how_the_web_works_1605.md

How The Web Works

Today we are going to investigate the way the web works.

Materials:

• First let's read MDN HOW WEB WORKS.
• Next let's watch a few quick examples of how the internet works.
• And [how IP addresses work](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFooN7Mu0IM - how IP addresses work).
• Finally let's tie these things together and watch a video about DNS - what happens when you type an address into a web browser.
• Lastly, let's read a little about the anatomy of a URL

QUIZ:

Now we have a better grasp about the internet, and how some of the things are working. Now, let's answer a few questions to check our understanding. Don't be afraid to do additional research (googleing) for an answer. Fork this gist and answer the following questions:

1. Describe, step by step, what happens when I type www.example.com into my browser and try to go to the page?

• ANSWER:
• The operating system and browser will first determine if they now what the IP address is for that URL
• If not, the operating system will ask (query) a resolving name server which is may have in it's cache, but it will know the root
• The root name servers will know where to find the com name servers (TLD) and the resolving name server takes that information cache's it and goes to the com name servers, the com servers know where the correct authoritative name servers are
• The resolving name server queries the example.com name servers
• The authoritiative name server provides the IP address
• The resolving name server provides that to the operating system

1. What does HTTP stand for?

• ANSWER: Hypertext transfer protocol

2. What protocol does the World Wide Web use?

• ANSWER: HTTP

3. Each computer on the Internet is assigned an IP address, what does IP stand for?

• ANSWER: Internet Protocol

4. What does DNS stand for?

• D. Domain Name System

5. How are text domain names matched to their respective numeric IP addresses.Matching the text domain names to their respective numeric IP addresses is the job of a seperate __________________ server.

• ANSWER: authoritative name server

6. What is the client?

• E. The computer which the IP address belongs to

8. What does URL stand for?

• ANSWER: Unique resource locator

9. What are protocols

• D. The standardised method for transferring data or documents over a network

10. What does DNS stand for?

• ANSWER: Domain name system

14. what is the www portion of a url?

• ANSWER: subdomain

19. What is The markup language used for all web documents?

• ANSWER: HTML

20. What is the organization that monitors web technologies?

• ANSWER: World Wide Web Consortium

22. What is the Protocol for transferring web documents on the Internet?

• ANSWER: HTTP

24. What matches the domain names with numeric IP addresses?

• ANSWER: authoritative name server

3.) there are really many protocols used over the web. HTTP, HTTPS, IP, TCP, and others => https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_web_service_protocols
9.) Uniform Resource Locator