jrodgz/LICENSE

## README.md

      
    Raw
  

              README.md
            
          
    Member: Joel D. Rodriguez-Ortiz

Note:

I'm still having problems with the bl.ocks.org preview. I'll have this figured out.
Raw Image Link
1. Magnitude as Position on a Common Scale


Common:

Channel Type: Magnitude

Channel: Position on Common Scale

Marks: Points and Lines


D3:
The goal of the visualization was to demonstrate the effect of manipulating the
position channel. This was achieved by placing small marks at different positions
and emphasized by using small lines to reinforce the mark's position. The line's
guide the eye to the dot's actual position and can be used as relative measurement
for comparison with other marks. Even though the position of the mark communicates
the actual information the lines play a big role in communicating this information
effectively.


Tableau:


We can achieve the same effect in tableau. Although I was unable to create the
distinct marks I was able to create in D3, the different bar positions on a unified
scale communicate the same meaning across. Because the bars are rectangular there is
no need to draw additional lines for emphasis.


2. Magnitude as an Area on a Common Scale


Common:

Channel Type: Magnitude

Channel: 2 Dimensional Size (Area)

Marks: Shaded Areas


D3:
The classic example for areas being used as an expressiveness channel feels like
the pie chart. I mean, I'm no info vis expert, but initially I was trying to draw
sphere's at arbitrary positions to deliberately show how this channel isn't particularly
good to communicate magnitude. But at some point I started again trying to figure
out which type of idiom could take advantage of expressing areas and I realized the
pie chart suits this channel. It tosses away two dimensional positions in favor of a
single idea, magnitude. Even if not precisely, you can certainly tell some slices are
bigger than others. Briefly, the pie chart demonstrates the use of expressing
magnitudes as areas.
Note this chart is inspired from: https://bl.ocks.org/mbostock/3887235.
There was a particularly useful aspect to making this chart.
As I dissected the example line by line I was able to realize how to navigate the DOM
more fluently using D3. I also learned about inducing false selections to create more
elements of a type that already exists. I also learned about D3's different layout
types and about the useful SVG path element.


Tableau:


The same pie chart was made in Tableau. I really, prefer making these in D3.
It's a little bit more effort but the amount of flexibility you get has no comparison.


3. Identify as Color Hue


Common:

Channel Type: Identity

Channel: Color Hue

Marks: Color


D3:
A bar chart like we've done several times allows portraying this channel cleanly.
By associating categories to the differnt data items, we can associate each to a different
color and demonstrate the use of the identity channel. This dataset is a small sample
of a grocery store's fruit stock. Although the dataset is small it demonstrates the use
of the color channel by associating each fruit type to a given color. The more challenging
part to this chart was making the legend in D3.


Tableau:


   The same effect can be shown using Tableau. However the legend in Tableau was nowhere near
   as hard as in D3. I still prefer D3 any day of the week though.
4. Identify as Spatial Region


Common:
Channel Type: Identity
Channel: Spatial Region
Marks: Lines as Specific Containment Areas


D3:
This visualization reads a portion of Pride and Justice from the Gutenberg Project.
It then maps the number of words counted that begin with alphabetic characters to a spatial region (area)
shown in the visualization. It simuluates finding all the words with the letter "a" and tossing them into the
same box, find all the words with "b" and tossing them into the same box, and so forth. Boxes mimic
categorical groups an din this visualization areas of containment are explicitly demarcated by lines.
Intead of showing all the words found in this box, the count of words found is displayed.
Because we already associate the alphabet with a given order and naturally begin from the top left,
it's pretty easy to use this visualization to the number of words read from Pride and Justice with the letter "a"
or the number of words read with the letter "x". This type of visualization is well suited towards
exploring the different categoies


Tableau:


I wasn't able to mimic exactly the same type of visualization in Tableau, but I was able to produce a table
that carries more or less the same effect. Categories are denoted by explicit lines of containment with
order of the categories following the natural order of the alphabet.


## identify_color.css
#left-axis-identify path
{
    fill: none;
    stroke: black;
    shape-rendering: crispEdges;
}

#left-axis-identify text
{
    font-family: sans-serif;
    font-size: 11px;
}

## identify_color.js
var range = 100;

var dataset =
[
    [ "bananas", 0, "yellow" ],
    [ "grapes", 0, "green" ],
    [ "dates", 0, "blue" ],
    [ "oranges", 0, "red" ],
    [ "tuna", 0, "purple" ]
];

for (var i = 0; i < dataset.length; ++i)
{
    var val = Math.round(Math.random() * range);
    dataset[i][1] = (val <= 10.0) ? 20 : val;
}

var chartWidth = 540;
var chartHeight = 300;
var legendWidth = 150;
var legendHeight = 100;
var padding = 20;

var svg = d3.select("body")
    .append("svg")
    .attr("width", chartWidth + legendWidth + padding)
    .attr("height", chartHeight);

// draw legend
var legendOffsetX = 5;
var legendOffsetY = 5;
var markWidth = 25;
var markHeight = 25;
var markPadding = 5;

var legend = svg.append("g")
    .attr("transform",
          "translate(" + legendOffsetX + "," + legendOffsetY + ")")
    .attr("id", "legend");

var legendMarks = legend.selectAll(".legend-icon")
    .data(dataset)
    .enter()
    .append("g")
    .attr("class", "legend-icon");

// I think I'm finally getting the fluent hang of this...
legendMarks.append("rect")
    .attr("x", function(d, i) {
        return legendOffsetX;
    })
    .attr("y", function(d, i) {
        return legendOffsetY +
               (markHeight + markPadding) * i;
    })
    .attr("width", markWidth)
    .attr("height", markHeight)
    .attr("fill", function(d) {
        return d[2];
    });

legendMarks.append("text")
    .attr("transform", function(d, i) {
        var x = legendOffsetX + markWidth + markPadding;
        var y = legendOffsetY + (markHeight + markPadding) * i;
        y += 20;
        return "translate(" + x + "," + y + ")";
    })
    .text(function(d) {
        return d[0];
    })
    .attr("style", "font-family: arial;");

var maxVal = d3.max(dataset, function(d) { return d[1]; });
var yScale = d3.scale.linear()
    .domain([0, maxVal])
    .range([chartHeight - padding, padding]);

var barPadding = 10;
var chart = svg.append("g").attr("id", "chart")
    .attr("transform",
          "translate(" + (legendWidth + padding) + "," + 0 + ")");

chart.selectAll(".chart-bar")
    .data(dataset)
    .enter()
    .append("rect")
    .attr("x", function(d, i) {
        return i * chartWidth / dataset.length;
    })
    .attr("y", function(d) { return chartHeight - padding - yScale(d[1]); })
    .attr("width", chartWidth / dataset.length - barPadding)
    .attr("height", function(d) { return yScale(d[1]); })
    .attr("fill", function(d) {
        return d[2];
    })
    .attr("class", "chart-bar");

var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
    .scale(yScale)
    .orient("left")
    .ticks(10);

chart.append("g")
    .attr("id", "left-axis-identify")
    .attr("transform", "translate(" + -10 + ",0)")
    .call(yAxis);

## identify_spatial_region.css
svg text
{
    font-family: sans-serif;
    font-size: 10px;
    text-align: center;
}

#canvas rect
{
    border-width: 5px;
    stroke: red;
}

## identify_spatial_region.js
// data source: http://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/1342/pg1342.txt

alphabet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'.split('');
keys = {};
for (var i = 0; i < alphabet.length; ++i)
{
    keys[alphabet[i]] = i;
}

dataset = [];
for (var i = 0; i < alphabet.length; ++i)
{
    dataset.push(0);
}

d3.text("z_pride_and_prejudice.txt", "text/plain", function(error, text) {
    words = text.split(" ");
    words.forEach(function(word) {
        word = word.toLowerCase();
        if (word.charAt(0).match(/[a-z]/))
        {
            dataset[keys[word.charAt(0)]] += 1;
        }
    });

    var padding = 5;
    var svgWidth = 250;
    var svgHeight = 250;
    var nCols = 4;
    var nRows = Math.ceil(alphabet.length / nCols);
    var svg = d3.select("body")
        .append("svg")
        .attr("width", svgWidth)
        .attr("height", svgHeight)
        .attr("id", "canvas");

    var tileWidth = svgWidth / nCols;
    var tileHeight = svgHeight / nRows;

    tiles = svg.selectAll(".tile")
        .data(dataset)
        .enter()
        .append("g")
        .attr("transform", function(d, i) {
            var x = tileWidth * (i % nCols);
            var y = tileHeight * Math.floor(i / nCols);
            return "translate(" + x + "," + y + ")";
        })
        .attr("class", "tile");

    tiles.append("rect")
        .attr("x", 0)
        .attr("y", 0)
        .attr("width", tileWidth)
        .attr("height", tileHeight)
        .attr("style", "fill: none;");

    var yCenter = tileHeight / 1.65;
    var xOffset = 10.0;
    tiles.append("text")
        .text(function(d, i) {
            return alphabet[i].toUpperCase() + " : " + d;
        })
        .attr("transform", "translate(" + xOffset + "," + yCenter + ")");
});

## index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/3.5.5/d3.min.js"></script>
    <link href="magnitude_position.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <link href="magnitude_area.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <link href="identify_color.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <link href="identify_spatial_region.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
    <style>
        h2
        {
            font-family: arial;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <h2>Magnitude as Position on a Common Scale</h2>
    <script src="magnitude_position.js" type="text/javascript"> </script>
    <br />
    <h2>Magnitude as Area</h2>
    <script src="magnitude_area.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
    <br />
    <h2>Identify as Color Hue</h2>
    <script src="identify_color.js" type="text/javascript"> </script>
    <br />
    <h2>Identify as Spatial Region</h2>
    <script src="identify_spatial_region.js" type="text/javascript"> </script>
</body>

## LICENSE


## magnitude_area.css
.arc text {
  font: 10px sans-serif;
  text-anchor: middle;
}

.arc path {
  stroke: #fff;
}


## magnitude_area.js
// the original knowledge for how to make this chart came from here
// https://bl.ocks.org/mbostock/3887235

// common attributes
var width = 640;
var height = 640;
var radius = Math.min(width, height) / 2;

// generate a random data set
var dataset = [];
var range = 1000;
var n = 25;
for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
    dataset.push(Math.round(Math.random() * range));
}

function randomColor()
{
    var tokens = '0123456789ABCDEF'.split('');
    var color = '#';
    for (var i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
    {
        color += tokens[Math.floor(Math.random() * 16)];
    }
    return color;
}

var colors = [];
for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
    colors.push(randomColor());
}

var arc = d3.svg.arc()
    .outerRadius(radius - 10)
    .innerRadius(25);

// [layout.pie](https://github.com/mbostock/d3/wiki/Pie-Layout#pie)
var pieChart = d3.layout.pie()
    .sort(null)
    .value(function(d) { return d; });

// translate to the center of the svg
// <g transform="translate(320,320)"></g>
var svg = d3.select("body")
    .append("svg")
    .attr("width", width)
    .attr("height", height)
    .append("g")
    .attr("transform", "translate(" + width / 2 + "," + height / 2 + ")");

// select the previously created group
// by inducing a selection that doesn't exist (select for class "arc")
// create a new group for each slice of pie in the data set
var g = svg.selectAll(".arc")
    .data(pieChart(dataset))
    .enter()
    .append("g")
    .attr("class", "arc");

// each points to each of the previously created groups
// acting on it will act "for each group"
// so, to each previously selected group we append a path and
// fill it with a color
g.append("path")
    .attr("d", arc)
    .style("fill", function (d, i) {
        return colors[i];
    });

// append text labels by creating a new arcs at the
// desired text position
var labelArc = d3.svg.arc()
    .outerRadius(radius - 100)
    .innerRadius(radius - 100);

g.append("text")
    .attr("transform", function(d) {
        return "translate(" + labelArc.centroid(d) + ")";
    })
    .attr("dy", ".35em")
    .text(function(d, i) { return i.toString(); });

## magnitude_position.css
.axis path,
.axis line
{
    fill: none;
    stroke: black;
    shape-rendering: crispEdges;
}

.axis text
{
    font-family: sans-serif;
    font-size: 11px;
}

#left-axis text
{
    display: none;
}

.grid-line
{
    fill: none;
    stroke: red;
    shape-rendering: crispEdges;
}

circle
{
    stroke: blue;
}

.data-line
{
    stroke-width: 2px;
    stroke: yellow;
}

svg line:last-child
{
    stroke-width: 10px;
}

## magnitude_position.js
// common attributes
var width = 640;
var height = 640;
var padding = 30;

// generate a random data set
var dataset = [];
var range = 1000;
var n = 25;
for (var i = 0; i < n; ++i)
{
    dataset.push(Math.round(Math.random() * range));
}

console.log(dataset);

// define scales
var xScale = d3.scale.linear()
    .domain([0, d3.max(dataset)])
    .range([padding, width - padding * 2]);

var yScale = d3.scale.linear()
    .domain([0, dataset.length - 1])
    .range([height - padding, padding]);

// create svg element
var svg = d3.select("body")
    .append("svg")
    .attr("width", width)
    .attr("height", height);

// populate data
svg.selectAll("line")
    .data(dataset)
    .enter()
    .append("line")
    .attr("x1", padding)
    .attr("y1", function(d, i) {
        return yScale(i);
    })
    .attr("x2", function(d) {
        return xScale(d);
    })
    .attr("y2", function(d, i) {
        return yScale(i)
    })
    .attr("stroke-dasharray", "1,1")
    .attr("class", "grid-line")

svg.selectAll("circle")
    .data(dataset)
    .enter()
    .append("circle")
    .attr("cx", function(d) {
        return xScale(d);
    })
    .attr("cy", function(d, i) {
        return yScale(i);
    })
    .attr("r", 5);

// define axes
var xAxis = d3.svg.axis()
    .scale(xScale)
    .orient("bottom")
    .ticks(10);

svg.append("g")
    .attr("class", "axis")
    .attr("transform", "translate(0," + (height - padding) + ")")
    .call(xAxis);

var yAxis = d3.svg.axis()
    .scale(yScale)
    .orient("left")
    .ticks(dataset.length);

svg.append("g")
    .attr("class", "axis")
    .attr("id", "left-axis")
    .attr("transform", "translate(" + padding + ",0)")
    .call(yAxis);

## z_pride_and_prejudice.txt
The Project Gutenberg EBook of Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org


Title: Pride and Prejudice

Author: Jane Austen

Posting Date: August 26, 2008 [EBook #1342]
Release Date: June, 1998
Last updated: February 15, 2015]

Language: English


*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PRIDE AND PREJUDICE ***


Produced by Anonymous Volunteers


PRIDE AND PREJUDICE

By Jane Austen


Chapter 1


It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession
of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.

However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his
first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds
of the surrounding families, that he is considered the rightful property
of some one or other of their daughters.

"My dear Mr. Bennet," said his lady to him one day, "have you heard that
Netherfield Park is let at last?"

Mr. Bennet replied that he had not.

"But it is," returned she; "for Mrs. Long has just been here, and she
told me all about it."

Mr. Bennet made no answer.

"Do you not want to know who has taken it?" cried his wife impatiently.

"_You_ want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it."

This was invitation enough.

"Why, my dear, you must know, Mrs. Long says that Netherfield is taken
by a young man of large fortune from the north of England; that he came
down on Monday in a chaise and four to see the place, and was so much
delighted with it, that he agreed with Mr. Morris immediately; that he
is to take possession before Michaelmas, and some of his servants are to
be in the house by the end of next week."

"What is his name?"

"Bingley."

"Is he married or single?"

"Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or
five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!"

"How so? How can it affect them?"

"My dear Mr. Bennet," replied his wife, "how can you be so tiresome! You
must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them."

"Is that his design in settling here?"

"Design! Nonsense, how can you talk so! But it is very likely that he
_may_ fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as
soon as he comes."

"I see no occasion for that. You and the girls may go, or you may send
them by themselves, which perhaps will be still better, for as you are
as handsome as any of them, Mr. Bingley may like you the best of the
party."

"My dear, you flatter me. I certainly _have_ had my share of beauty, but
I do not pretend to be anything extraordinary now. When a woman has five
grown-up daughters, she ought to give over thinking of her own beauty."

"In such cases, a woman has not often much beauty to think of."

"But, my dear, you must indeed go and see Mr. Bingley when he comes into
the neighbourhood."

"It is more than I engage for, I assure you."

"But consider your daughters. Only think what an establishment it would
be for one of them. Sir William and Lady Lucas are determined to
go, merely on that account, for in general, you know, they visit no
newcomers. Indeed you must go, for it will be impossible for _us_ to
visit him if you do not."

"You are over-scrupulous, surely. I dare say Mr. Bingley will be very
glad to see you; and I will send a few lines by you to assure him of my
hearty consent to his marrying whichever he chooses of the girls; though
I must throw in a good word for my little Lizzy."

"I desire you will do no such thing. Lizzy is not a bit better than the
others; and I am sure she is not half so handsome as Jane, nor half so
good-humoured as Lydia. But you are always giving _her_ the preference."

"They have none of them much to recommend them," replied he; "they are
all silly and ignorant like other girls; but Lizzy has something more of
quickness than her sisters."

"Mr. Bennet, how _can_ you abuse your own children in such a way? You
take delight in vexing me. You have no compassion for my poor nerves."

"You mistake me, my dear. I have a high respect for your nerves. They
are my old friends. I have heard you mention them with consideration
these last twenty years at least."

"Ah, you do not know what I suffer."

"But I hope you will get over it, and live to see many young men of four
thousand a year come into the neighbourhood."

"It will be no use to us, if twenty such should come, since you will not
visit them."

"Depend upon it, my dear, that when there are twenty, I will visit them
all."

Mr. Bennet was so odd a mixture of quick parts, sarcastic humour,
reserve, and caprice, that the experience of three-and-twenty years had
been insufficient to make his wife understand his character. _Her_ mind
was less difficult to develop. She was a woman of mean understanding,
little information, and uncertain temper. When she was discontented,
she fancied herself nervous. The business of her life was to get her
daughters married; its solace was visiting and news.


Chapter 2


Mr. Bennet was among the earliest of those who waited on Mr. Bingley. He
had always intended to visit him, though to the last always assuring
his wife that he should not go; and till the evening after the visit was
paid she had no knowledge of it. It was then disclosed in the following
manner. Observing his second daughter employed in trimming a hat, he
suddenly addressed her with:

"I hope Mr. Bingley will like it, Lizzy."

"We are not in a way to know _what_ Mr. Bingley likes," said her mother
resentfully, "since we are not to visit."

"But you forget, mamma," said Elizabeth, "that we shall meet him at the
assemblies, and that Mrs. Long promised to introduce him."

"I do not believe Mrs. Long will do any such thing. She has two nieces
of her own. She is a selfish, hypocritical woman, and I have no opinion
of her."

"No more have I," said Mr. Bennet; "and I am glad to find that you do
not depend on her serving you."

Mrs. Bennet deigned not to make any reply, but, unable to contain
herself, began scolding one of her daughters.

"Don't keep coughing so, Kitty, for Heaven's sake! Have a little
compassion on my nerves. You tear them to pieces."

"Kitty has no discretion in her coughs," said her father; "she times
them ill."

"I do not cough for my own amusement," replied Kitty fretfully. "When is
your next ball to be, Lizzy?"

"To-morrow fortnight."

"Aye, so it is," cried her mother, "and Mrs. Long does not come back
till the day before; so it will be impossible for her to introduce him,
for she will not know him herself."

"Then, my dear, you may have the advantage of your friend, and introduce
Mr. Bingley to _her_."

"Impossible, Mr. Bennet, impossible, when I am not acquainted with him
myself; how can you be so teasing?"

"I honour your circumspection. A fortnight's acquaintance is certainly
very little. One cannot know what a man really is by the end of a
fortnight. But if _we_ do not venture somebody else will; and after all,
Mrs. Long and her neices must stand their chance; and, therefore, as
she will think it an act of kindness, if you decline the office, I will
take it on myself."

The girls stared at their father. Mrs. Bennet said only, "Nonsense,
nonsense!"

"What can be the meaning of that emphatic exclamation?" cried he. "Do
you consider the forms of introduction, and the stress that is laid on
them, as nonsense? I cannot quite agree with you _there_. What say you,
Mary? For you are a young lady of deep reflection, I know, and read
great books and make extracts."

Mary wished to say something sensible, but knew not how.

"While Mary is adjusting her ideas," he continued, "let us return to Mr.
Bingley."

"I am sick of Mr. Bingley," cried his wife.

"I am sorry to hear _that_; but why did not you tell me that before? If
I had known as much this morning I certainly would not have called
on him. It is very unlucky; but as I have actually paid the visit, we
cannot escape the acquaintance now."

The astonishment of the ladies was just what he wished; that of Mrs.
Bennet perhaps surpassing the rest; though, when the first tumult of joy
was over, she began to declare that it was what she had expected all the
while.

"How good it was in you, my dear Mr. Bennet! But I knew I should
persuade you at last. I was sure you loved your girls too well to
neglect such an acquaintance. Well, how pleased I am! and it is such a
good joke, too, that you should have gone this morning and never said a
word about it till now."

"Now, Kitty, you may cough as much as you choose," said Mr. Bennet; and,
as he spoke, he left the room, fatigued with the raptures of his wife.

"What an excellent father you have, girls!" said she, when the door was
shut. "I do not know how you will ever make him amends for his kindness;
or me, either, for that matter. At our time of life it is not so
pleasant, I can tell you, to be making new acquaintances every day; but
for your sakes, we would do anything. Lydia, my love, though you _are_
the youngest, I dare say Mr. Bingley will dance with you at the next
ball."

"Oh!" said Lydia stoutly, "I am not afraid; for though I _am_ the
youngest, I'm the tallest."

The rest of the evening was spent in conjecturing how soon he would
return Mr. Bennet's visit, and determining when they should ask him to
dinner.


Chapter 3


Not all that Mrs. Bennet, however, with the assistance of her five
daughters, could ask on the subject, was sufficient to draw from her
husband any satisfactory description of Mr. Bingley. They attacked him
in various ways--with barefaced questions, ingenious suppositions, and
distant surmises; but he eluded the skill of them all, and they were at
last obliged to accept the second-hand intelligence of their neighbour,
Lady Lucas. Her report was highly favourable. Sir William had been
delighted with him. He was quite young, wonderfully handsome, extremely
agreeable, and, to crown the whole, he meant to be at the next assembly
with a large party. Nothing could be more delightful! To be fond of
dancing was a certain step towards falling in love; and very lively
hopes of Mr. Bingley's heart were entertained.

"If I can but see one of my daughters happily settled at Netherfield,"
said Mrs. Bennet to her husband, "and all the others equally well
married, I shall have nothing to wish for."

In a few days Mr. Bingley returned Mr. Bennet's visit, and sat about
ten minutes with him in his library. He had entertained hopes of being
admitted to a sight of the young ladies, of whose beauty he had
heard much; but he saw only the father. The ladies were somewhat more
fortunate, for they had the advantage of ascertaining from an upper
window that he wore a blue coat, and rode a black horse.

An invitation to dinner was soon afterwards dispatched; and already
had Mrs. Bennet planned the courses that were to do credit to her
housekeeping, when an answer arrived which deferred it all. Mr. Bingley
was obliged to be in town the following day, and, consequently, unable
to accept the honour of their invitation, etc. Mrs. Bennet was quite
disconcerted. She could not imagine what business he could have in town
so soon after his arrival in Hertfordshire; and she began to fear that
he might be always flying about from one place to another, and never
settled at Netherfield as he ought to be. Lady Lucas quieted her fears
a little by starting the idea of his being gone to London only to get
a large party for the ball; and a report soon followed that Mr. Bingley
was to bring twelve ladies and seven gentlemen with him to the assembly.
The girls grieved over such a number of ladies, but were comforted the
day before the ball by hearing, that instead of twelve he brought only
six with him from London--his five sisters and a cousin. And when
the party entered the assembly room it consisted of only five
altogether--Mr. Bingley, his two sisters, the husband of the eldest, and
another young man.

Mr. Bingley was good-looking and gentlemanlike; he had a pleasant
countenance, and easy, unaffected manners. His sisters were fine women,
with an air of decided fashion. His brother-in-law, Mr. Hurst, merely
looked the gentleman; but his friend Mr. Darcy soon drew the attention
of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien, and
the report which was in general circulation within five minutes
after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year. The gentlemen
pronounced him to be a fine figure of a man, the ladies declared he
was much handsomer than Mr. Bingley, and he was looked at with great
admiration for about half the evening, till his manners gave a disgust
which turned the tide of his popularity; for he was discovered to be
proud; to be above his company, and above being pleased; and not all
his large estate in Derbyshire could then save him from having a most
forbidding, disagreeable countenance, and being unworthy to be compared
with his friend.

Mr. Bingley had soon made himself acquainted with all the principal
people in the room; he was lively and unreserved, danced every dance,
was angry that the ball closed so early, and talked of giving
one himself at Netherfield. Such amiable qualities must speak for
themselves. What a contrast between him and his friend! Mr. Darcy danced
only once with Mrs. Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined being
introduced to any other lady, and spent the rest of the evening in
walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party.
His character was decided. He was the proudest, most disagreeable man
in the world, and everybody hoped that he would never come there again.
Amongst the most violent against him was Mrs. Bennet, whose dislike of
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	The Project Gutenberg EBook of Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen

	This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
	almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
	re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
	with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org


	Title: Pride and Prejudice

	Author: Jane Austen

	Posting Date: August 26, 2008 [EBook #1342]
	Release Date: June, 1998
	Last updated: February 15, 2015]

	Language: English


	* START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PRIDE AND PREJUDICE *




	Produced by Anonymous Volunteers





	PRIDE AND PREJUDICE

	By Jane Austen



	Chapter 1


	It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession
	of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.

	However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his
	first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds
	of the surrounding families, that he is considered the rightful property
	of some one or other of their daughters.

	"My dear Mr. Bennet," said his lady to him one day, "have you heard that
	Netherfield Park is let at last?"

	Mr. Bennet replied that he had not.

	"But it is," returned she; "for Mrs. Long has just been here, and she
	told me all about it."

	Mr. Bennet made no answer.

	"Do you not want to know who has taken it?" cried his wife impatiently.

	"_You_ want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it."

	This was invitation enough.

	"Why, my dear, you must know, Mrs. Long says that Netherfield is taken
	by a young man of large fortune from the north of England; that he came
	down on Monday in a chaise and four to see the place, and was so much
	delighted with it, that he agreed with Mr. Morris immediately; that he
	is to take possession before Michaelmas, and some of his servants are to
	be in the house by the end of next week."

	"What is his name?"

	"Bingley."

	"Is he married or single?"

	"Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or
	five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!"

	"How so? How can it affect them?"

	"My dear Mr. Bennet," replied his wife, "how can you be so tiresome! You
	must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them."

	"Is that his design in settling here?"

	"Design! Nonsense, how can you talk so! But it is very likely that he
	_may_ fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as
	soon as he comes."

	"I see no occasion for that. You and the girls may go, or you may send
	them by themselves, which perhaps will be still better, for as you are
	as handsome as any of them, Mr. Bingley may like you the best of the
	party."

	"My dear, you flatter me. I certainly _have_ had my share of beauty, but
	I do not pretend to be anything extraordinary now. When a woman has five
	grown-up daughters, she ought to give over thinking of her own beauty."

	"In such cases, a woman has not often much beauty to think of."

	"But, my dear, you must indeed go and see Mr. Bingley when he comes into
	the neighbourhood."

	"It is more than I engage for, I assure you."

	"But consider your daughters. Only think what an establishment it would
	be for one of them. Sir William and Lady Lucas are determined to
	go, merely on that account, for in general, you know, they visit no
	newcomers. Indeed you must go, for it will be impossible for _us_ to
	visit him if you do not."

	"You are over-scrupulous, surely. I dare say Mr. Bingley will be very
	glad to see you; and I will send a few lines by you to assure him of my
	hearty consent to his marrying whichever he chooses of the girls; though
	I must throw in a good word for my little Lizzy."

	"I desire you will do no such thing. Lizzy is not a bit better than the
	others; and I am sure she is not half so handsome as Jane, nor half so
	good-humoured as Lydia. But you are always giving _her_ the preference."

	"They have none of them much to recommend them," replied he; "they are
	all silly and ignorant like other girls; but Lizzy has something more of
	quickness than her sisters."

	"Mr. Bennet, how _can_ you abuse your own children in such a way? You
	take delight in vexing me. You have no compassion for my poor nerves."

	"You mistake me, my dear. I have a high respect for your nerves. They
	are my old friends. I have heard you mention them with consideration
	these last twenty years at least."

	"Ah, you do not know what I suffer."

	"But I hope you will get over it, and live to see many young men of four
	thousand a year come into the neighbourhood."

	"It will be no use to us, if twenty such should come, since you will not
	visit them."

	"Depend upon it, my dear, that when there are twenty, I will visit them
	all."

	Mr. Bennet was so odd a mixture of quick parts, sarcastic humour,
	reserve, and caprice, that the experience of three-and-twenty years had
	been insufficient to make his wife understand his character. _Her_ mind
	was less difficult to develop. She was a woman of mean understanding,
	little information, and uncertain temper. When she was discontented,
	she fancied herself nervous. The business of her life was to get her
	daughters married; its solace was visiting and news.



	Chapter 2


	Mr. Bennet was among the earliest of those who waited on Mr. Bingley. He
	had always intended to visit him, though to the last always assuring
	his wife that he should not go; and till the evening after the visit was
	paid she had no knowledge of it. It was then disclosed in the following
	manner. Observing his second daughter employed in trimming a hat, he
	suddenly addressed her with:

	"I hope Mr. Bingley will like it, Lizzy."

	"We are not in a way to know _what_ Mr. Bingley likes," said her mother
	resentfully, "since we are not to visit."

	"But you forget, mamma," said Elizabeth, "that we shall meet him at the
	assemblies, and that Mrs. Long promised to introduce him."

	"I do not believe Mrs. Long will do any such thing. She has two nieces
	of her own. She is a selfish, hypocritical woman, and I have no opinion
	of her."

	"No more have I," said Mr. Bennet; "and I am glad to find that you do
	not depend on her serving you."

	Mrs. Bennet deigned not to make any reply, but, unable to contain
	herself, began scolding one of her daughters.

	"Don't keep coughing so, Kitty, for Heaven's sake! Have a little
	compassion on my nerves. You tear them to pieces."

	"Kitty has no discretion in her coughs," said her father; "she times
	them ill."

	"I do not cough for my own amusement," replied Kitty fretfully. "When is
	your next ball to be, Lizzy?"

	"To-morrow fortnight."

	"Aye, so it is," cried her mother, "and Mrs. Long does not come back
	till the day before; so it will be impossible for her to introduce him,
	for she will not know him herself."

	"Then, my dear, you may have the advantage of your friend, and introduce
	Mr. Bingley to _her_."

	"Impossible, Mr. Bennet, impossible, when I am not acquainted with him
	myself; how can you be so teasing?"

	"I honour your circumspection. A fortnight's acquaintance is certainly
	very little. One cannot know what a man really is by the end of a
	fortnight. But if _we_ do not venture somebody else will; and after all,
	Mrs. Long and her neices must stand their chance; and, therefore, as
	she will think it an act of kindness, if you decline the office, I will
	take it on myself."

	The girls stared at their father. Mrs. Bennet said only, "Nonsense,
	nonsense!"

	"What can be the meaning of that emphatic exclamation?" cried he. "Do
	you consider the forms of introduction, and the stress that is laid on
	them, as nonsense? I cannot quite agree with you _there_. What say you,
	Mary? For you are a young lady of deep reflection, I know, and read
	great books and make extracts."

	Mary wished to say something sensible, but knew not how.

	"While Mary is adjusting her ideas," he continued, "let us return to Mr.
	Bingley."

	"I am sick of Mr. Bingley," cried his wife.

	"I am sorry to hear _that_; but why did not you tell me that before? If
	I had known as much this morning I certainly would not have called
	on him. It is very unlucky; but as I have actually paid the visit, we
	cannot escape the acquaintance now."

	The astonishment of the ladies was just what he wished; that of Mrs.
	Bennet perhaps surpassing the rest; though, when the first tumult of joy
	was over, she began to declare that it was what she had expected all the
	while.

	"How good it was in you, my dear Mr. Bennet! But I knew I should
	persuade you at last. I was sure you loved your girls too well to
	neglect such an acquaintance. Well, how pleased I am! and it is such a
	good joke, too, that you should have gone this morning and never said a
	word about it till now."

	"Now, Kitty, you may cough as much as you choose," said Mr. Bennet; and,
	as he spoke, he left the room, fatigued with the raptures of his wife.

	"What an excellent father you have, girls!" said she, when the door was
	shut. "I do not know how you will ever make him amends for his kindness;
	or me, either, for that matter. At our time of life it is not so
	pleasant, I can tell you, to be making new acquaintances every day; but
	for your sakes, we would do anything. Lydia, my love, though you _are_
	the youngest, I dare say Mr. Bingley will dance with you at the next
	ball."

	"Oh!" said Lydia stoutly, "I am not afraid; for though I _am_ the
	youngest, I'm the tallest."

	The rest of the evening was spent in conjecturing how soon he would
	return Mr. Bennet's visit, and determining when they should ask him to
	dinner.



	Chapter 3


	Not all that Mrs. Bennet, however, with the assistance of her five
	daughters, could ask on the subject, was sufficient to draw from her
	husband any satisfactory description of Mr. Bingley. They attacked him
	in various ways--with barefaced questions, ingenious suppositions, and
	distant surmises; but he eluded the skill of them all, and they were at
	last obliged to accept the second-hand intelligence of their neighbour,
	Lady Lucas. Her report was highly favourable. Sir William had been
	delighted with him. He was quite young, wonderfully handsome, extremely
	agreeable, and, to crown the whole, he meant to be at the next assembly
	with a large party. Nothing could be more delightful! To be fond of
	dancing was a certain step towards falling in love; and very lively
	hopes of Mr. Bingley's heart were entertained.

	"If I can but see one of my daughters happily settled at Netherfield,"
	said Mrs. Bennet to her husband, "and all the others equally well
	married, I shall have nothing to wish for."

	In a few days Mr. Bingley returned Mr. Bennet's visit, and sat about
	ten minutes with him in his library. He had entertained hopes of being
	admitted to a sight of the young ladies, of whose beauty he had
	heard much; but he saw only the father. The ladies were somewhat more
	fortunate, for they had the advantage of ascertaining from an upper
	window that he wore a blue coat, and rode a black horse.

	An invitation to dinner was soon afterwards dispatched; and already
	had Mrs. Bennet planned the courses that were to do credit to her
	housekeeping, when an answer arrived which deferred it all. Mr. Bingley
	was obliged to be in town the following day, and, consequently, unable
	to accept the honour of their invitation, etc. Mrs. Bennet was quite
	disconcerted. She could not imagine what business he could have in town
	so soon after his arrival in Hertfordshire; and she began to fear that
	he might be always flying about from one place to another, and never
	settled at Netherfield as he ought to be. Lady Lucas quieted her fears
	a little by starting the idea of his being gone to London only to get
	a large party for the ball; and a report soon followed that Mr. Bingley
	was to bring twelve ladies and seven gentlemen with him to the assembly.
	The girls grieved over such a number of ladies, but were comforted the
	day before the ball by hearing, that instead of twelve he brought only
	six with him from London--his five sisters and a cousin. And when
	the party entered the assembly room it consisted of only five
	altogether--Mr. Bingley, his two sisters, the husband of the eldest, and
	another young man.

	Mr. Bingley was good-looking and gentlemanlike; he had a pleasant
	countenance, and easy, unaffected manners. His sisters were fine women,
	with an air of decided fashion. His brother-in-law, Mr. Hurst, merely
	looked the gentleman; but his friend Mr. Darcy soon drew the attention
	of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien, and
	the report which was in general circulation within five minutes
	after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year. The gentlemen
	pronounced him to be a fine figure of a man, the ladies declared he
	was much handsomer than Mr. Bingley, and he was looked at with great
	admiration for about half the evening, till his manners gave a disgust
	which turned the tide of his popularity; for he was discovered to be
	proud; to be above his company, and above being pleased; and not all
	his large estate in Derbyshire could then save him from having a most
	forbidding, disagreeable countenance, and being unworthy to be compared
	with his friend.

	Mr. Bingley had soon made himself acquainted with all the principal
	people in the room; he was lively and unreserved, danced every dance,
	was angry that the ball closed so early, and talked of giving
	one himself at Netherfield. Such amiable qualities must speak for
	themselves. What a contrast between him and his friend! Mr. Darcy danced
	only once with Mrs. Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined being
	introduced to any other lady, and spent the rest of the evening in
	walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party.
	His character was decided. He was the proudest, most disagreeable man
	in the world, and everybody hoped that he would never come there again.
	Amongst the most violent against him was Mrs. Bennet, whose dislike of
	his general behaviour was sharpened into particular resentment by his
	having slighted one of her daughters.