maths.py

import sys


def sqrt(number):
    if number < 0:
        raise Exception('Input to sqrt must be a positive number')

    if number == 0:
        return 0;

    g = number/2.0;
    g2 = g + 1;
    while g != g2:
        n = number/ g;
        g2 = g;
        g = (g + n)/2;

    return g;


def factorial(number):
    if not isinstance(number, int) or number < 0:
        raise Exception("The input must be a positive integer")

    if number == 0:
        return 0

    f = 1

    for i in range(1, number+1):
        f = f * i

    return f
    
    
def floor(number):
    return number - (number % 1)


def ceiling(number):
    remainder = number % 1

    if remainder == 0:
        return number

    return number - remainder + 1


def main():
    func = sys.argv[1]
    number = float(sys.argv[2])

    if func == 'sqrt':
        print('The square root of ', number, ' = ', sqrt(number))

    if func == 'factorial':
        print(int(number), ' factorial = ', factorial(int(number)))

    if func == 'ceiling':
        print('The ceiling of ', number, ' = ', ceiling(number))

    if func == 'floor':
        print('The floor of ', number, ' = ', floor(number))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()