bash numerical conversion and bitwise functions

conversions_bitwise.sh

#!/bin/bash

# Conversion Functions
hex2dec() {
    printf "%d\n" "0x$1"
}

bin2dec() {
    echo "$((2#$1))"
}

dec2bin() {
    echo "obase=2; $1" | bc
}

dec2hex() {
    printf "%x\n" "$1"
}

bin2hex() {
    echo "obase=16; ibase=2; $1" | bc
}

hex2bin() {
    echo "obase=2; ibase=16; $1" | bc
}

# Determine input type and convert to decimal
input_to_dec() {
    if [[ $1 == 0x* ]]; then
        # hex input
        hex2dec "${1:2}"
    elif [[ $1 == 0b* ]]; then
        # binary input
        bin2dec "${1:2}"
    else
        # decimal input
        echo "$1"
    fi
}

# Bitwise operations
bit_and() {
    local a=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local b=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$((a & b))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

bit_or() {
    local a=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local b=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$((a | b))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

bit_xor() {
    local a=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local b=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$((a ^ b))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

bit_not() {
    local a=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local result=$((~a))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

left_shift() {
    local a=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local b=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$((a << b))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

right_shift() {
    local a=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local b=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$((a >> b))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

bitmask() {
    local value=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local bitmask=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$((value & bitmask))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

set_bit() {
    local value=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local bit_position=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$((value | (1 << bit_position)))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

clear_bit() {
    local value=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local bit_position=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$((value & ~(1 << bit_position)))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

toggle_bit() {
    local value=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local bit_position=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$((value ^ (1 << bit_position)))
    echo "decimal: $result"
    echo "binary: $(dec2bin $result)"
    echo "hex: 0x$(dec2hex $result)"
}

check_bit() {
    local value=$(input_to_dec "$1")
    local bit_position=$(input_to_dec "$2")
    local result=$(( (value >> bit_position) & 1 ))
    if [ $result -eq 1 ]; then
        echo "bit $bit_position is set (1)"
    else
        echo "bit $bit_position is not set (0)"
    fi
}

# Networking-specific Functions
ip_to_bin() {
    local IFS=.
    read -r i1 i2 i3 i4 <<< "$1"
    printf "%08d%08d%08d%08d\n" "$(bc <<< "obase=2;$i1")" "$(bc <<< "obase=2;$i2")" "$(bc <<< "obase=2;$i3")" "$(bc <<< "obase=2;$i4")"
}

bin_to_ip() {
    local bin="$1"
    echo "$((2#${bin:0:8}))"."$((2#${bin:8:8}))"."$((2#${bin:16:8}))"."$((2#${bin:24:8}))"
}

bitwise_and() {
    local bin1="$1"
    local bin2="$2"
    local result=""
    for ((i = 0; i < ${#bin1}; i++)); do
        result+=$(( ${bin1:i:1} & ${bin2:i:1} ))
    done
    echo "$result"
}

subnet_mask_bin() {
    local cidr="$1"
    local mask=""
    for ((i = 0; i < 32; i++)); do
        if [ "$i" -lt "$cidr" ]; then
            mask+="1"
        else
            mask+="0"
        fi
    done
    echo "$mask"
}

network_address() {
    local ip_bin
    local mask_bin
    ip_bin=$(ip_to_bin "$1")
    mask_bin=$(subnet_mask_bin "$2")
    bin_to_ip "$(bitwise_and "$ip_bin" "$mask_bin")"
}