a.py

import b

test1 = 'a'
test2 = None
test3 = '3'

if __name__ == '__main__':
  print test1, test2, test3 #prints 'a', None, 3
  b.changeVars()
  print test1, test2, test3 #prints 'a', None, 3 (i.e. nothing has changed)

b.py

import sys
a = sys.modules['__main__']

def changeVars():
  print a.test1, a.test2, a.test3 #prints 'a', None, 3
  a.test1 = 'NEW VAR 1'
  a.test2 = 'NEW VAR 2'
  a.test3 = 'NEW VAR 3'

  print a.test1, a.test2, a.test3 #prints 'NEW VAR 1', 'NEW VAR 2', 'NEW VAR 3'