let newUser
    let newUser2
    const session = await mongoose.startSession()
    session.startTransaction()
    try {
      newUser = await User.create([goodUserDoc], { session }) // NOTE: pass docs as array
      newUser2 = await User.create([badUserDoc], { session })
      await session.commitTransaction()
    } catch (error) {
      await session.abortTransaction()

      return
    } finally {
      assert.strictEqual(await User.countDocuments(), 0)
      console.log(">>> test3 - fanally - transaction failed. ")
      console.log(">>> assert.strictEqual(await User.countDocuments(), 0)")
      session.endSession()
    }
    // NOTE: In this block, the failed transaction `return` in catch, so the following line would not be reached
    console.log(">>> test3 - after try/catch, here is the user: ", newUser, newUser2)
  }
  const test4 = async () => {
    await User.deleteMany()
    assert.strictEqual(await User.countDocuments(), 0)
    console.log(">>> test4 - start User collection is empty.")

    let newUser
    const session = await mongoose.startSession()
    session.startTransaction()
    try {
      newUser = await User.create([goodUserDoc], { session })
      await session.commitTransaction()
    } catch (error) {
      await session.abortTransaction()
      return
    } finally {
      session.endSession()
      assert.strictEqual(await User.countDocuments(), 1)
      console.log(">>> test4 - fanally - User creation transaction is successful. ")
      console.log(">>> assert.strictEqual(await User.countDocuments(), 1)")
    }
    console.log(">>> test4 - after try/catch, here is the user: ", newUser)
  }
  return { test0, test1, test2, test3, test4 }
}

const case3 = async () => {
  await dbConnect()
  const { test0, test1, test2, test3, test4 } = case3_tests()
  await test3()
  await test4()
}

// case1()
// case2()
case3()

Note that for security concern, the dbUrl is a fake one. Please create your own cluster and replace it with your connection URL.
const dbUrl = "mongodb+srv://JasonDen:hello.jason.den@cluster0.jfkuk.mongodb.net/test?retryWrites=true&w=majority"