Mailman, nginx, uwsgi and postfix working together on a Debian server. Make sure you install the Debian package uwsgi-plugin-cgi, which is a separate package from uwsgi.

lists.rustybear.com.ini

# /etc/uwsgi/apps-available/lists.rustybear.com.ini
[uwsgi]
plugins = cgi
vhost = true
master = true
touch-reload = %p
pidfile = /run/uwsgi/app/lists.rustybear.com/pid
log-maxsize = 20971520
socket = 127.0.0.1:14014
chdir = /
gid = list
uid = www-data
threads = 5
# use two mountpoints for cgi
cgi = /cgi-bin/mailman=/usr/lib/cgi-bin/mailman
cgi = /mailman=/usr/lib/cgi-bin/mailman
cgi-index = listinfo
vacuum = true

lists.rustybear.com.vhost

server {
    listen  80;
    server_name lists.rustybear.com;
    access_log /var/log/nginx/lists.rustybear.com_access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/lists.rustybear.com_error.log;
 
  # direct access to images
  location /images/mailman/ {
    alias /usr/share/images/mailman/;
  }
 
  # direct access to the public archives
  location /pipermail {
    alias /var/lib/mailman/archives/public/;
    index  index.html;
  }
  
  # redirect old urls
  location ^~ /mailman {
      include uwsgi_params;
      uwsgi_modifier1 9;
      uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:14010;
  }
 
  location ^~ /cgi-bin/mailman {
      include uwsgi_params;
      uwsgi_modifier1 9;
      uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:14014;
  }

  error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
      location = /50x.html {
      root   /var/www/50x.html;
  }
}