Extracting the noun phrases using nltk

noun_phrase_extractor.py

import nltk
from nltk.corpus import stopwords

text = raw_input("Enter the text please ...")
print text

sentence_re = r'(?:(?:[A-Z])(?:.[A-Z])+.?)|(?:\w+(?:-\w+)*)|(?:\$?\d+(?:.\d+)?%?)|(?:...|)(?:[][.,;"\'?():-_`])'
lemmatizer = nltk.WordNetLemmatizer()
stemmer = nltk.stem.porter.PorterStemmer()
grammar = r"""
    NBAR:
        {<NN.*|JJ>*<NN.*>}  # Nouns and Adjectives, terminated with Nouns
        
    NP:
        {<NBAR>}
        {<NBAR><IN><NBAR>}  # Above, connected with in/of/etc...
"""
chunker = nltk.RegexpParser(grammar)
toks = nltk.regexp_tokenize(text, sentence_re)
postoks = nltk.tag.pos_tag(toks)
print postoks
tree = chunker.parse(postoks)
stopwords = stopwords.words('english')

def leaves(tree):
    """Finds NP (nounphrase) leaf nodes of a chunk tree."""
    for subtree in tree.subtrees(filter = lambda t: t.label()=='NP'):
        yield subtree.leaves()

def normalise(word):
    """Normalises words to lowercase and stems and lemmatizes it."""
    word = word.lower()
    # word = stemmer.stem_word(word) #if we consider stemmer then results comes with stemmed word, but in this case word will not match with comment
    word = lemmatizer.lemmatize(word)
    return word

def acceptable_word(word):
    """Checks conditions for acceptable word: length, stopword. We can increase the length if we want to consider large phrase"""
    accepted = bool(2 <= len(word) <= 40
        and word.lower() not in stopwords)
    return accepted


def get_terms(tree):
    for leaf in leaves(tree):
        term = [ normalise(w) for w,t in leaf if acceptable_word(w) ]
        yield term

terms = get_terms(tree)

for term in terms:
    for word in term:
        print word,
    print

For the noun phrase, I want to add a case Nouns Of Nouns or Nouns in Nouns (E.g "cup of tea" or "water in class"), so that I modify the grammar like this:

grammar = r"""
        NBAR:
            {<NN><IN><NN>
            {<NN.*|JJ>*<NN.*>}  # Nouns and Adjectives, terminated with Nouns
        NP:
            {<NBAR>}
            {<NBAR><IN><NBAR>}  # Above, connected with in/of/etc...
    """

but it not work, could you please help to show me?
My test string : 'postal code of new method of delivery'. I expect to receive [postal code, new method of delivery]

Order in the grammar matters!

grammar = r"""
    NBAR:
        {<NN.*|JJ>*<NN.*>}  # Nouns and Adjectives, terminated with Nouns
        
    NP:
        {<NBAR><IN><NBAR>}  # Above, connected with in/of/etc...
        {<NBAR>} # If pattern is not found, just a single NBAR is ok
"""

works fairly well, returning

['postal', 'code', 'new', 'method']
['delivery']

however, the acceptable_word() check deletes words. Removing the check in get_terms() fixes this issue, returning

['postal', 'code', 'of', 'new', 'method']
['delivery']

You'd need a different pattern to be detected if you specifically want
[postal code, new method of delivery]

Order in the grammar matters!

grammar = r"""
    NBAR:
        {<NN.*|JJ>*<NN.*>}  # Nouns and Adjectives, terminated with Nouns
        
    NP:
        {<NBAR><IN><NBAR>}  # Above, connected with in/of/etc...
        {<NBAR>} # If pattern is not found, just a single NBAR is ok
"""

works fairly well, returning

['postal', 'code', 'new', 'method']
['delivery']

however, the acceptable_word() check deletes words. Removing the check-in get_terms() fixes this issue, returning

['postal', 'code', 'of', 'new', 'method']
['delivery']

You'd need a different pattern to be detected if you specifically want
[postal code, new method of delivery]

Hello, could you please tell me where could I learn about this like how can I get postal code from the statement.