The basics here are to make sure you include the externs for advanced compliation and then to wrap the S3 client with an AWSXray capture client.
(def S3 (nodejs/require "aws-sdk/clients/s3"))
(def s3-client (S3. (clj->js {:httpOptions {:timeout 10000}})))
vs
(def S3 (nodejs/require "aws-sdk/clients/s3"))
(def AWSXRay (nodejs/require "aws-xray-sdk"))
(def s3-client (.captureAWSClient AWSXRay (S3. (clj->js {:httpOptions {:timeout 10000}}))))
References: