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C++ source code to solve simultaneous equations with Gauss elimination method(pivot).
/***********************************************************
連立方程式の解法 ( ガウスの消去法(ピボット選択) )
DATE AUTHOR VERSION
2021.09.16 mk-mode.com 1.00 新規作成
Copyright(C) 2021 mk-mode.com All Rights Reserved.
***********************************************************/
#include <cmath> // for fabs
#include <cstdlib> // for EXIT_XXXX
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
namespace gauss_elimination_pivot {
/*
* @brief ピボット選択
*
* @param[ref] 行列(配列) mtx (vector<vector<double>>)
* @param[in] 対象行
* @return true|false
*/
bool pivot(std::vector<std::vector<double>>& mtx, unsigned int k) {
unsigned int n; // 行数
unsigned int pv; // ピボット行
unsigned int i; // loop index
double v_max; // k 列絶対値の最大値
try {
n = mtx.size();
pv = k;
v_max = std::fabs(mtx[k][k]);
for (i = k + 1; i < n; ++i) {
if (std::fabs(mtx[i][k]) > v_max) {
pv = i;
v_max = std::fabs(mtx[i][k]);
}
}
if (k != pv) { swap(mtx[k], mtx[pv]); }
} catch (...) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
/*
* @brief ガウスの消去法
* * 値が NaN の場合は 0 とする
*
* @param[ref] 行列(配列) mtx (vector<vector<double>>)
* @return true|false
*/
bool solve_ge(std::vector<std::vector<double>>& mtx) {
int i; // loop インデックス
int j; // loop インデックス
int k; // loop インデックス
int n; // 元(行)の数
double d; // 計算用
try {
n = (int)mtx.size();
// 前進消去
for (k = 0; k < n - 1; ++k) {
if (!pivot(mtx, k)) {
std::cout << "[ERROR] Failed to pivot!" << std::endl;
return false;
}
for (i = k + 1; i < n; ++i) {
d = mtx[i][k] / mtx[k][k];
for (j = k + 1; j <= n; ++j)
mtx[i][j] -= mtx[k][j] * d;
}
}
// 後退代入
for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
d = mtx[i][n];
for (j = i + 1; j < n; ++j)
d -= mtx[i][j] * mtx[j][n];
mtx[i][n] = d / mtx[i][i];
//if (std::isnan(mtx[i][n])) { mtx[i][n] = 0.0;}
}
} catch (...) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
} // namespace gauss_elimination_pivot
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
namespace ns = gauss_elimination_pivot;
std::vector<std::vector<double>> mtx; // 計算用行列
// テストデータ(右端は b, その他左側正方行列は a)
// * 3x3; 対角成分が 0 にならない例
//mtx.push_back({ 2.0, -3.0, 1.0, 5.0});
//mtx.push_back({ 1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 2.0});
//mtx.push_back({ 3.0, 5.0, -7.0, 0.0});
// * 4x4; 対角成分が 0 にならない例
//mtx.push_back({ 1.0, -2.0, 3.0, -4.0, 5.0});
//mtx.push_back({-2.0, 5.0, 8.0, -3.0, 9.0});
//mtx.push_back({ 5.0, 4.0, 7.0, 1.0, -1.0});
//mtx.push_back({ 9.0, 7.0, 3.0, 5.0, 4.0});
// * 4x4; 対角成分が 0 になる例
mtx.push_back({1.0, 2.0, 7.0, 6.0, 6.0});
mtx.push_back({2.0, 4.0, 4.0, 2.0, 2.0});
mtx.push_back({1.0, 8.0, 5.0, 2.0, 12.0});
mtx.push_back({2.0, 4.0, 3.0, 3.0, 5.0});
try {
// 元行列確認
for (auto &r: mtx) {
for (auto &c: r) { std::cout << c << " "; }
std::cout << std::endl;
}
// 計算(ガウスの消去法(ピボット選択))
if (!ns::solve_ge(mtx)) {
std::cout << "[ERROR] Failed to solve by the Gauss-Elimination(Pivot) method!"
<< std::endl;
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
// 計算結果確認
std::cout << "---" << std::endl;
for (auto &r: mtx) {
for (auto &c: r) { std::cout << c << " "; }
std::cout << std::endl;
}
} catch (...) {
std::cerr << "EXCEPTION!" << std::endl;
return EXIT_FAILURE;
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
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