You need python3 and python3-dev.
sudo apt-get install python3 python3-dev
$ sudo apt-get install qt5-default
$ wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyqt/files/sip/sip-4.15.3/sip-4.15.3.tar.gz
$ tar zxfv sip-4.15.3.tar.gz
$ cd sip-4.15.3
$ python3 ./configure.py
$ make
$ sudo make install
$ wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyqt/files/PyQt5/PyQt-5.1.1/PyQt-gpl-5.1.1.tar.gz
$ tar zxf PyQt-gpl-5.1.1.tar.gz
$ cd PyQt-gpl-5.1.1
$ python3 configure.py --destdir /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages
$ make
$ sudo make install
Please refer to http://pyqt.sourceforge.net/Docs/PyQt5/installation.html