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August 28, 2017 06:45
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物理学术语对照
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Ⅰ、测量(measurement) | |
物理学physics | |
误差error | |
游码rider | |
测量measure (vt.) | |
实验experiment | |
温度temperature | |
长度length | |
实验室laboratory | |
摄氏度degree centigrade | |
单位unit | |
面积area | |
温度计thermometer | |
千米 kilometer | |
平方米square meter | |
体温计clinical thermometer | |
米meter | |
体积volume | |
时间time | |
分米decimeter | |
立方米cubic meter | |
小时hour | |
厘米centimeter | |
升Liter | |
分钟minute | |
毫米millimeter | |
毫升Milliliter | |
秒 second | |
微米micron | |
质量mass | |
毫秒millisecond | |
纳米nanometer | |
吨ton | |
停表stop watch | |
测量工具measuring tool | |
千克kilogram | |
力force | |
刻度尺meter ruler | |
克gram | |
牛顿Newton | |
最小刻度division value | |
毫克milligram | |
测力计dynamometer | |
零刻度线zero graduation line | |
天平balance | |
弹簧秤spring balance | |
测量范围measuring range | |
砝码weights | |
Ⅱ、运动(simple motion) | |
相对运动relative motion | |
方向direction | |
路程path | |
静止rest | |
直线运动rectilinear motion | |
速度velocity | |
参照物reference | |
曲线运动curvilinear motion | |
变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion | |
位置position | |
匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion | |
平均速度average velocity | |
Ⅲ、热(heat) | |
分子molecules | |
熔化melting | |
液化liquefaction | |
分子运动molecular motion | |
熔点melting point | |
升华sublimation | |
扩散diffusion | |
凝固solidification | |
凝华condensation | |
排斥力repulsive force | |
凝固点solidifying point | |
冰箱refrigerator | |
吸引力attractive force | |
晶体crystal | |
热传递heat transfer | |
物质substance | |
非晶体noncrystal | |
热传导heat conduction | |
物体object | |
吸收absorb(v.) | |
热对流heat convection | |
状态state | |
放出release(v.) | |
热辐射heat radiation | |
固体solid | |
汽化vaporization | |
热量heat | |
液体liquid | |
蒸发evaporation | |
比热(容)specific heat(capacity) | |
气体gas | |
沸腾boiling | |
物态变化state transformation | |
沸点boiling point | |
ⅠⅠ、光(light) | |
光源light source | |
入射角incident angle | |
焦距focal length | |
光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light | |
反射角reflection angle | |
会聚converge(v.) | |
小孔成像image byping hole | |
镜面反射mirror reflection | |
发散diverge(v.) | |
日食solar eclipse | |
漫反射diffuse reflection | |
光屏(屏幕)screen | |
月食lunar eclipse | |
平面镜plane mirror | |
照相机camera | |
光速velocity of light | |
潜望镜periscope | |
幻灯机slide projector | |
真空vacuum | |
蜡烛candle | |
电影放映机film projector | |
空气air | |
光的折射refractionof light | |
放大镜magnifier | |
玻璃glass | |
折射光线refracted ray | |
倒立的inverted | |
水water | |
折射角refraction angle | |
正立的erected | |
均匀介质well-distributed medium | |
透镜lens | |
缩小的reduced | |
光的反射reflectionof light | |
凸透镜convex lens | |
放大的amplified | |
反射定律reflection law | |
凹透镜concave lens | |
实像real image | |
入射光线incident ray | |
(主)光轴principal optical axis | |
虚像virtual image | |
反射光线reflected ray | |
光心optical centerof lens | |
海市蜃楼mirage | |
法线normal | |
焦点focus | |
光的色散dispersion of light | |
Ⅴ、磁(magnetism) | |
磁体agnet | |
小磁针magneticneedle | |
磁场magnetic field | |
天然磁体natural magnet | |
磁极magnetic pole | |
地磁场geomagnetic field | |
人造磁体man-made magnet | |
南极north pole | |
电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current | |
条形磁铁bar magnet | |
北极South pole | |
磁感线magnetic induction line | |
蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet | |
磁化magnetization | |
电磁铁electromagnet | |
三、声音(sound) | |
振动vibrate | |
声波wave of sound | |
振幅amplitude | |
介质medium | |
音调pitch | |
噪音noise | |
传播travel | |
响度loudness | |
乐音voice | |
声速velocity of sound | |
音色musical quality | |
分贝decibel(dB) | |
回声echo | |
频率frequency | |
四、力(force) | |
重力ravity | |
惯性inertia | |
动力motive force | |
重心center of gravity | |
平衡equilibrium | |
阻力resistance | |
摩擦力friction force | |
压强pressure | |
动力臂power arm | |
滑动摩擦sliding friction | |
帕斯卡ascal(Pa) | |
阻力臂resisting arm | |
滚动摩擦rolling friction | |
液体压强hydraulicpressure | |
作用线action-line | |
静摩擦static friction | |
大气压强atmosphericof pressure | |
滑轮pulley | |
压力pressure force | |
标准大气压standardatmospherepressure | |
定滑轮fixed pulley | |
浮力buoyancy force | |
气压计barometer | |
动滑轮movable pulley | |
力的图示force diagram | |
托里拆利Torricelli | |
滑轮组pulley block | |
力的大小magnitude of force | |
阿基米德原理Archimedes principle | |
功work | |
力的方向direction of force | |
密度density | |
功率power | |
力的作用点acting point of force | |
潜水艇submarine | |
机械效率mechanical efficiency | |
合力resultant force | |
热气球fire balloon | |
有用功useful work | |
分力omponent force | |
飞艇airship | |
额外功extra wok | |
力的合成composition of forces | |
简单机械simple mechanics | |
总功total work | |
形变deformation | |
杠杆lever | |
斜面inclined plane | |
牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law | |
支点pivot | |
五、电(electricity) | |
电荷electric charge | |
正极positive plate | |
电压voltage | |
带电体charged body | |
负极negative plate | |
伏特Volt | |
摩擦起电electrificationby friction | |
电路electric circuit | |
伏特计voltmeter | |
正电荷positive charge | |
通路closed circuit | |
电阻resistance | |
负电荷negative charge | |
开路open circuit | |
欧姆Ohm | |
导体conductor | |
短路short circuit | |
变阻器rheostat | |
绝缘体insulator | |
电路图ircuit map | |
滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat | |
半导体semiconductor | |
串联series connection | |
欧姆定律Ohm’s law | |
电源power source | |
并联parallel connection | |
电功electric work | |
导线wire | |
电量electric quantity | |
电功率electric power | |
电键key(switch) | |
电流electric current | |
额定电压rated voltage | |
干电池dry cell | |
安培Ampere | |
额定电功率rated power | |
蓄电池torage plate | |
安培计ammeter |
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