how_the_web_works.md

How The Web Works

Today we are going to investigate the way the web works.

Materials:

• First let's read MDN HOW WEB WORKS.
• Next let's watch a few quick examples of how the internet works.
• And [how IP addresses work](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFooN7Mu0IM - how IP addresses work).
• Finally let's tie these things together and watch a video about DNS - what happens when you type an address into a web browser.
• Lastly, let's read a little about the anatomy of a URL

QUIZ:

Now we have a better grasp about the internet, and how some of the things are working. Now, let's answer a few questions to check our understanding. Don't be afraid to do additional research (googleing) for an answer. Fork this gist and answer the following questions:

1. Describe, step by step, what happens when I type www.example.com into my browser and try to go to the page?

• ANSWER: browser on your client asks os if the address is known, e.g. in memory. then it goes to search for it, through isp, root of the namespace, then domain level (not sure if this is what it is called), then authoritative server. 4 steps total. It then brings that back and browser can open a connection with that ip address.

1. What does HTTP stand for?

• ANSWER: hypertext transfer protocol.

2. What protocol does the World Wide Web use?

• ANSWER: http. also, according to google, it also relies on html and url.

3. Each computer on the Internet is assigned an IP address, what does IP stand for?

• ANSWER: internet protocol, string of 32 numbers divided by 4 (groups of 8), translated to decimal.

4. What does DNS stand for?

• A. Domain Name System
• B. Digital Number System
• C. Domain Number System
• D. Domain Name Service
• E. Digital Name Service

5. How are text domain names matched to their respective numeric IP addresses. Matching the text domain names to their respective numeric IP addresses is the job of a seperate __________ server.

• ANSWER: DNS

6. What is the client?

• A. A purchaser
• B. Internet shopping customer (Consumer)
• C. The software which requests information from a server (browser)
• D. The server to which a particular computer sends data
• E. The computer which the IP address belongs to

8. What does URL stand for?

• ANSWER: uniform resource locator

9. What are protocols

• A. The standardisation of IP addressess
• B. The DNS standard method for data transfer
• C. The standardised network address system
• D. The standardised method for transferring data or documents over a network
• E. The standardised method for prioratising data or document storage over a network

10. What does DNS stand for?

• ANSWER: domain name system

14. what is the www portion of a url?

• ANSWER: subdomain??

19. What is The markup language used for all web documents?

• ANSWER: html

20. What is the organization that monitors web technologies?

• ANSWER: w3c (world wide web consortium)

22. What is the Protocol for transferring web documents on the Internet?

• ANSWER: http i think. or ftp if the question refers to files.

24. What matches the domain names with numeric IP addresses?

• ANSWER: dns server