LSST EPO User testing spring 2018

foundational.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Instructions\n",
    "\n",
    "*To start your investigation, click \"Run\" from the menu bar, then select \"Run All Cells\"*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Introduction and Background\n",
    "\n",
    "Today you will be using a data visualization tool called the [H-R Diagram](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertzsprung–Russell_diagram), first developed more than a century ago by [Ejnar Hertzsprung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ejnar_Hertzsprung) from Denmark, and [Henry Norris Russell](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Norris_Russell), an American. The H-R Diagram will enable you to create your own \"window\" to the stars and explore what it can reveal about star properties such as size, temperature, and energy output.\n",
    "\n",
    "In order to accurately compare stars to each other and measure properties such as their energy outputs, it is important to account for the fact that two stars of the same brightness will look very different if one is farther away from Earth than the other. One way to address this issue is to collect data from a group of stars in a [star cluster](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_cluster), in which all the stars are the same distance away. Today you will collect and analyze data for the stars in one cluster, which will allow you to determine the variation that exists in stellar properties. \n",
    "\n",
    "In this investigation, the term [luminosity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminosity) refers to the total energy output from a star per unit of time. Luminosity is typically reported as a ratio of the star's energy output compared to the energy emitted by the Sun. For example, a star with a _solar luminosity_ of \"10\" emits ten times more energy than the Sun.\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Procedure and Data\n",
    "\n",
    "First call up the information and data for your star cluster. \n",
    "*Type in the name of your cluster and press Enter:* "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from bokeh.io import output_notebook\n",
    "from bokeh.plotting import show\n",
    "output_notebook(hide_banner=True)\n",
    "\n",
    "import hr\n",
    "hr.visual.hr_diagram_skyimage(\"berkeley20\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/eye_16x.svg)*Make your best estimate of which stars in the image belong to the cluster.*\n",
    "\n",
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/click_16x.svg)*Use your mouse to outline the boundary of the cluster.*\n",
    "\n",
    "You will now see a plot of all the data for the stars you selected displayed as an H-R Diagram.\n",
    "\n",
    "*Click on one of the stars in the cluster. You will see it highlighted on the H-R Diagram. Now try clicking on a star on the diagram, and find it in the cluster. Try this for several stars that look different, and also click on stars in a few different places on the diagram.*\n",
    "\n",
    "You can use the magnifying glass tool to enlarge the H-R Diagram, and the position tool to navigate to different areas of the H-R Diagram.\n",
    "\n",
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/click_16x.svg)*Use the slider tools to adjust the luminosities and temperatures that are displayed for help in answering the questions below.*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/pencil_16x.svg)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import ipywidgets as widgets\n",
    "first_question = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"1.\tRecord the hottest and coolest temperatures for the stars in your cluster.\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "second_question = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"2.\tRecord the largest and smallest luminosities for the stars in your cluster.\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "widgets.VBox([first_question, second_question])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/question_16x.svg) For the next question, answer each part by describing an area of the H-R Diagram. Answer with a combination of two of these words: left, right, top, bottom.  "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import ipywidgets as widgets\n",
    "\n",
    "question3a = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"3a.\tWhere on the H-R diagram are cool, dim stars located? What color are these stars?\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "question3b = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"3b.\tWhere on the H-R diagram are bright, cool stars located? What color are these stars?\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "question3c = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"3c.\tWhere on the H-R diagram are hot, dim stars located? What color are these stars?\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "question3d = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"3d.\tWhere on the H-R diagram are bright, hot stars located? What color are these stars?\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "\n",
    "widgets.VBox([question3a, question3b, question3c, question3d])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/eye_16x.svg)Notice that most stars occupy a region stretching from the upper left to the lower right of the diagram. This is known as the [main sequence](https://cnx.org/contents/LnN76Opl@13.153:EVgehrPG@9/The-HR-Diagram)."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/question_16x.svg)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import ipywidgets as widgets\n",
    "question4 = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"4.\tWhere on the main sequence are stars the most numerous? What color are these stars?\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "\n",
    "widgets.VBox([question4])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/question_16x.svg) \n",
    "# Discuss and report\n",
    "#### *Take a few minutes with your partner or small group to investigate and discuss the following:*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import ipywidgets as widgets\n",
    "\n",
    "question5 = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"5.\tThe Sun’s surface temperature is about 6000K. Suppose a main sequence star has a temperature three times greater than the Sun’s. How much more luminous than the Sun is the hotter star? Use your diagram to estimate an answer.\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "question6 = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"6.\tTwo stars have the same luminosity but differ in color. What physical property of the stars could explain this?\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "question7 = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"7.\tTwo supergiant stars have the same luminosity. One is yellow and the other is orange. Which one is larger? Explain your reasoning.\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "question8 = widgets.VBox(children=[widgets.Label(\"8.\tWhat physical property of stars could explain why stars in the lower left of the H-R Diagram are dimmer than the stars in the upper left, since they are both very hot?\"), widgets.Textarea(rows=1)])\n",
    "\n",
    "widgets.VBox([question5, question6, question7, question8])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### *Be prepared to report out and discuss your observations.*"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Summary\n",
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/pencil_16x.svg) Now that you have had a chance to discuss this, write a summary in the text box below that explains what you have learned about star temperatures, sizes and luminosities."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![Click](http://assets.lsst.rocks/data/icons/sized/svg/click_16x.svg)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import ipywidgets as widgets\n",
    "widgets.VBox([widgets.Textarea(rows=6), widgets.Label(value=\"When you are done, click Submit to send your completed notebook to your teacher.\"), widgets.Button(description=\"Submit\")])"
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.4.5"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 2
}

foundational_with_code.ipynb

foundational_with_code_day_2.ipynb