Here is a tutorial – or simulation, rather – on symmetric file encryption, and public key encryption to securely send your keys and files to a friend using OpenSSL with the Terminal. The tutorial is made for UX systems (e.g. OS X and Linux), and you may have to install OpenSSL if you don't have it (OS X should have it pre-installed).
Note: The use of the dollar sign ($) in front of the terminal lines is just a convention. Ignore it, and focus on what comes after it.