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\documentclass[a4paper,titlepage]{tufte-handout}\usepackage[]{graphicx}\usepackage[]{color} |
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%% maxwidth is the original width if it is less than linewidth |
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%% otherwise use linewidth (to make sure the graphics do not exceed the margin) |
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\makeatletter |
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\def\maxwidth{ % |
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\ifdim\Gin@nat@width>\linewidth |
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\linewidth |
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\else |
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\Gin@nat@width |
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\fi |
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} |
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\makeatother |
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\definecolor{fgcolor}{rgb}{0.2, 0.2, 0.2} |
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\newcommand{\hlnumber}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0,0,0}{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlfunctioncall}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0.501960784313725,0,0.329411764705882}{\textbf{#1}}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlstring}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0.6,0.6,1}{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlkeyword}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0,0,0}{\textbf{#1}}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlargument}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0.690196078431373,0.250980392156863,0.0196078431372549}{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlcomment}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0.180392156862745,0.6,0.341176470588235}{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlroxygencomment}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0.43921568627451,0.47843137254902,0.701960784313725}{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlformalargs}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0.690196078431373,0.250980392156863,0.0196078431372549}{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hleqformalargs}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0.690196078431373,0.250980392156863,0.0196078431372549}{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlassignement}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0,0,0}{\textbf{#1}}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlpackage}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0.588235294117647,0.709803921568627,0.145098039215686}{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlslot}[1]{\textit{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlsymbol}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0,0,0}{#1}}% |
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\newcommand{\hlprompt}[1]{\textcolor[rgb]{0.2,0.2,0.2}{#1}}% |
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\usepackage{framed} |
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\makeatletter |
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\newenvironment{kframe}{% |
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\def\at@end@of@kframe{}% |
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\ifinner\ifhmode% |
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\def\at@end@of@kframe{\end{minipage}}% |
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\begin{minipage}{\columnwidth}% |
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\fi\fi% |
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\def\FrameCommand##1{\hskip\@totalleftmargin \hskip-\fboxsep |
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\colorbox{shadecolor}{##1}\hskip-\fboxsep |
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% There is no \\@totalrightmargin, so: |
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\hskip-\linewidth \hskip-\@totalleftmargin \hskip\columnwidth}% |
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\MakeFramed {\advance\hsize-\width |
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\@totalleftmargin\z@ \linewidth\hsize |
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\@setminipage}}% |
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{\par\unskip\endMakeFramed% |
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\at@end@of@kframe} |
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\makeatother |
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\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{.97, .97, .97} |
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\definecolor{messagecolor}{rgb}{0, 0, 0} |
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\definecolor{warningcolor}{rgb}{1, 0, 1} |
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\definecolor{errorcolor}{rgb}{1, 0, 0} |
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\newenvironment{knitrout}{}{} % an empty environment to be redefined in TeX |
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\usepackage{alltt} |
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\title{ggplot2 Gallery} |
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\IfFileExists{upquote.sty}{\usepackage{upquote}}{} |
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\begin{document} |
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\maketitle |
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\tableofcontents |
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% all geoms in ggplot2 |
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\section{geom\_abline} |
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\begin{knitrout} |
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\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
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\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{### Name: geom_abline} |
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\hlcomment{### Title: Line specified by slope and intercept.} |
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\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_abline} |
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\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
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p <- \hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data = mtcars) |
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\hlcomment{# Fixed slopes and intercepts} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}() \hlcomment{# Can't see it - outside the range of the data} |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline1} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}(intercept = 20) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline2} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Calculate slope and intercept of line of best fit} |
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\hlfunctioncall{coef}(\hlfunctioncall{lm}(mpg ~ wt, data = mtcars)) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\begin{verbatim} |
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## (Intercept) wt |
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## 37.285 -5.344 |
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\end{verbatim} |
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\begin{alltt} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}(intercept = 37, slope = -5) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline3} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}(intercept = 10, colour = \hlstring{"red"}, size = 2) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline4} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# See ?stat_smooth for fitting smooth models to data} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{stat_smooth}(method=\hlstring{"lm"}, se=FALSE) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline5} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Slopes and intercepts as data} |
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p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = wt, y=mpg), . ~ cyl) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
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df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(a=\hlfunctioncall{rnorm}(10, 25), b=\hlfunctioncall{rnorm}(10, 0)) |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(intercept=a, slope=b), data=df) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline6} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Slopes and intercepts from linear model} |
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\hlfunctioncall{library}(plyr) |
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coefs <- \hlfunctioncall{ddply}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{.}(cyl), \hlfunctioncall{function}(df) \{ |
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m <- \hlfunctioncall{lm}(mpg ~ wt, data=df) |
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\hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(a = \hlfunctioncall{coef}(m)[1], b = \hlfunctioncall{coef}(m)[2]) |
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\}) |
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\hlfunctioncall{str}(coefs) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\begin{verbatim} |
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## 'data.frame': 3 obs. of 3 variables: |
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## $ cyl: num 4 6 8 |
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## $ a : num 39.6 28.4 23.9 |
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## $ b : num -5.65 -2.78 -2.19 |
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\end{verbatim} |
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\begin{alltt} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}(data=coefs, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(intercept=a, slope=b)) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline7} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# It's actually a bit easier to do this with stat_smooth} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_smooth}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(group=cyl), method=\hlstring{"lm"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline8} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_smooth}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(group=cyl), method=\hlstring{"lm"}, fullrange=TRUE) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline9} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# With coordinate transforms} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}(intercept = 37, slope = -5) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline10} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}(intercept = 37, slope = -5) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_polar}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_abline11} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\end{knitrout} |
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\section{geom\_area} |
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\begin{knitrout} |
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\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
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\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{### Name: geom_area} |
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\hlcomment{### Title: Area plot.} |
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\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_area} |
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\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
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\hlcomment{# see geom_ribbon} |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\end{knitrout} |
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\section{geom\_bar} |
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\begin{knitrout} |
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\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
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\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{### Name: geom_bar} |
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\hlcomment{### Title: Bars, rectangles with bases on x-axis} |
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\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_bar} |
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\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
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\hlcomment{## No test: } |
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\hlcomment{# Generate data} |
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c <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) |
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c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar1} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}(width=.5) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar2} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar3} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}(fill=\hlstring{"white"}, colour=\hlstring{"darkgreen"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar4} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Use qplot} |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), data=mtcars, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar5} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), data=mtcars, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}, fill=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl)) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar6} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Stacked bar charts} |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), data=mtcars, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}, fill=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(vs)) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar7} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), data=mtcars, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}, fill=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(gear)) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar8} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Stacked bar charts are easy in ggplot2, but not effective visually,} |
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\hlcomment{# particularly when there are many different things being stacked} |
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\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(clarity, fill=cut)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar9} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(color, fill=cut)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar10} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Faceting is a good alternative:} |
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\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(clarity)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() + |
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\hlfunctioncall{facet_wrap}(~ cut) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar11} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# If the x axis is ordered, using a line instead of bars is another} |
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\hlcomment{# possibility:} |
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\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(clarity)) + |
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\hlfunctioncall{geom_freqpoly}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(group = cut, colour = cut)) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar12} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Dodged bar charts} |
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\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(clarity, fill=cut)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}(position=\hlstring{"dodge"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar13} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# compare with} |
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\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(cut, fill=cut)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() + |
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\hlfunctioncall{facet_grid}(. ~ clarity) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar14} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# But again, probably better to use frequency polygons instead:} |
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\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(clarity, colour=cut)) + |
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\hlfunctioncall{geom_freqpoly}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(group = cut)) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar15} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Often we don't want the height of the bar to represent the} |
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\hlcomment{# count of observations, but the sum of some other variable.} |
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\hlcomment{# For example, the following plot shows the number of diamonds} |
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\hlcomment{# of each colour} |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(color, data=diamonds, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar16} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# If, however, we want to see the total number of carats in each colour} |
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\hlcomment{# we need to weight by the carat variable} |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(color, data=diamonds, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}, weight=carat, ylab=\hlstring{"carat"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar17} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# A bar chart used to display means} |
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meanprice <- \hlfunctioncall{tapply}(diamonds$price, diamonds$cut, mean) |
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cut <- \hlfunctioncall{factor}(\hlfunctioncall{levels}(diamonds$cut), levels = \hlfunctioncall{levels}(diamonds$cut)) |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(cut, meanprice) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar18} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(cut, meanprice, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}, stat=\hlstring{"identity"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar19} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(cut, meanprice, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}, stat=\hlstring{"identity"}, fill = \hlfunctioncall{I}(\hlstring{"grey50"})) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar20} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Another stacked bar chart example} |
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k <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mpg, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(manufacturer, fill=class)) |
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k + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar21} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# Use scales to change aesthetics defaults} |
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k + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() + \hlfunctioncall{scale_fill_brewer}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar22} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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k + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() + \hlfunctioncall{scale_fill_grey}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar23} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# To change plot order of class varible} |
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\hlcomment{# use factor() to change order of levels} |
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mpg$class <- \hlfunctioncall{factor}(mpg$class, levels = \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"midsize"}, \hlstring{"minivan"}, |
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\hlstring{"suv"}, \hlstring{"compact"}, \hlstring{"2seater"}, \hlstring{"subcompact"}, \hlstring{"pickup"})) |
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m <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mpg, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(manufacturer, fill=class)) |
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m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bar24} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\end{knitrout} |
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\section{geom\_bin2d} |
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\begin{knitrout} |
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\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
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\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{### Name: geom_bin2d} |
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\hlcomment{### Title: Add heatmap of 2d bin counts.} |
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\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_bin2d} |
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\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
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d <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = x, y = y)) + \hlfunctioncall{xlim}(4,10) + \hlfunctioncall{ylim}(4,10) |
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d + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bin2d}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bin2d1} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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d + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bin2d}(binwidth = \hlfunctioncall{c}(0.1, 0.1)) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_bin2d2} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{# See ?stat_bin2d for more examples} |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\end{knitrout} |
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\section{geom\_blank} |
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\begin{knitrout} |
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\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
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\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{### Name: geom_blank} |
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\hlcomment{### Title: Blank, draws nothing.} |
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\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_blank} |
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|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(length, rating, data = movies, geom = \hlstring{"blank"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_blank1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Nothing to see here!} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Take the following scatter plot} |
|
a <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = wt, y = mpg), . ~ cyl) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
|
\hlcomment{# Add to that some lines with geom_abline()} |
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(a = \hlfunctioncall{rnorm}(10, 25), b = \hlfunctioncall{rnorm}(10, 0)) |
|
a + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(intercept = a, slope = b), data = df) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_blank2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Suppose you then wanted to remove the geom_point layer} |
|
\hlcomment{# If you just remove geom_point, you will get an error} |
|
b <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = wt, y = mpg)) |
|
\hlcomment{## Not run: b + geom_abline(aes(intercept = a, slope = b), data = df)} |
|
\hlcomment{# Switching to geom_blank() gets the desired plot} |
|
c <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = wt, y = mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_blank}() |
|
c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_abline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(intercept = a, slope = b), data = df) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_blank3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_boxplot} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_boxplot} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Box and whiskers plot.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_boxplot} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{## No test: } |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), mpg)) |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), mpg, data = mtcars, geom = \hlstring{"boxplot"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}() + \hlfunctioncall{geom_jitter}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), mpg, data = mtcars, geom = \hlstring{"boxplot"}) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(notch = TRUE) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: notch went outside hinges. Try setting notch=FALSE.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: notch went outside hinges. Try setting notch=FALSE.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(notch = TRUE, notchwidth = .3) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: notch went outside hinges. Try setting notch=FALSE.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: notch went outside hinges. Try setting notch=FALSE.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(outlier.colour = \hlstring{"green"}, outlier.size = 3) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
\hlcomment{# Note that boxplots are automatically dodged when any aesthetic is} |
|
\hlcomment{# a factor} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = cyl)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot10} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(vs))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot11} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(am))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot12} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Set aesthetics to fixed value} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(fill = \hlstring{"grey80"}, colour = \hlstring{"#3366FF"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot13} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), mpg, data = mtcars, geom = \hlstring{"boxplot"}, |
|
colour = \hlfunctioncall{I}(\hlstring{"#3366FF"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot14} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Scales vs. coordinate transforms -------} |
|
\hlcomment{# Scale transformations occur before the boxplot statistics are computed.} |
|
\hlcomment{# Coordinate transformations occur afterwards. Observe the effect on the} |
|
\hlcomment{# number of outliers.} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(plyr) \hlcomment{# to access round_any} |
|
m <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(movies, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(y = votes, x = rating, |
|
group = \hlfunctioncall{round_any}(rating, 0.5))) |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot15} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}() + \hlfunctioncall{scale_y_log10}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot16} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_trans}(y = \hlstring{"log10"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot17} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}() + \hlfunctioncall{scale_y_log10}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_trans}(y = \hlstring{"log10"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot18} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Boxplots with continuous x:} |
|
\hlcomment{# Use the group aesthetic to group observations in boxplots} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(year, budget, data = movies, geom = \hlstring{"boxplot"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 53573 rows containing non-finite values (stat\_boxplot).}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot19} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(year, budget, data = movies, geom = \hlstring{"boxplot"}, |
|
group = \hlfunctioncall{round_any}(year, 10, floor)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 53573 rows containing non-finite values (stat\_boxplot).}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot20} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Using precomputed statistics} |
|
\hlcomment{# generate sample data} |
|
abc <- \hlfunctioncall{adply}(\hlfunctioncall{matrix}(\hlfunctioncall{rnorm}(100), ncol = 5), 2, quantile, \hlfunctioncall{c}(0, .25, .5, .75, 1)) |
|
b <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(abc, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = X1, ymin = `0%`, lower = `25%`, middle = `50%`, upper = `75%`, ymax = `100%`)) |
|
b + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(stat = \hlstring{"identity"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot21} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
b + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(stat = \hlstring{"identity"}) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot22} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
b + \hlfunctioncall{geom_boxplot}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = X1), stat = \hlstring{"identity"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_boxplot23} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_contour} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_contour} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Display contours of a 3d surface in 2d.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_contour} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# See stat_contour for examples} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_crossbar} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_crossbar} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Hollow bar with middle indicated by horizontal line.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_crossbar} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# See geom_linerange for examples} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_density} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_density} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Display a smooth density estimate.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_density} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# See stat_density for examples} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_density2d} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_density2d} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Contours from a 2d density estimate.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_density2d} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# See stat_density2d for examples} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_dotplot} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_dotplot} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Dot plot} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_dotplot} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bindot: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binwidth = 1.5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use fixed-width bins} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = mpg)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(method=\hlstring{"histodot"}, binwidth = 1.5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Some other stacking methods} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = mpg)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binwidth = 1.5, stackdir = \hlstring{"center"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = mpg)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binwidth = 1.5, stackdir = \hlstring{"centerwhole"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# y axis isn't really meaningful, so hide it} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binwidth = 1.5) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{scale_y_continuous}(name = \hlstring{""}, breaks = NA) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: breaks = NA is deprecated. Please use breaks = NULL to remove breaks in the scale.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Overlap dots vertically} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binwidth = 1.5, stackratio = .7) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Expand dot diameter} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x =mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binwidth = 1.5, dotsize = 1.25) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Examples with stacking along y axis instead of x} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = 1, y = mpg)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binaxis = \hlstring{"y"}, stackdir = \hlstring{"center"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bindot: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), y = mpg)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binaxis = \hlstring{"y"}, stackdir = \hlstring{"center"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bindot: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot10} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), y = mpg)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binaxis = \hlstring{"y"}, stackdir = \hlstring{"centerwhole"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bindot: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot11} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(vs), fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), y = mpg)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binaxis = \hlstring{"y"}, stackdir = \hlstring{"center"}, position = \hlstring{"dodge"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bindot: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot12} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# binpositions="all" ensures that the bins are aligned between groups} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(am), y = mpg)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binaxis = \hlstring{"y"}, stackdir = \hlstring{"center"}, binpositions=\hlstring{"all"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bindot: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot13} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Stacking multiple groups, with different fill} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = mpg, fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(stackgroups = TRUE, binwidth = 1, binpositions = \hlstring{"all"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot14} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = mpg, fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(stackgroups = TRUE, binwidth = 1, method = \hlstring{"histodot"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot15} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = 1, y = mpg, fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_dotplot}(binaxis = \hlstring{"y"}, stackgroups = TRUE, binwidth = 1, method = \hlstring{"histodot"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_dotplot16} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_errorbar} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_errorbar} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Error bars.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_errorbar} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Create a simple example dataset} |
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
trt = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 1, 2, 2)), |
|
resp = \hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 5, 3, 4), |
|
group = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 2, 1, 2)), |
|
se = \hlfunctioncall{c}(0.1, 0.3, 0.3, 0.2) |
|
) |
|
df2 <- df[\hlfunctioncall{c}(1,3),] |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Define the top and bottom of the errorbars} |
|
limits <- \hlfunctioncall{aes}(ymax = resp + se, ymin=resp - se) |
|
|
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(df, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill=group, y=resp, x=trt)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}(position=\hlstring{"dodge"}, stat=\hlstring{"identity"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbar1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Because the bars and errorbars have different widths} |
|
\hlcomment{# we need to specify how wide the objects we are dodging are} |
|
dodge <- \hlfunctioncall{position_dodge}(width=0.9) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}(position=dodge) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_errorbar}(limits, position=dodge, width=0.25) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbar2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(df2, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill=group, y=resp, x=trt)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}(position=dodge) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbar3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}(position=dodge) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_errorbar}(limits, position=dodge, width=0.25) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbar4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(df, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour=group, y=resp, x=trt)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() + \hlfunctioncall{geom_errorbar}(limits, width=0.2) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbar5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_pointrange}(limits) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbar6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_crossbar}(limits, width=0.2) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbar7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# If we want to draw lines, we need to manually set the} |
|
\hlcomment{# groups which define the lines - here the groups in the} |
|
\hlcomment{# original dataframe} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(group=group)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_errorbar}(limits, width=0.2) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbar8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_errorbarh} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_errorbarh} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Horizontal error bars} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_errorbarh} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
trt = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 1, 2, 2)), |
|
resp = \hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 5, 3, 4), |
|
group = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 2, 1, 2)), |
|
se = \hlfunctioncall{c}(0.1, 0.3, 0.3, 0.2) |
|
) |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Define the top and bottom of the errorbars} |
|
|
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(df, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(resp, trt, colour = group)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_errorbarh}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(xmax = resp + se, xmin = resp - se)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbarh1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_errorbarh}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(xmax = resp + se, xmin = resp - se, height = .2)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_errorbarh2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_freqpoly} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_freqpoly} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Frequency polygon.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_freqpoly} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(carat, data = diamonds, geom = \hlstring{"freqpoly"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_freqpoly1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(carat, data = diamonds, geom = \hlstring{"freqpoly"}, binwidth = 0.1) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_freqpoly2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(carat, data = diamonds, geom = \hlstring{"freqpoly"}, binwidth = 0.01) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_freqpoly3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(price, data = diamonds, geom = \hlstring{"freqpoly"}, binwidth = 1000) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_freqpoly4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(price, data = diamonds, geom = \hlstring{"freqpoly"}, binwidth = 1000, |
|
colour = color) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_freqpoly5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(price, ..density.., data = diamonds, geom = \hlstring{"freqpoly"}, |
|
binwidth = 1000, colour = color) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_freqpoly6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_hex} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_hex} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Hexagon bining.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_hex} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# See ?stat_binhex for examples} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_histogram} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_histogram} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Histogram} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_histogram} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{## No test: } |
|
\hlfunctioncall{set.seed}(5689) |
|
movies <- movies[\hlfunctioncall{sample}(\hlfunctioncall{nrow}(movies), 1000), ] |
|
\hlcomment{# Simple examples} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(rating, data=movies, geom=\hlstring{"histogram"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(rating, data=movies, weight=votes, geom=\hlstring{"histogram"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(rating, data=movies, weight=votes, geom=\hlstring{"histogram"}, binwidth=1) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(rating, data=movies, weight=votes, geom=\hlstring{"histogram"}, binwidth=0.1) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# More complex} |
|
m <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(movies, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=rating)) |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(y = ..density..)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_density}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(binwidth = 1) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(binwidth = 0.5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(binwidth = 0.1) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(weight = votes)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram10} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(y = ..count..)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram11} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = ..count..)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram12} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Change scales} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = ..count..)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{scale_fill_gradient}(\hlstring{"Count"}, low = \hlstring{"green"}, high = \hlstring{"red"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram13} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Often we don't want the height of the bar to represent the} |
|
\hlcomment{# count of observations, but the sum of some other variable.} |
|
\hlcomment{# For example, the following plot shows the number of movies} |
|
\hlcomment{# in each rating.} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(rating, data=movies, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}, binwidth = 0.1) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram14} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# If, however, we want to see the number of votes cast in each} |
|
\hlcomment{# category, we need to weight by the votes variable} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(rating, data=movies, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}, binwidth = 0.1, |
|
weight=votes, ylab = \hlstring{"votes"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_stack requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram15} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
m <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(movies, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = votes)) |
|
\hlcomment{# For transformed scales, binwidth applies to the transformed data.} |
|
\hlcomment{# The bins have constant width on the transformed scale.} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}() + \hlfunctioncall{scale_x_log10}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram16} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(binwidth = 1) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_x_log10}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram17} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}() + \hlfunctioncall{scale_x_sqrt}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram18} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(binwidth = 10) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_x_sqrt}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram19} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# For transformed coordinate systems, the binwidth applies to the} |
|
\hlcomment{# raw data. The bins have constant width on the original scale.} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Using log scales does not work here, because the first} |
|
\hlcomment{# bar is anchored at zero, and so when transformed becomes negative} |
|
\hlcomment{# infinity. This is not a problem when transforming the scales, because} |
|
\hlcomment{# no observations have 0 ratings.} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(origin = 0) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_trans}(x = \hlstring{"log10"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram20} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Use origin = 0, to make sure we don't take sqrt of negative values} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(origin = 0) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_trans}(x = \hlstring{"sqrt"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram21} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(origin = 0, binwidth = 1000) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_trans}(x = \hlstring{"sqrt"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram22} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# You can also transform the y axis. Remember that the base of the bars} |
|
\hlcomment{# has value 0, so log transformations are not appropriate} |
|
m <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(movies, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = rating)) |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(binwidth = 0.5) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_y_sqrt}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram23} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(binwidth = 0.5) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_y_reverse}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Stacking not well defined when ymin != 0}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram24} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Set aesthetics to fixed value} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(colour = \hlstring{"darkgreen"}, fill = \hlstring{"white"}, binwidth = 0.5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram25} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use facets} |
|
m <- m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_histogram}(binwidth = 0.5) |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{facet_grid}(Action ~ Comedy) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram26} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Often more useful to use density on the y axis when facetting} |
|
m <- m + \hlfunctioncall{aes}(y = ..density..) |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{facet_grid}(Action ~ Comedy) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram27} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{facet_wrap}(~ mpaa) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram28} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Multiple histograms on the same graph} |
|
\hlcomment{# see ?position, ?position_fill, etc for more details.} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{set.seed}(6298) |
|
diamonds_small <- diamonds[\hlfunctioncall{sample}(\hlfunctioncall{nrow}(diamonds), 1000), ] |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds_small, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=price)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram29} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
hist_cut <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds_small, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=price, fill=cut)) |
|
hist_cut + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}() \hlcomment{# defaults to stacking} |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram30} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
hist_cut + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}(position=\hlstring{"fill"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram31} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
hist_cut + \hlfunctioncall{geom_bar}(position=\hlstring{"dodge"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# stat\_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram32} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# This is easy in ggplot2, but not visually effective. It's better} |
|
\hlcomment{# to use a frequency polygon or density plot. Like this:} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds_small, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(price, ..density.., colour = cut)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_freqpoly}(binwidth = 1000) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram33} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Or this:} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds_small, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(price, colour = cut)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_density}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram34} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Or if you want to be fancy, maybe even this:} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds_small, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(price, fill = cut)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_density}(alpha = 0.2) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram35} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Which looks better when the distributions are more distinct} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds_small, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(depth, fill = cut)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_density}(alpha = 0.2) + \hlfunctioncall{xlim}(55, 70) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 2 rows containing non-finite values (stat\_density).}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_histogram36} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_hline} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_hline} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Horizontal line.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_hline} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = wt, y=mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_hline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(yintercept=mpg)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_hline1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_hline}(yintercept=20) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_hline2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_hline}(yintercept=\hlfunctioncall{seq}(10, 30, by=5)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_hline3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# With coordinate transforms} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_hline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(yintercept=mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_equal}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_hline4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_hline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(yintercept=mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_hline5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_hline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(yintercept=mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_polar}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_hline6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# To display different lines in different facets, you need to} |
|
\hlcomment{# create a data frame.} |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{qplot}(mpg, wt, data=mtcars, facets = vs ~ am) |
|
|
|
hline.data <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(z = 1:4, vs = \hlfunctioncall{c}(0,0,1,1), am = \hlfunctioncall{c}(0,1,0,1)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_hline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(yintercept = z), hline.data) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_hline7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_jitter} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_jitter} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Points, jittered to reduce overplotting.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_jitter} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mpg, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(displ, hwy)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_jitter1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(position = \hlstring{"jitter"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_jitter2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_jitter}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = cyl)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_jitter3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Vary parameters} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_jitter}(position = \hlfunctioncall{position_jitter}(width = .5)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_jitter4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_jitter}(position = \hlfunctioncall{position_jitter}(height = .5)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_jitter5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use qplot instead} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(displ, hwy, data = mpg, geom = \hlstring{"jitter"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_jitter6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(class, hwy, data = mpg, geom = \hlstring{"jitter"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_jitter7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(class, hwy, data = mpg, geom = \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"boxplot"}, \hlstring{"jitter"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_jitter8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(class, hwy, data = mpg, geom = \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"jitter"}, \hlstring{"boxplot"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_jitter9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_line} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_line} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Connect observations, ordered by x value.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_line} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Summarise number of movie ratings by year of movie} |
|
mry <- \hlfunctioncall{do.call}(rbind, \hlfunctioncall{by}(movies, \hlfunctioncall{round}(movies$rating), \hlfunctioncall{function}(df) \{ |
|
nums <- \hlfunctioncall{tapply}(df$length, df$year, length) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(rating=\hlfunctioncall{round}(df$rating[1]), year = \hlfunctioncall{as.numeric}(\hlfunctioncall{names}(nums)), number=\hlfunctioncall{as.vector}(nums)) |
|
\})) |
|
|
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mry, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=year, y=number, group=rating)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(size = rating)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = rating)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Change scale} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = rating)) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_colour_gradient}(low=\hlstring{"red"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(size = rating)) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_size}(range = \hlfunctioncall{c}(0.1, 3)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Set aesthetics to fixed value} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(colour = \hlstring{"red"}, size = 1) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use qplot instead} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(year, number, data=mry, group=rating, geom=\hlstring{"line"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Using a time series} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(date, pop, data=economics, geom=\hlstring{"line"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(date, pop, data=economics, geom=\hlstring{"line"}, log=\hlstring{"y"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(date, pop, data=\hlfunctioncall{subset}(economics, date > \hlfunctioncall{as.Date}(\hlstring{"2006-1-1"})), geom=\hlstring{"line"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line10} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(date, pop, data=economics, size=unemploy/pop, geom=\hlstring{"line"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line11} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use the arrow parameter to add an arrow to the line} |
|
\hlcomment{# See ?grid::arrow for more details} |
|
c <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(economics, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = date, y = pop)) |
|
\hlcomment{# Arrow defaults to "last"} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(grid) |
|
c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(arrow = \hlfunctioncall{arrow}()) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line12} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(arrow = \hlfunctioncall{arrow}(angle = 15, ends = \hlstring{"both"}, type = \hlstring{"closed"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line13} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# See scale_date for examples of plotting multiple times series on} |
|
\hlcomment{# a single graph} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# A simple pcp example} |
|
|
|
y2005 <- \hlfunctioncall{runif}(300, 20, 120) |
|
y2010 <- y2005 * \hlfunctioncall{runif}(300, -1.05, 1.5) |
|
group <- \hlfunctioncall{rep}(LETTERS[1:3], each = 100) |
|
|
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(id = \hlfunctioncall{seq_along}(group), group, y2005, y2010) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(reshape2) \hlcomment{# for melt} |
|
dfm <- \hlfunctioncall{melt}(df, id.var = \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"id"}, \hlstring{"group"})) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(dfm, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(variable, value, group = id, colour = group)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(alpha = 0.5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_line14} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_linerange} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_linerange} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: An interval represented by a vertical line.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_linerange} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Generate data: means and standard errors of means for prices} |
|
\hlcomment{# for each type of cut} |
|
dmod <- \hlfunctioncall{lm}(price ~ cut, data=diamonds) |
|
cuts <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(cut=\hlfunctioncall{unique}(diamonds$cut), \hlfunctioncall{predict}(dmod, \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(cut = \hlfunctioncall{unique}(diamonds$cut)), se=TRUE)[\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"fit"},\hlstring{"se.fit"})]) |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(cut, fit, data=cuts) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_linerange1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# With a bar chart, we are comparing lengths, so the y-axis is} |
|
\hlcomment{# automatically extended to include 0} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(cut, fit, data=cuts, geom=\hlstring{"bar"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_linerange2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Display estimates and standard errors in various ways} |
|
se <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(cuts, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(cut, fit, |
|
ymin = fit - se.fit, ymax=fit + se.fit, colour = cut)) |
|
se + \hlfunctioncall{geom_linerange}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_linerange3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
se + \hlfunctioncall{geom_pointrange}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_linerange4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
se + \hlfunctioncall{geom_errorbar}(width = 0.5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_linerange5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
se + \hlfunctioncall{geom_crossbar}(width = 0.5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_linerange6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use coord_flip to flip the x and y axes} |
|
se + \hlfunctioncall{geom_linerange}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_linerange7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_map} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_map} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Polygons from a reference map.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_map} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# When using geom_polygon, you will typically need two data frames:} |
|
\hlcomment{# one contains the coordinates of each polygon (positions), and the} |
|
\hlcomment{# other the values associated with each polygon (values). An id} |
|
\hlcomment{# variable links the two together} |
|
|
|
ids <- \hlfunctioncall{factor}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"1.1"}, \hlstring{"2.1"}, \hlstring{"1.2"}, \hlstring{"2.2"}, \hlstring{"1.3"}, \hlstring{"2.3"})) |
|
|
|
values <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
id = ids, |
|
value = \hlfunctioncall{c}(3, 3.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.15, 3.5) |
|
) |
|
|
|
positions <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
id = \hlfunctioncall{rep}(ids, each = 4), |
|
x = \hlfunctioncall{c}(2, 1, 1.1, 2.2, 1, 0, 0.3, 1.1, 2.2, 1.1, 1.2, 2.5, 1.1, 0.3, |
|
0.5, 1.2, 2.5, 1.2, 1.3, 2.7, 1.2, 0.5, 0.6, 1.3), |
|
y = \hlfunctioncall{c}(-0.5, 0, 1, 0.5, 0, 0.5, 1.5, 1, 0.5, 1, 2.1, 1.7, 1, 1.5, |
|
2.2, 2.1, 1.7, 2.1, 3.2, 2.8, 2.1, 2.2, 3.3, 3.2) |
|
) |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(values) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_map}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(map_id = id), map = positions) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{expand_limits}(positions) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_map1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(values, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = value)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_map}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(map_id = id), map = positions) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{expand_limits}(positions) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_map2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(values, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = value)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_map}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(map_id = id), map = positions) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{expand_limits}(positions) + \hlfunctioncall{ylim}(0, 3) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_map3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Better example} |
|
crimes <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(state = \hlfunctioncall{tolower}(\hlfunctioncall{rownames}(USArrests)), USArrests) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(reshape2) \hlcomment{# for melt} |
|
crimesm <- \hlfunctioncall{melt}(crimes, id = 1) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{if} (\hlfunctioncall{require}(maps)) \{ |
|
states_map <- \hlfunctioncall{map_data}(\hlstring{"state"}) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(crimes, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(map_id = state)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_map}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = Murder), map = states_map) + \hlfunctioncall{expand_limits}(x = states_map$long, y = states_map$lat) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{last_plot}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_map}() |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(crimesm, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(map_id = state)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_map}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = value), map = states_map) + \hlfunctioncall{expand_limits}(x = states_map$long, y = states_map$lat) + \hlfunctioncall{facet_wrap}( ~ variable) |
|
\} |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\itshape\textcolor{messagecolor}{\#\# Loading required package: maps}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_map4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_path} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_path} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Connect observations in original order} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_path} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{## No test: } |
|
\hlcomment{# Generate data} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(plyr) |
|
myear <- \hlfunctioncall{ddply}(movies, \hlfunctioncall{.}(year), \hlfunctioncall{colwise}(mean, \hlfunctioncall{.}(length, rating))) |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(myear, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(length, rating)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(size = year)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = year)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Change scale} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(size = year)) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_size}(range = \hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 3)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Set aesthetics to fixed value} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(colour = \hlstring{"green"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Control line join parameters} |
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(x = 1:3, y = \hlfunctioncall{c}(4, 1, 9)) |
|
base <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(df, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x, y)) |
|
base + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(size = 10) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
base + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(size = 10, lineend = \hlstring{"round"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
base + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(size = 10, linejoin = \hlstring{"mitre"}, lineend = \hlstring{"butt"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use qplot instead} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(length, rating, data=myear, geom=\hlstring{"path"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Using economic data:} |
|
\hlcomment{# How is unemployment and personal savings rate related?} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(unemploy/pop, psavert, data=economics) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path10} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(unemploy/pop, psavert, data=economics, geom=\hlstring{"path"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path11} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(unemploy/pop, psavert, data=economics, geom=\hlstring{"path"}, size=\hlfunctioncall{as.numeric}(date)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path12} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# How is rate of unemployment and length of unemployment?} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(unemploy/pop, uempmed, data=economics) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path13} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(unemploy/pop, uempmed, data=economics, geom=\hlstring{"path"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path14} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(unemploy/pop, uempmed, data=economics, geom=\hlstring{"path"}) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(data=\hlfunctioncall{head}(economics, 1), colour=\hlstring{"red"}) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(data=\hlfunctioncall{tail}(economics, 1), colour=\hlstring{"blue"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path15} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(unemploy/pop, uempmed, data=economics, geom=\hlstring{"path"}) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(data=\hlfunctioncall{head}(economics, 1), label=\hlstring{"1967"}, colour=\hlstring{"blue"}) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(data=\hlfunctioncall{tail}(economics, 1), label=\hlstring{"2007"}, colour=\hlstring{"blue"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path16} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# geom_path removes missing values on the ends of a line.} |
|
\hlcomment{# use na.rm = T to suppress the warning message} |
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
x = 1:5, |
|
y1 = \hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 2, 3, 4, NA), |
|
y2 = \hlfunctioncall{c}(NA, 2, 3, 4, 5), |
|
y3 = \hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 2, NA, 4, 5), |
|
y4 = \hlfunctioncall{c}(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y1, data = df, geom = \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"point"},\hlstring{"line"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 1 rows containing missing values (geom\_point).}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 1 rows containing missing values (geom\_path).}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path17} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y2, data = df, geom = \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"point"},\hlstring{"line"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 1 rows containing missing values (geom\_point).}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 1 rows containing missing values (geom\_path).}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path18} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y3, data = df, geom = \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"point"},\hlstring{"line"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 1 rows containing missing values (geom\_point).}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path19} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y4, data = df, geom = \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"point"},\hlstring{"line"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path20} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Setting line type vs colour/size} |
|
\hlcomment{# Line type needs to be applied to a line as a whole, so it can} |
|
\hlcomment{# not be used with colour or size that vary across a line} |
|
|
|
x <- \hlfunctioncall{seq}(0.01, .99, length=100) |
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(x = \hlfunctioncall{rep}(x, 2), y = \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlfunctioncall{qlogis}(x), 2 * \hlfunctioncall{qlogis}(x)), group = \hlfunctioncall{rep}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"a"},\hlstring{"b"}), each=100)) |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(df, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=x, y=y, group=group)) |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Should work} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(linetype = 2) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path21} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = group), linetype = 2) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path22} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = x)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path23} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Should fail} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{should_stop}(p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = x), linetype=2)) |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use the arrow parameter to add an arrow to the line} |
|
\hlcomment{# See ?grid::arrow for more details} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(grid) |
|
c <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(economics, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = date, y = pop)) |
|
\hlcomment{# Arrow defaults to "last"} |
|
c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(arrow = \hlfunctioncall{arrow}()) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path24} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(arrow = \hlfunctioncall{arrow}(angle = 15, ends = \hlstring{"both"}, length = \hlfunctioncall{unit}(0.6, \hlstring{"inches"}))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_path25} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_point} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_point} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Points, as for a scatterplot} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_point} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{## No test: } |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(wt, mpg)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = qsec)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(alpha = qsec)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(shape = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(size = qsec)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Change scales} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = cyl)) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_colour_gradient}(low = \hlstring{"blue"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(size = qsec)) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_area}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(shape = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_shape}(solid = FALSE) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Set aesthetics to fixed value} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(colour = \hlstring{"red"}, size = 3) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point10} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data = mtcars, colour = \hlfunctioncall{I}(\hlstring{"red"}), size = \hlfunctioncall{I}(3)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point11} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Varying alpha is useful for large datasets} |
|
d <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(diamonds, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(carat, price)) |
|
d + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(alpha = 1/10) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point12} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
d + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(alpha = 1/20) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point13} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
d + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(alpha = 1/100) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point14} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# You can create interesting shapes by layering multiple points of} |
|
\hlcomment{# different sizes} |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(mpg, wt)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(colour=\hlstring{"grey50"}, size = 4) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = cyl)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point15} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{aes}(shape = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl)), size = 4) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(colour=\hlstring{"grey90"}, size = 1.5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point16} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(colour=\hlstring{"black"}, size = 4.5) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(colour=\hlstring{"pink"}, size = 4) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(shape = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point17} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# These extra layers don't usually appear in the legend, but we can} |
|
\hlcomment{# force their inclusion} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(colour=\hlstring{"black"}, size = 4.5, show_guide = TRUE) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(colour=\hlstring{"pink"}, size = 4, show_guide = TRUE) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_point}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(shape = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point18} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Transparent points:} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(mpg, wt, data = mtcars, size = \hlfunctioncall{I}(5), alpha = \hlfunctioncall{I}(0.2)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point19} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# geom_point warns when missing values have been dropped from the data set} |
|
\hlcomment{# and not plotted, you can turn this off by setting na.rm = TRUE} |
|
mtcars2 <- \hlfunctioncall{transform}(mtcars, mpg = \hlfunctioncall{ifelse}(\hlfunctioncall{runif}(32) < 0.2, NA, mpg)) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data = mtcars2) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 11 rows containing missing values (geom\_point).}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point20} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data = mtcars2, na.rm = TRUE) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point21} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use qplot instead} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data = mtcars) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point22} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data = mtcars, colour = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point23} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data = mtcars, colour = \hlfunctioncall{I}(\hlstring{"red"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_point24} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_pointrange} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_pointrange} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: An interval represented by a vertical line, with a point in the} |
|
\hlcomment{### middle.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_pointrange} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# See geom_linerange for examples} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_polygon} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_polygon} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Polygon, a filled path.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_polygon} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# When using geom_polygon, you will typically need two data frames:} |
|
\hlcomment{# one contains the coordinates of each polygon (positions), and the} |
|
\hlcomment{# other the values associated with each polygon (values). An id} |
|
\hlcomment{# variable links the two together} |
|
|
|
ids <- \hlfunctioncall{factor}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"1.1"}, \hlstring{"2.1"}, \hlstring{"1.2"}, \hlstring{"2.2"}, \hlstring{"1.3"}, \hlstring{"2.3"})) |
|
|
|
values <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
id = ids, |
|
value = \hlfunctioncall{c}(3, 3.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.15, 3.5) |
|
) |
|
|
|
positions <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
id = \hlfunctioncall{rep}(ids, each = 4), |
|
x = \hlfunctioncall{c}(2, 1, 1.1, 2.2, 1, 0, 0.3, 1.1, 2.2, 1.1, 1.2, 2.5, 1.1, 0.3, |
|
0.5, 1.2, 2.5, 1.2, 1.3, 2.7, 1.2, 0.5, 0.6, 1.3), |
|
y = \hlfunctioncall{c}(-0.5, 0, 1, 0.5, 0, 0.5, 1.5, 1, 0.5, 1, 2.1, 1.7, 1, 1.5, |
|
2.2, 2.1, 1.7, 2.1, 3.2, 2.8, 2.1, 2.2, 3.3, 3.2) |
|
) |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Currently we need to manually merge the two together} |
|
datapoly <- \hlfunctioncall{merge}(values, positions, by=\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"id"})) |
|
|
|
(p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(datapoly, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=x, y=y)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_polygon}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill=value, group=id))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_polygon1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Which seems like a lot of work, but then it's easy to add on} |
|
\hlcomment{# other features in this coordinate system, e.g.:} |
|
|
|
stream <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
x = \hlfunctioncall{cumsum}(\hlfunctioncall{runif}(50, max = 0.1)), |
|
y = \hlfunctioncall{cumsum}(\hlfunctioncall{runif}(50,max = 0.1)) |
|
) |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(data = stream, colour=\hlstring{"grey30"}, size = 5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_polygon2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# And if the positions are in longitude and latitude, you can use} |
|
\hlcomment{# coord_map to produce different map projections.} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_quantile} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_quantile} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Add quantile lines from a quantile regression.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_quantile} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# See stat_quantile for examples} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_raster} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_raster} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: High-performance rectangular tiling.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_raster} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{## No test: } |
|
\hlcomment{# Generate data} |
|
pp <- \hlfunctioncall{function} (n,r=4) \{ |
|
x <- \hlfunctioncall{seq}(-r*pi, r*pi, len=n) |
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{expand.grid}(x=x, y=x) |
|
df$r <- \hlfunctioncall{sqrt}(df$x^2 + df$y^2) |
|
df$z <- \hlfunctioncall{cos}(df$r^2)*\hlfunctioncall{exp}(-df$r/6) |
|
df |
|
\} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y, data = \hlfunctioncall{pp}(20), fill = z, geom = \hlstring{"raster"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_raster1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Interpolation worsens the apperance of this plot, but can help when} |
|
\hlcomment{# rendering images.} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y, data = \hlfunctioncall{pp}(20), fill = z, geom = \hlstring{"raster"}, interpolate = TRUE) |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# For the special cases where it is applicable, geom_raster is much} |
|
\hlcomment{# faster than geom_tile:} |
|
pp200 <- \hlfunctioncall{pp}(200) |
|
base <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(pp200, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x, y, fill = z)) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{benchplot}(base + \hlfunctioncall{geom_raster}()) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\begin{verbatim} |
|
## step user.self sys.self elapsed |
|
## 1 construct 0.008 0.000 0.010 |
|
## 2 build 1.164 0.020 1.189 |
|
## 3 render 0.420 0.016 0.438 |
|
## 4 draw 0.116 0.000 0.116 |
|
## 5 TOTAL 1.708 0.036 1.753 |
|
\end{verbatim} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{benchplot}(base + \hlfunctioncall{geom_tile}()) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_raster2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{verbatim} |
|
## step user.self sys.self elapsed |
|
## 1 construct 0.008 0.000 0.009 |
|
## 2 build 1.184 0.012 1.199 |
|
## 3 render 0.580 0.024 0.609 |
|
## 4 draw 0.248 0.000 0.250 |
|
## 5 TOTAL 2.020 0.036 2.067 |
|
\end{verbatim} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# justification} |
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{expand.grid}(x = 0:5, y = 0:5) |
|
df$z <- \hlfunctioncall{runif}(\hlfunctioncall{nrow}(df)) |
|
\hlcomment{# default is compatible with geom_tile()} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(df, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x, y, fill = z)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_raster}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_raster3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# zero padding} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(df, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x, y, fill = z)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_raster}(hjust = 0, vjust = 0) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_raster4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_rect} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_rect} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: 2d rectangles.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_rect} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
x = \hlfunctioncall{sample}(10, 20, replace = TRUE), |
|
y = \hlfunctioncall{sample}(10, 20, replace = TRUE) |
|
) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(df, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(xmin = x, xmax = x + 1, ymin = y, ymax = y + 2)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_rect}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_rect} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_ribbon} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_ribbon} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Ribbons, y range with continuous x values.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_ribbon} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{## No test: } |
|
\hlcomment{# Generate data} |
|
huron <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(year = 1875:1972, level = \hlfunctioncall{as.vector}(LakeHuron)) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(plyr) \hlcomment{# to access round_any} |
|
huron$decade <- \hlfunctioncall{round_any}(huron$year, 10, floor) |
|
|
|
h <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(huron, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=year)) |
|
|
|
h + \hlfunctioncall{geom_ribbon}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(ymin=0, ymax=level)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_ribbon1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
h + \hlfunctioncall{geom_area}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(y = level)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_ribbon2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
h + \hlfunctioncall{geom_ribbon}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(ymin=level-1, ymax=level+1)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_ribbon3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
h + \hlfunctioncall{geom_ribbon}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(ymin=level-1, ymax=level+1)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(y=level)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_ribbon4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Take out some values in the middle for an example of NA handling} |
|
huron[huron$year > 1900 & huron$year < 1910, \hlstring{"level"}] <- NA |
|
h <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(huron, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=year)) |
|
h + \hlfunctioncall{geom_ribbon}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(ymin=level-1, ymax=level+1)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(y=level)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_ribbon5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Another data set, with multiple y's for each x} |
|
m <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(movies, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(y=votes, x=year)) |
|
(m <- m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}()) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_ribbon6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# The default summary isn't that useful} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{stat_summary}(geom=\hlstring{"ribbon"}, fun.ymin=\hlstring{"min"}, fun.ymax=\hlstring{"max"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_ribbon7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{stat_summary}(geom=\hlstring{"ribbon"}, fun.data=\hlstring{"median_hilow"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_ribbon8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use qplot instead} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(year, level, data=huron, geom=\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"area"}, \hlstring{"line"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 9 rows containing missing values (position\_stack).}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_ribbon9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_rug} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_rug} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Marginal rug plots.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_rug} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=wt, y=mpg)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_rug1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() + \hlfunctioncall{geom_rug}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_rug2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() + \hlfunctioncall{geom_rug}(sides=\hlstring{"b"}) # Rug on bottom only |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_rug3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() + \hlfunctioncall{geom_rug}(sides=\hlstring{"trbl"}) # All four sides |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_rug4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() + \hlfunctioncall{geom_rug}(position=\hlstring{'jitter'}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_rug5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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\section{geom\_segment} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_segment} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Single line segments.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_segment} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(grid) \hlcomment{# needed for arrow function} |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(seals, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = long, y = lat)) |
|
(p <- p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_segment}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(xend = long + delta_long, yend = lat + delta_lat), arrow = \hlfunctioncall{arrow}(length = \hlfunctioncall{unit}(0.1,\hlstring{"cm"})))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_segment1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{if} (\hlfunctioncall{require}(\hlstring{"maps"})) \{ |
|
|
|
xlim <- \hlfunctioncall{range}(seals$long) |
|
ylim <- \hlfunctioncall{range}(seals$lat) |
|
usamap <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(\hlfunctioncall{map}(\hlstring{"world"}, xlim = xlim, ylim = ylim, plot = |
|
FALSE)[\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"x"},\hlstring{"y"})]) |
|
usamap <- \hlfunctioncall{rbind}(usamap, NA, \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(\hlfunctioncall{map}(\hlstring{'state'}, xlim = xlim, ylim |
|
= ylim, plot = FALSE)[\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"x"},\hlstring{"y"})])) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{names}(usamap) <- \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"long"}, \hlstring{"lat"}) |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_path}(data = usamap) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_x_continuous}(limits = xlim) |
|
\} |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_segment2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# You can also use geom_segment to recreate plot(type = "h") :} |
|
counts <- \hlfunctioncall{as.data.frame}(\hlfunctioncall{table}(x = \hlfunctioncall{rpois}(100,5))) |
|
counts$x <- \hlfunctioncall{as.numeric}(\hlfunctioncall{as.character}(counts$x)) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{with}(counts, \hlfunctioncall{plot}(x, Freq, type = \hlstring{"h"}, lwd = 10)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_segment3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, Freq, data = counts, geom = \hlstring{"segment"}, |
|
yend = 0, xend = x, size = \hlfunctioncall{I}(10)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_segment4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Adding line segments} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(grid) \hlcomment{# needed for arrow function} |
|
b <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(wt, mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
|
b + \hlfunctioncall{geom_segment}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = 2, y = 15, xend = 2, yend = 25)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_segment5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
b + \hlfunctioncall{geom_segment}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = 2, y = 15, xend = 3, yend = 15)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_segment6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
b + \hlfunctioncall{geom_segment}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = 5, y = 30, xend = 3.5, yend = 25), arrow = \hlfunctioncall{arrow}(length = \hlfunctioncall{unit}(0.5, \hlstring{"cm"}))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_segment7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_smooth} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_smooth} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Add a smoothed conditional mean.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_smooth} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# See stat_smooth for examples of using built in model fitting} |
|
\hlcomment{# if you need some more flexible, this example shows you how to} |
|
\hlcomment{# plot the fits from any model of your choosing} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data=mtcars, colour=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_smooth1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
model <- \hlfunctioncall{lm}(mpg ~ wt + \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), data=mtcars) |
|
grid <- \hlfunctioncall{with}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{expand.grid}( |
|
wt = \hlfunctioncall{seq}(\hlfunctioncall{min}(wt), \hlfunctioncall{max}(wt), length = 20), |
|
cyl = \hlfunctioncall{levels}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl)) |
|
)) |
|
|
|
grid$mpg <- stats::\hlfunctioncall{predict}(model, newdata=grid) |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data=mtcars, colour=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_line}(data=grid) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_smooth2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# or with standard errors} |
|
|
|
err <- stats::\hlfunctioncall{predict}(model, newdata=grid, se = TRUE) |
|
grid$ucl <- err$fit + 1.96 * err$se.fit |
|
grid$lcl <- err$fit - 1.96 * err$se.fit |
|
|
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data=mtcars, colour=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl)) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_smooth}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(ymin = lcl, ymax = ucl), data=grid, stat=\hlstring{"identity"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_smooth3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_step} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_step} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Connect observations by stairs.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_step} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Simple quantiles/ECDF from examples(plot)} |
|
x <- \hlfunctioncall{sort}(\hlfunctioncall{rnorm}(47)) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{seq_along}(x), x, geom=\hlstring{"step"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_step1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Steps go horizontally, then vertically (default)} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{seq_along}(x), x, geom=\hlstring{"step"}, direction = \hlstring{"hv"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_step2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{plot}(x, type = \hlstring{"s"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_step3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Steps go vertically, then horizontally} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{seq_along}(x), x, geom=\hlstring{"step"}, direction = \hlstring{"vh"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_step4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{plot}(x, type = \hlstring{"S"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_step5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Also works with other aesthetics} |
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
|
x = \hlfunctioncall{sort}(\hlfunctioncall{rnorm}(50)), |
|
trt = \hlfunctioncall{sample}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"a"}, \hlstring{"b"}), 50, rep = TRUE) |
|
) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{seq_along}(x), x, data = df, geom=\hlstring{"step"}, colour = trt) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_step6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_text} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_text} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Textual annotations.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_text} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{## No test: } |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=wt, y=mpg, label=\hlfunctioncall{rownames}(mtcars))) |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Change size of the label} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(size=10) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p <- p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Set aesthetics to fixed value} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(hjust=0, vjust=0) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(angle = 45) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_colour_discrete}(l=40) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(size=wt)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(size=wt)) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_size}(range=\hlfunctioncall{c}(3,6)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# You can display expressions by setting parse = TRUE. The} |
|
\hlcomment{# details of the display are described in ?plotmath, but note that} |
|
\hlcomment{# geom_text uses strings, not expressions.} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(label = \hlfunctioncall{paste}(wt, \hlstring{"^("}, cyl, \hlstring{")"}, sep = \hlstring{""})), |
|
parse = TRUE) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text10} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add an annotation not from a variable source} |
|
c <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(wt, mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
|
c + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(data = NULL, x = 5, y = 30, label = \hlstring{"plot mpg vs. wt"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text11} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{# Or, you can use annotate} |
|
c + \hlfunctioncall{annotate}(\hlstring{"text"}, label = \hlstring{"plot mpg vs. wt"}, x = 2, y = 15, size = 8, colour = \hlstring{"red"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text12} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use qplot instead} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data = mtcars, label = \hlfunctioncall{rownames}(mtcars), |
|
geom=\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"point"}, \hlstring{"text"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text13} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(wt, mpg, data = mtcars, label = \hlfunctioncall{rownames}(mtcars), size = wt) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(colour = \hlstring{"red"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text14} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# You can specify family, fontface and lineheight} |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=wt, y=mpg, label=\hlfunctioncall{rownames}(mtcars))) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(fontface=3) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text15} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fontface=am+1)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text16} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_text}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(family=\hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"serif"}, \hlstring{"mono"})[am+1])) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_text17} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_tile} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_tile} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Tile plane with rectangles.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_tile} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{## No test: } |
|
\hlcomment{# Generate data} |
|
pp <- \hlfunctioncall{function} (n,r=4) \{ |
|
x <- \hlfunctioncall{seq}(-r*pi, r*pi, len=n) |
|
df <- \hlfunctioncall{expand.grid}(x=x, y=x) |
|
df$r <- \hlfunctioncall{sqrt}(df$x^2 + df$y^2) |
|
df$z <- \hlfunctioncall{cos}(df$r^2)*\hlfunctioncall{exp}(-df$r/6) |
|
df |
|
\} |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(\hlfunctioncall{pp}(20), \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=x,y=y)) |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_tile}() \hlcomment{#pretty useless!} |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_tile}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill=z)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Change scale} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_tile}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill=z)) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_fill_gradient}(low=\hlstring{"green"}, high=\hlstring{"red"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use qplot instead} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y, data=\hlfunctioncall{pp}(20), geom=\hlstring{"tile"}, fill=z) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y, data=\hlfunctioncall{pp}(100), geom=\hlstring{"tile"}, fill=z) |
|
\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile5} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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|
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\hlcomment{# Missing values} |
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p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(\hlfunctioncall{pp}(20)[\hlfunctioncall{sample}(20*20, size=200),], \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=x,y=y,fill=z)) |
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_tile}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile6} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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|
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\hlcomment{# Input that works with image} |
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\hlfunctioncall{image}(\hlfunctioncall{t}(volcano)[\hlfunctioncall{ncol}(volcano):1,]) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile7} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlfunctioncall{library}(reshape2) \hlcomment{# for melt} |
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\hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(\hlfunctioncall{melt}(volcano), \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x=Var1, y=Var2, fill=value)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_tile}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile8} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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|
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\hlcomment{# inspired by the image-density plots of Ken Knoblauch} |
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cars <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(y=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), x=mpg)) |
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cars + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile9} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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cars + \hlfunctioncall{stat_bin}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill=..count..), geom=\hlstring{"tile"}, binwidth=3, position=\hlstring{"identity"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile10} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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cars + \hlfunctioncall{stat_bin}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill=..density..), geom=\hlstring{"tile"}, binwidth=3, position=\hlstring{"identity"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile11} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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|
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cars + \hlfunctioncall{stat_density}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill=..density..), geom=\hlstring{"tile"}, position=\hlstring{"identity"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile12} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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cars + \hlfunctioncall{stat_density}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill=..count..), geom=\hlstring{"tile"}, position=\hlstring{"identity"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile13} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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|
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\hlcomment{# Another example with with unequal tile sizes} |
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x.cell.boundary <- \hlfunctioncall{c}(0, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14) |
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example <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}( |
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x = \hlfunctioncall{rep}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(2, 5, 7, 9, 12), 2), |
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y = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(\hlfunctioncall{rep}(\hlfunctioncall{c}(1,2), each=5)), |
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z = \hlfunctioncall{rep}(1:5, each=2), |
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w = \hlfunctioncall{rep}(\hlfunctioncall{diff}(x.cell.boundary), 2) |
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) |
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|
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y, fill=z, data=example, geom=\hlstring{"tile"}) |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile14} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y, fill=z, data=example, geom=\hlstring{"tile"}, width=w) |
|
\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile15} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y, fill=\hlfunctioncall{factor}(z), data=example, geom=\hlstring{"tile"}, width=w) |
|
\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile16} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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|
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\hlcomment{# You can manually set the colour of the tiles using} |
|
\hlcomment{# scale_manual} |
|
col <- \hlfunctioncall{c}(\hlstring{"darkblue"}, \hlstring{"blue"}, \hlstring{"green"}, \hlstring{"orange"}, \hlstring{"red"}) |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(x, y, fill=col[z], data=example, geom=\hlstring{"tile"}, width=w, group=1) + \hlfunctioncall{scale_fill_identity}(labels=letters[1:5], breaks=col) |
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\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_tile17} |
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\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
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|
|
|
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\end{knitrout} |
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|
|
|
|
|
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\section{geom\_violin} |
|
|
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\begin{knitrout} |
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\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
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\begin{alltt} |
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\hlcomment{### Name: geom_violin} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Violin plot.} |
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\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_violin} |
|
|
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\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
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\hlcomment{## No test: } |
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p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), mpg)) |
|
|
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p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}() |
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\end{alltt} |
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\end{kframe} |
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\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), mpg, data = mtcars, geom = \hlstring{"violin"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}() + \hlfunctioncall{geom_jitter}(height = 0) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), mpg, data = mtcars, geom = \hlstring{"violin"}) + |
|
\hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Scale maximum width proportional to sample size:} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}(scale = \hlstring{"count"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Default is to trim violins to the range of the data. To disable:} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}(trim = FALSE) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Use a smaller bandwidth for closer density fit (default is 1).} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}(adjust = .5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Add aesthetic mappings} |
|
\hlcomment{# Note that violins are automatically dodged when any aesthetic is} |
|
\hlcomment{# a factor} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = cyl)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin10} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(vs))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin11} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(fill = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(am))) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin12} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Set aesthetics to fixed value} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}(fill = \hlstring{"grey80"}, colour = \hlstring{"#3366FF"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin13} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(\hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl), mpg, data = mtcars, geom = \hlstring{"violin"}, |
|
colour = \hlfunctioncall{I}(\hlstring{"#3366FF"})) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin14} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Scales vs. coordinate transforms -------} |
|
\hlcomment{# Scale transformations occur before the density statistics are computed.} |
|
\hlcomment{# Coordinate transformations occur afterwards. Observe the effect on the} |
|
\hlcomment{# number of outliers.} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{library}(plyr) \hlcomment{# to access round_any} |
|
m <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(movies, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(y = votes, x = rating, |
|
group = \hlfunctioncall{round_any}(rating, 0.5))) |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin15} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}() + \hlfunctioncall{scale_y_log10}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin16} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_trans}(y = \hlstring{"log10"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin17} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
m + \hlfunctioncall{geom_violin}() + \hlfunctioncall{scale_y_log10}() + \hlfunctioncall{coord_trans}(y = \hlstring{"log10"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin18} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Violin plots with continuous x:} |
|
\hlcomment{# Use the group aesthetic to group observations in violins} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(year, budget, data = movies, geom = \hlstring{"violin"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 904 rows containing non-finite values (stat\_ydensity).}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin19} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlfunctioncall{qplot}(year, budget, data = movies, geom = \hlstring{"violin"}, |
|
group = \hlfunctioncall{round_any}(year, 10, floor)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: Removed 904 rows containing non-finite values (stat\_ydensity).}} |
|
|
|
{\ttfamily\noindent\textcolor{warningcolor}{\#\# Warning: position\_dodge requires constant width: output may be incorrect}}\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_violin20} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{## End(No test)} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\section{geom\_vline} |
|
|
|
\begin{knitrout} |
|
\definecolor{shadecolor}{rgb}{0.969, 0.969, 0.969}\color{fgcolor}\begin{kframe} |
|
\begin{alltt} |
|
\hlcomment{### Name: geom_vline} |
|
\hlcomment{### Title: Line, vertical.} |
|
\hlcomment{### Aliases: geom_vline} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{### ** Examples} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# Fixed lines} |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{ggplot}(mtcars, \hlfunctioncall{aes}(x = wt, y = mpg)) + \hlfunctioncall{geom_point}() |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_vline}(xintercept = 5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_vline1} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_vline}(xintercept = 1:5) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_vline2} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_vline}(xintercept = 1:5, colour=\hlstring{"green"}, linetype = \hlstring{"longdash"}) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_vline3} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_vline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(xintercept = wt)) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_vline4} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# With coordinate transforms} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_vline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(xintercept = wt)) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_equal}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_vline5} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_vline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(xintercept = wt)) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_flip}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_vline6} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_vline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(xintercept = wt)) + \hlfunctioncall{coord_polar}() |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_vline7} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
p2 <- p + \hlfunctioncall{aes}(colour = \hlfunctioncall{factor}(cyl)) |
|
p2 + \hlfunctioncall{geom_vline}(xintercept = 15) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_vline8} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
\hlcomment{# To display different lines in different facets, you need to} |
|
\hlcomment{# create a data frame.} |
|
p <- \hlfunctioncall{qplot}(mpg, wt, data=mtcars, facets = vs ~ am) |
|
vline.data <- \hlfunctioncall{data.frame}(z = \hlfunctioncall{c}(15, 20, 25, 30), vs = \hlfunctioncall{c}(0, 0, 1, 1), am = \hlfunctioncall{c}(0, 1, 0, 1)) |
|
p + \hlfunctioncall{geom_vline}(\hlfunctioncall{aes}(xintercept = z), vline.data) |
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\includegraphics[width=\maxwidth]{figure/021-ggplot2-geoms-geom_vline9} |
|
\begin{kframe}\begin{alltt} |
|
|
|
|
|
\end{alltt} |
|
\end{kframe} |
|
\end{knitrout} |
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\end{document} |
