JSON file for the complex modification of Karabiner Elements, visit karabiner://karabiner/assets/complex_modifications/import?url=https://gist.github.com/kilsey/abdfc6cba9e769c8ebb5a509fb259b4f to import

karabiner-elements-modification.json

{
  "title": "Change caps_lock key (rev 2)",
  "rules": [
    {
      "description": "Change caps_lock key to command+control+option. (Post escape key when pressed alone)",
      "manipulators": [
        {
          "type": "basic",
          "from": {
            "key_code": "caps_lock",
            "modifiers": {
              "optional": [
                "any"
              ]
            }
          },
          "to": [
            {
              "key_code": "left_option",
              "modifiers": [
                "left_command",
                "left_control"
              ]
            }
          ],
          "to_if_alone": [
            {
              "key_code": "escape"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "description": "Change caps_lock key to command+control+option+shift. (Post f19 key when pressed alone)",
      "manipulators": [
        {
          "type": "basic",
          "from": {
            "key_code": "caps_lock",
            "modifiers": {
              "optional": [
                "any"
              ]
            }
          },
          "to": [
            {
              "key_code": "left_shift",
              "modifiers": [
                "left_command",
                "left_control",
                "left_option"
              ]
            }
          ],
          "to_if_alone": [
            {
              "key_code": "f19"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "description": "Change caps_lock key to command+control+option+shift. (Use shift+caps_lock as caps_lock)",
      "manipulators": [
        {
          "type": "basic",
          "from": {
            "key_code": "caps_lock",
            "modifiers": {
              "mandatory": [
                "shift"
              ],
              "optional": [
                "caps_lock"
              ]
            }
          },
          "to": [
            {
              "key_code": "caps_lock"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "type": "basic",
          "from": {
            "key_code": "caps_lock",
            "modifiers": {
              "optional": [
                "any"
              ]
            }
          },
          "to": [
            {
              "key_code": "left_shift",
              "modifiers": [
                "left_command",
                "left_control",
                "left_option"
              ]
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "description": "Change caps_lock to control if pressed with other keys, to escape if pressed alone.",
      "manipulators": [
        {
          "type": "basic",
          "from": {
            "key_code": "caps_lock",
            "modifiers": {
              "optional": [
                "any"
              ]
            }
          },
          "to": [
            {
              "key_code": "left_control"
            }
          ],
          "to_if_alone": [
            {
              "key_code": "escape"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "description": "Change caps_lock to control if pressed with other keys. (rev 2)",
      "manipulators": [
        {
          "type": "basic",
          "from": {
            "key_code": "caps_lock",
            "modifiers": {
              "optional": [
                "any"
              ]
            }
          },
          "to": [
            {
              "key_code": "left_control"
            }
          ],
          "to_if_alone": [
            {
              "key_code": "caps_lock",
              "hold_down_milliseconds": 500
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}