jeffhussmann/activity_2_tools

## activity_2_tools
{
 "metadata": {
  "name": "dictionaries"
 },
 "nbformat": 3,
 "nbformat_minor": 0,
 "worksheets": [
  {
   "cells": [
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "Dictionaries"
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "Use curly brackets to make an empty dictionary."
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": "institutions = {}",
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [],
     "prompt_number": 1
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "Use square brackets to assign a value to a key or to retrive the value of an existing key."
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": "institutions['Sasha'] = 'OIST'\ninstitutions['Jeff'] = 'UT'\ninstitutions['Erica'] = 'UConn'\n\nprint institutions['Sasha']",
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": "OIST\n"
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 2
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "Trying to retrive the value of a non-existent key causes an error. "
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": "institutions['Greg']",
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "ename": "KeyError",
       "evalue": "'Greg'",
       "output_type": "pyerr",
       "traceback": [
        "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mKeyError\u001b[0m                                  Traceback (most recent call last)",
        "\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-3-e24c441ac8c4>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 1\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0minstitutions\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m[\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m'Greg'\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m]\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
        "\u001b[1;31mKeyError\u001b[0m: 'Greg'"
       ]
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 3
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "You can check if a key is in the dictionary yet."
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": "'Erica' in institutions",
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 4,
       "text": "True"
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 4
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": "'Alex' in institutions",
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 5,
       "text": "False"
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 5
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "You can use this to build logic that handles keys that haven't been seen yet in an appropriate way."
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": "for name in ['Jeff', 'Greg', 'Sasha']:\n    if name in institutions:\n        print 'I know where {0} is from.'.format(name)\n    else:\n        print 'I do not know where {0} is from yet.'.format(name)",
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": "I know where Jeff is from.\nI do not know where Greg is from yet.\nI know where Sasha is from.\n"
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 6
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "Max"
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "The `max()` function finds the biggest element in a list."
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": "some_numbers = [3, 16, 2, 4, 7]\n\nprint max(some_numbers)",
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": "16\n"
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 7
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "If you want 'biggest' to be defined in a special way, you can provide a function called a key as an extra argument to `max()`. Each element in the list will be passed through the key function and the element which produces the largest value of the key will be returned by `max()`."
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": "names = ['Jeff', 'Erica', 'Greg']\nlongest_name = max(names, key=len)\nprint longest_name",
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "stream",
       "stream": "stdout",
       "text": "Erica\n"
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 8
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "heading",
     "level": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "Plotting"
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "markdown",
     "metadata": {},
     "source": "The `matplotlib` plotting library is imported by default on the server under the name `plt`.\n\n`plt.plot()` plots (x coordinate, y coordinate) pairs."
    },
    {
     "cell_type": "code",
     "collapsed": false,
     "input": "xs = [-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3]\nys = [9, 4, 1, 0, 1, 4, 9]\n\nplt.plot(xs, ys, 'o-')",
     "language": "python",
     "metadata": {},
     "outputs": [
      {
       "output_type": "pyout",
       "prompt_number": 9,
       "text": "[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0xa188dec>]"
      },
      {
       "output_type": "display_data",
       "png": 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zBpGRkZg0aZLW5Sjq3LlzuHDhAgDg6tWryMvLc90vldgrOWjQICkqKkqKiYmR\nBg4cKJ05c0aJp9WFjh07Su3bt5diY2Ol2NhYafz48VqXpKjVq1dLYWFhUkhIiNSqVSupb9++Wpek\niHXr1kmdOnWSwsPDpTlz5mhdjqKGDBkitWnTRqpfv74UFhYmLVu2TOuSFLVlyxYpICBAiomJqfq5\n+/rrr7UuSxG7d++W4uLipJiYGCk6Olp64403XD7ep4kqRETkPwaYG0FEZE1s0EREOsUGTUSkU2zQ\nREQ6xQZNRKRTbNBERDr1/7EnYo4AwkqOAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC\n"
      }
     ],
     "prompt_number": 9
    }
   ],
   "metadata": {}
  }
 ]
}
	{
	"metadata": {
	"name": "dictionaries"
	},
	"nbformat": 3,
	"nbformat_minor": 0,
	"worksheets": [
	{
	"cells": [
	{
	"cell_type": "heading",
	"level": 3,
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "Dictionaries"
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "markdown",
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "Use curly brackets to make an empty dictionary."
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "code",
	"collapsed": false,
	"input": "institutions = {}",
	"language": "python",
	"metadata": {},
	"outputs": [],
	"prompt_number": 1
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "markdown",
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "Use square brackets to assign a value to a key or to retrive the value of an existing key."
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "code",
	"collapsed": false,
	"input": "institutions['Sasha'] = 'OIST'\ninstitutions['Jeff'] = 'UT'\ninstitutions['Erica'] = 'UConn'\n\nprint institutions['Sasha']",
	"language": "python",
	"metadata": {},
	"outputs": [
	{
	"output_type": "stream",
	"stream": "stdout",
	"text": "OIST\n"
	}
	],
	"prompt_number": 2
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "markdown",
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "Trying to retrive the value of a non-existent key causes an error. "
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "code",
	"collapsed": false,
	"input": "institutions['Greg']",
	"language": "python",
	"metadata": {},
	"outputs": [
	{
	"ename": "KeyError",
	"evalue": "'Greg'",
	"output_type": "pyerr",
	"traceback": [
	"\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mKeyError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
	"\u001b[1;32m<ipython-input-3-e24c441ac8c4>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 1\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0minstitutions\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m[\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m'Greg'\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m]\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
	"\u001b[1;31mKeyError\u001b[0m: 'Greg'"
	]
	}
	],
	"prompt_number": 3
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "markdown",
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "You can check if a key is in the dictionary yet."
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "code",
	"collapsed": false,
	"input": "'Erica' in institutions",
	"language": "python",
	"metadata": {},
	"outputs": [
	{
	"output_type": "pyout",
	"prompt_number": 4,
	"text": "True"
	}
	],
	"prompt_number": 4
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "code",
	"collapsed": false,
	"input": "'Alex' in institutions",
	"language": "python",
	"metadata": {},
	"outputs": [
	{
	"output_type": "pyout",
	"prompt_number": 5,
	"text": "False"
	}
	],
	"prompt_number": 5
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "markdown",
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "You can use this to build logic that handles keys that haven't been seen yet in an appropriate way."
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "code",
	"collapsed": false,
	"input": "for name in ['Jeff', 'Greg', 'Sasha']:\n if name in institutions:\n print 'I know where {0} is from.'.format(name)\n else:\n print 'I do not know where {0} is from yet.'.format(name)",
	"language": "python",
	"metadata": {},
	"outputs": [
	{
	"output_type": "stream",
	"stream": "stdout",
	"text": "I know where Jeff is from.\nI do not know where Greg is from yet.\nI know where Sasha is from.\n"
	}
	],
	"prompt_number": 6
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "heading",
	"level": 3,
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "Max"
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "markdown",
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "The `max()` function finds the biggest element in a list."
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "code",
	"collapsed": false,
	"input": "some_numbers = [3, 16, 2, 4, 7]\n\nprint max(some_numbers)",
	"language": "python",
	"metadata": {},
	"outputs": [
	{
	"output_type": "stream",
	"stream": "stdout",
	"text": "16\n"
	}
	],
	"prompt_number": 7
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "markdown",
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "If you want 'biggest' to be defined in a special way, you can provide a function called a key as an extra argument to `max()`. Each element in the list will be passed through the key function and the element which produces the largest value of the key will be returned by `max()`."
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "code",
	"collapsed": false,
	"input": "names = ['Jeff', 'Erica', 'Greg']\nlongest_name = max(names, key=len)\nprint longest_name",
	"language": "python",
	"metadata": {},
	"outputs": [
	{
	"output_type": "stream",
	"stream": "stdout",
	"text": "Erica\n"
	}
	],
	"prompt_number": 8
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "heading",
	"level": 3,
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "Plotting"
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "markdown",
	"metadata": {},
	"source": "The `matplotlib` plotting library is imported by default on the server under the name `plt`.\n\n`plt.plot()` plots (x coordinate, y coordinate) pairs."
	},
	{
	"cell_type": "code",
	"collapsed": false,
	"input": "xs = [-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3]\nys = [9, 4, 1, 0, 1, 4, 9]\n\nplt.plot(xs, ys, 'o-')",
	"language": "python",
	"metadata": {},
	"outputs": [
	{
	"output_type": "pyout",
	"prompt_number": 9,
	"text": "[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0xa188dec>]"
	},
	{
	"output_type": "display_data",
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	}
	],
	"prompt_number": 9
	}
	],
	"metadata": {}
	}
	]
	}