Startup.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Security.Claims;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Cookies;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.OpenIdConnect;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Extensions;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Protocols.OpenIdConnect;
using Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens;
using Microsoft.Net.Http.Headers;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using TwinPortsPulse.Core;
using TwinPortsPulse.Core.Config.Api;
using TwinPortsPulse.Data;
using TwinPortsPulse.Services;
using TwinPortsPulse.SharedValues;
using TwinPortsPulse.WebApi.Web.Data;
using ILogger = Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.ILogger;

namespace TwinPortsPulse.WebApi
{
    public class Startup
    {
        readonly ILogger _Logger;
        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;

            _Logger = GetEarlyInitializationLogger();
        }

        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddOptions();
            services.AddRazorPages();
            services.AddServerSideBlazor();

            services
            .Configure<ApiConfig>(Configuration)
            .Configure<RazorPagesOptions>(options => options.RootDirectory = "/Web/Pages")
            .Configure<CookiePolicyOptions>(options =>
            {
                // This lambda determines whether user consent for non-essential cookies is needed for a given request.
                options.CheckConsentNeeded = context => true;
                options.MinimumSameSitePolicy = Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.SameSiteMode.None;
            });

            services
            .AddSignalR()
            .AddAzureSignalR();

            services.AddSingleton<TppApiKeyHub>();
            services.AddSingleton<SearchApiKeyHub>();

            // Replace System.Text.Json with Newtonsoft Json.NET, because System.Text.Json does not yet support preventing serializing circular references.
            services.AddControllers().AddNewtonsoftJson(options =>
            {
                options.SerializerSettings.ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Ignore;
            });

            // Register the DB context with DI
            services.AddDbContext<TwinPortsPulseDbContext>(options =>
            {
                string databaseConnectionString = Configuration.GetConnectionString("DBConnectionString");
                if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(databaseConnectionString))
                    throw new Exception($"{nameof(Startup)}.{nameof(ConfigureServices)}(): connection string cannot be null or empty");

                options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DBConnectionString"));
#if DEBUG
                options.EnableDetailedErrors();
                options.EnableSensitiveDataLogging();
#endif
            }, ServiceLifetime.Transient);

            services.AddSwaggerDocument(config =>
            {
                config.Title = "Twin Ports Pulse API";
            });

            // Register all ~Services from given assemblies
            services.RegisterServices(ServiceLifetime.Transient, Assembly.GetAssembly(typeof(AggregateService)));

            // Replaces the auto-registered IAuthManagementService transient with a singleton.
            // Necessary because we want to hold onto the Management API's token for as long as possible in memory, not transiently.
            // ...because the above RegisterServices() extension method that I wrote automatically transiently registers all ~Service-suffixed classes that implement interfaces.
            var authManagementServiceDescriptor = new ServiceDescriptor(
                typeof(IAuthManagementService),
                _ => new AuthManagementService(_.GetRequiredService<IOptionsMonitor<ApiConfig>>().CurrentValue, _.GetRequiredService<ILogger<AuthManagementService>>()),
                ServiceLifetime.Singleton);
            services.Replace(authManagementServiceDescriptor);

            string domain = $"{Configuration["Auth0:Domain"]}";
            string authority = $"https://{domain}/";
            string audience = Configuration["Auth0:Audience"];
            string clientId = Configuration["Auth0:ClientId"];
            string clientSecret = Configuration["Auth0:ClientSecret"];

            services.AddAuthentication(options =>
            {
                options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                options.DefaultSignInScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
                options.DefaultChallengeScheme = CookieAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
            })
            .AddJwtBearer(options =>
            {
                options.Authority = authority;
                options.Audience = clientId;
                options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters { NameClaimType = ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier };
            })
            .AddCookie()
            .AddOpenIdConnect("Auth0", options =>
            {
                // Set the authority to your Auth0 domain
                options.Authority = authority;

                // Configure the Auth0 Client ID and Client Secret
                options.ClientId = clientId;
                options.ClientSecret = clientSecret;

                // Set response type to code
                options.ResponseType = OpenIdConnectResponseType.Code;

                // Configure the scope
                options.Scope.Clear();
                options.Scope.Add("openid");

                // Set the callback path, so Auth0 will call back to http://localhost:3000/callback (in my case, https://localhost:5001/callback)
                // Also ensure that you have added the URL as an Allowed Callback URL in your Auth0 dashboard
                options.CallbackPath = new PathString("/callback");

                // Configure the Claims Issuer to be Auth0
                options.ClaimsIssuer = "Auth0";

                options.Events = new OpenIdConnectEvents
                {
                    // handle the logout redirection
                    OnRedirectToIdentityProviderForSignOut = (context) =>
                    {
                        var logoutUri = $"https://{domain}/v2/logout?client_id={clientId}";

                        var postLogoutUri = context.Properties.RedirectUri;
                        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(postLogoutUri))
                        {
                            if (postLogoutUri.StartsWith("/"))
                            {
                                // transform to absolute
                                var request = context.Request;
                                postLogoutUri = request.Scheme + "://" + request.Host + request.PathBase + postLogoutUri;
                            }
                            logoutUri += $"&returnTo={ Uri.EscapeDataString(postLogoutUri)}";
                        }

                        context.Response.Redirect(logoutUri);
                        context.HandleResponse();

                        return Task.CompletedTask;
                    }
                };

                // Set the correct name claim type
                options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
                {
                    NameClaimType = "name",
                    RoleClaimType = "https://schemas.twinportspulse.com/roles"
                };
            });

            services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
            services.AddDatabaseDeveloperPageExceptionFilter();
            services.AddSingleton<WeatherForecastService>();

            services.AddAuthorization(options =>
            {
                foreach (var scope in GetScopes())
                    options.AddPolicy(scope, policy => policy.Requirements.Add(new HasScopeRequirement(scope, domain)));
            });

            // Add the scope handler
            services.AddSingleton<IAuthorizationHandler, HasScopeHandler>();

            // add caching
            services.AddResponseCaching();

            // add response compression
            services.AddResponseCompression();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            app.UseHttpsRedirection();
            app.UseStaticFiles();
            app.UseRouting();
            app.UseCookiePolicy();
            app.UseAuthentication();
            app.UseAuthorization();
            app.UseFileServer();
            app.UseResponseBuffering();
            app.UseResponseCompression();

            //app.UseMiddleware<RequestResponseLoggingMiddleware>();

            app.Use(async (ctx, next) =>
            {
                ctx.Request.GetTypedHeaders().CacheControl = new CacheControlHeaderValue()
                {
                    Public = true,
                    MaxAge = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(600)
                };

                await next();
            });

            app.UseResponseCaching();

            app.UseCors(x => x
                .AllowAnyOrigin()
                //.WithOrigins(
                //    Configuration["CorsOrigins:Local"],
                //    Configuration["CorsOrigins:Production"],
                //    Configuration["CorsOrigins:Ngrok"])
                .WithMethods("GET", "POST", "DELETE", "PUT", "PATCH")
                .AllowAnyHeader());

            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
                // add NSwag
                app.UseOpenApi();
                app.UseSwaggerUi3();
            }
            else
            {
                app.UseExceptionHandler(errorApp =>
                {
                    errorApp.Run(async context =>
                    {
                        var exceptionHandlerPathFeature = context.Features.Get<IExceptionHandlerPathFeature>();
                        var ex = exceptionHandlerPathFeature?.Error;

                        _Logger.LogError($"{ex.Message} {ex.StackTrace}");
                        if (ex is TPPException se)
                        {
                            _Logger.LogError(se.DiagnosticMessage);
                            switch (se.ErrorType)
                            {
                                case TPPErrorType.Unauthorized:
                                    context.Response.StatusCode = 401;
                                    break;
                                case TPPErrorType.NotFound:
                                    context.Response.StatusCode = 404;
                                    break;
                                case TPPErrorType.Conflict:
                                    context.Response.StatusCode = 409;
                                    break;
                                case TPPErrorType.Unrecoverable:
                                default:
                                    context.Response.StatusCode = 500;
                                    break;
                            }
                            await context.Response.WriteAsync(se.UserFriendlyMessage);
                            return;
                        }

                        context.Response.StatusCode = 500;
                        await context.Response.WriteAsync("An error has occurred");
                    });
                });

                app.UseHsts();
            }

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
                endpoints.MapBlazorHub();
                endpoints.MapHub<TppApiKeyHub>($"/{SignalRHubs.TppApiKeyHub}");
                endpoints.MapHub<SearchApiKeyHub>($"/{SignalRHubs.SearchApiKeyHub}");
                endpoints.MapFallbackToPage("/_Host");
            });
        }

        private ILogger GetEarlyInitializationLogger()
        {
            var instrumentationKey = Configuration.GetValue<string>("ApplicationInsights:InstrumentationKey");
            using var loggerFactory = LoggerFactory.Create(builder =>
            {
                builder.ClearProviders();
                builder.AddConsole();
                builder.AddDebug();
                builder.AddApplicationInsights(instrumentationKey);
            });

            return loggerFactory.CreateLogger("Initialization");
        }

        static List<string> GetScopes()
        {
            var result = new List<string>();
            var scopesJson = string.Empty;

            using (var stream = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetManifestResourceStream("TwinPortsPulse.WebApi.Resources.scopes.json"))
            using (var reader = new StreamReader(stream))
                scopesJson = reader.ReadToEnd();

            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(scopesJson))
                result.AddRange(JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<string>>(scopesJson));

            return result;
        }
    }
}