Matplotlib scatter with categorical colors and a custom legend

scatter_categorical_fixedLegend.txt

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.lines import Line2D

x = np.arange(0, 2*np.pi, 0.1)
y = np.sin(x)
clusters = np.random.randint(0,5, size=(x.shape[0],))
colors = plt.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle'].by_key()['color']
plt.scatter(x, y, c=[colors[c] for c in clusters])
plt.legend(handles=[Line2D([0], 
                           [0],
                           marker='o',
                           color='w',
                           label=f'Cluster {c}',
                           markerfacecolor=colors[c],
                           markersize=10)
                    for c in range(len(np.unique(clusters)))],
          fontsize=12,
          loc='lower left')