Arduino 230v Light Bulb Dimming (Portugal 220V 50 Hz)

Arduino 230v Light bulb dimming

//source: http://electronics.stackexchange.com/q/59615

int AC_LOAD = 3;    // Output to Opto Triac pin
int dimming = 128;  // Dimming level (0-128)  0 = ON, 128 = OFF

void setup()
{
  pinMode(AC_LOAD, OUTPUT);       // Set the AC Load as output
  attachInterrupt(0, zero_crosss_int, RISING);  // Choose the zero cross interrupt # from the table above
}

void zero_crosss_int()  // function to be fired at the zero crossing to dim the light
{
  // Firing angle calculation :: 50Hz-> 10ms (1/2 Cycle)
  // (10000us - 10us) / 128 = 75 (Approx)
  int dimtime = (75*dimming);      
  delayMicroseconds(dimtime);    // Off cycle
  digitalWrite(AC_LOAD, HIGH);   // triac firing
  delayMicroseconds(10);         // triac On propogation delay
  digitalWrite(AC_LOAD, LOW);    // triac Off
}

void loop()
{
  dimming = 128; 
  delay(100);
  dimming = 75;  
  delay(100);
  dimming = 25;  
  delay(100);
}

controlled light dimmer

//source: http://www.instructables.com/id/Arduino-controlled-light-dimmer-The-circuit/?lang=pt&ALLSTEPS
//Arduino controlled light dimmer: The software III
//The code below has been confirmed to work on the Leonardo

/*
AC Light Control
 
 Updated by Robert Twomey 
 
 Changed zero-crossing detection to look for RISING edge rather
 than falling.  (originally it was only chopping the negative half
 of the AC wave form). 
 
 Also changed the dim_check() to turn on the Triac, leaving it on 
 until the zero_cross_detect() turn's it off.
 
 Adapted from sketch by Ryan McLaughlin 
 <a href="http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1230333861/30" rel="nofollow"> <a rel="nofollow"> http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1...</a>>
(now here: <a rel="nofollow"> http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1...</a>
 
 */

#include  <TimerOne.h>          // Avaiable from <a href="http://www.arduino.cc/playground/Code/Timer1" rel="nofollow"> <a href="http://www.arduino.cc/playground/Code/Timer1" rel="nofollow"> http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1...</a>
</a>
volatile int i=0;               // Variable to use as a counter
volatile boolean zero_cross=0;  // Boolean to store a "switch" to tell us if we have crossed zero
int AC_pin = 11;                // Output to Opto Triac
int dim = 0;                    // Dimming level (0-128)  0 = on, 128 = 0ff
int inc=1;                      // counting up or down, 1=up, -1=down

int freqStep = 75;    // This is the delay-per-brightness step in microseconds.
                      // For 60 Hz it should be 65
// It is calculated based on the frequency of your voltage supply (50Hz or 60Hz)
// and the number of brightness steps you want. 
// 
// Realize that there are 2 zerocrossing per cycle. This means
// zero crossing happens at 120Hz for a 60Hz supply or 100Hz for a 50Hz supply. 

// To calculate freqStep divide the length of one full half-wave of the power
// cycle (in microseconds) by the number of brightness steps. 
//
// (120 Hz=8333uS) / 128 brightness steps = 65 uS / brightness step
// (100Hz=10000uS) / 128 steps = 75uS/step

void setup() {                                      // Begin setup
  pinMode(AC_pin, OUTPUT);                          // Set the Triac pin as output
  attachInterrupt(0, zero_cross_detect, RISING);    // Attach an Interupt to Pin 2 (interupt 0) for Zero Cross Detection
  Timer1.initialize(freqStep);                      // Initialize TimerOne library for the freq we need
  Timer1.attachInterrupt(dim_check, freqStep);      
  // Use the TimerOne Library to attach an interrupt
  // to the function we use to check to see if it is 
  // the right time to fire the triac.  This function 
  // will now run every freqStep in microseconds.                                            
}

void zero_cross_detect() {    
  zero_cross = true;               // set the boolean to true to tell our dimming function that a zero cross has occured
  i=0;
  digitalWrite(AC_pin, LOW);       // turn off TRIAC (and AC)
}                                 

// Turn on the TRIAC at the appropriate time
void dim_check() {                   
  if(zero_cross == true) {              
    if(i>=dim) {                     
      digitalWrite(AC_pin, HIGH); // turn on light       
      i=0;  // reset time step counter                         
      zero_cross = false; //reset zero cross detection
    } 
    else {
      i++; // increment time step counter                     
    }                                
  }                                  
}                                   

void loop() {                        
  dim+=inc;
  if((dim>=128) || (dim<=0))
    inc*=-1;
  delay(18);
}

Dimmer-Arduino

//source: https://arduinodiy.wordpress.com/2012/10/19/dimmer-arduino/

/*
AC Voltage dimmer with Zero cross detection
Author: Charith Fernanado http://www.inmojo.com
License: Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 3.0 License. 

Attach the Zero cross pin of the module to Arduino External Interrupt pin
Select the correct Interrupt # from the below table:
(the Pin numbers are digital pins, NOT physical pins:
digital pin 2 [INT0]=physical pin 4 
and digital pin 3 [INT1]= physical pin 5)

 Pin    |  Interrrupt # | Arduino Platform
 ---------------------------------------
 2      |  0            |  All
 3      |  1            |  All
 18     |  5            |  Arduino Mega Only
 19     |  4            |  Arduino Mega Only
 20     |  3            |  Arduino Mega Only
 21     |  2            |  Arduino Mega Only

In the program pin 2 is chosen
 */

int AC_LOAD = 3;    // Output to Opto Triac pin
int dimming = 128;  // Dimming level (0-128)  0 = ON, 128 = OFF
/* Due to timing problems, the use of ‘0’ can sometimes make the circuit 
flicker. It is safer to use a value slightly higher than ‘0’
*/
void setup()
{
  pinMode(AC_LOAD, OUTPUT);// Set AC Load pin as output
  attachInterrupt(0, zero_crosss_int, RISING);  
// Chooses '0' as interrupt for the zero-crossing
}
// the interrupt function must take no parameters and return nothing
void zero_crosss_int()  
// function to be fired at the zero crossing to dim the light
{
  // Firing angle calculation : 1 full 50Hz wave =1/50=20ms  
  // Every zerocrossing thus: (50Hz)-> 10ms (1/2 Cycle) For 60Hz => 8.33ms

  // 10ms=10000us
  // (10000us - 10us) / 128 = 75 (Approx) For 60Hz =>65
  int dimtime = (75*dimming);    // For 60Hz =>65     
  delayMicroseconds(dimtime);    // Off cycle
  digitalWrite(AC_LOAD, HIGH);   // triac firing
  delayMicroseconds(10);         // triac On propogation delay
                                 //(for 60Hz use 8.33)
  digitalWrite(AC_LOAD, LOW);    // triac Off
}

void loop() {
  for (int i=5; i <= 128; i++) {
    dimming=i;
    delay(10);
  }
}

set level using up and down buttons

//source: http://www.instructables.com/id/Arduino-controlled-light-dimmer-The-circuit/?lang=pt&ALLSTEPS
//Below a code to set the light level with up and down buttons.
//It uses a timer that checks for the time necessary to trigger the TRIAC, 
//rather than wait in a delay loop.

/*
AC Light Control
Uses up and down buttons to set levels
makes use of a timer interrupt to set the level of dimming
*/
#include <TimerOne.h>           // Avaiable from http://www.arduino.cc/playground/Code/Timer1

volatile int i=0;               // Variable to use as a counter of dimming steps. It is volatile since it is passed between interrupts
volatile boolean zero_cross=0;  // Flag to indicate we have crossed zero
int AC_pin = 3;                 // Output to Opto Triac
int buton1 = 4;                 // first button at pin 4
int buton2 = 5;                 // second button at pin 5
int dim2 = 0;                   // led control
int dim = 128;                  // Dimming level (0-128)  0 = on, 128 = 0ff
int pas = 8;                    // step for count;
int freqStep = 75;              // This is the delay-per-brightness step in microseconds. It allows for 128 steps
                                // If using 60 Hz grid frequency set this to 65

 
void setup() {  // Begin setup
  Serial.begin(9600);   
  pinMode(buton1, INPUT);  // set buton1 pin as input
  pinMode(buton2, INPUT);  // set buton1 pin as input
  pinMode(AC_pin, OUTPUT);                          // Set the Triac pin as output
  attachInterrupt(0, zero_cross_detect, RISING);    // Attach an Interupt to Pin 2 (interupt 0) for Zero Cross Detection
  Timer1.initialize(freqStep);                      // Initialize TimerOne library for the freq we need
  Timer1.attachInterrupt(dim_check, freqStep);      // Go to dim_check procedure every 75 uS (50Hz)  or 65 uS (60Hz)
  // Use the TimerOne Library to attach an interrupt

}

void zero_cross_detect() {    
  zero_cross = true;               // set flag for dim_check function that a zero cross has occured
  i=0;                             // stepcounter to 0.... as we start a new cycle
  digitalWrite(AC_pin, LOW);
}                                 

// Turn on the TRIAC at the appropriate time
// We arrive here every 75 (65) uS
// First check if a flag has been set
// Then check if the counter 'i' has reached the dimming level
// if so.... switch on the TRIAC and reset the counter
void dim_check() {                   
  if(zero_cross == true) {              
    if(i>=dim) {                     
      digitalWrite(AC_pin, HIGH);  // turn on light       
      i=0;  // reset time step counter                         
      zero_cross=false;    // reset zero cross detection flag
    } 
    else {
      i++;  // increment time step counter                     
    }                                
  }    
}                                      

void loop() {  
  digitalWrite(buton1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(buton2, HIGH);
  
 if (digitalRead(buton1) == LOW)   
   {
  if (dim<127)  
  {
    dim = dim + pas;
    if (dim>127) 
    {
      dim=128;
    }
  }
   }
  if (digitalRead(buton2) == LOW)   
   {
  if (dim>5)  
  {
     dim = dim - pas;
  if (dim<0) 
    {
      dim=0;
    }
   }
   }
    while (digitalRead(buton1) == LOW) {  }              
    delay(10); // waiting little bit...  
    while (digitalRead(buton2) == LOW) {  }              
    delay(10); // waiting little bit...    
           

  dim2 = 255-2*dim;
  if (dim2<0)
  {
    dim2 = 0;
  }

  Serial.print("dim=");
  Serial.print(dim);
  Serial.print("     dim2=");
  Serial.print(dim2);
  Serial.print("     dim1=");
  Serial.print(2*dim);
  Serial.print('\n');
  delay (100);
}