Common `import.meta.url` use cases

filename-and-dirname.js

import { fileURLToPath } from "url";
import { dirname } from "path";

const __filename = fileURLToPath(import.meta.url);
const __dirname = dirname(__filename);

importing-relative-file.js

const config = await import(new URL("config.js", import.meta.url));

reading-relative-file.js

import { readFile } from "fs/promises";

const fileUrl = new URL('./package.json', import.meta.url);
const fileContents = await readFile(fileUrl, { encoding: 'utf8' });