This was an assignment for an advance java class at my local community college. I was under a bit of a time crunch, so this program is somewhat thrown together. However, if it works it works.

BreedingHorse.java

/*
 *  Kurt Kaiser
 *  CTIM 168 E40
 *  7.13.2018
 *
 */

import java.util.Objects;

public class BreedingHorse extends Horse
{
    private String mother;
    private String father;

    public BreedingHorse() {
        this.mother = "";
        this.father = "";
    }

    public BreedingHorse(String name, String color, int birthYear, String mother, String father) {
        super(name, color, birthYear);
        this.mother = mother;
        this.father = father;
    }

    public String getMother() {
        return mother;
    }

    public void setMother(String mother) {
        this.mother = mother;
    }

    public String getFather() {
        return father;
    }

    public void setFather(String father) {
        this.father = father;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        BreedingHorse that = (BreedingHorse) o;
        return Objects.equals(mother, that.mother) &&
                Objects.equals(father, that.father);
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return super.toString() +
                ", Mother: " + mother +
                ", Father: " + father;
    }
}

DemoHorses.java

/*
 *  Kurt Kaiser
 *  CTIM 168 E40
 *  7.13.2018
 *
 */

import java.util.Scanner;

public class DemoHorses {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String name;
        String color;
        int birthYear;
        int races;
        int wins;
        String mother;
        String father;
        int count = 1;

        Horse [] horseArray = new Horse[6];

        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
            System.out.println("--- Horse " + count + " ---");
            // Name
            System.out.println("Enter the horse's name.");
            Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
            name = scan.nextLine();
            // Color
            System.out.println("Enter the color of " + name + ".");
            scan = new Scanner(System.in);
            color = scan.nextLine();
            // Birth year
            System.out.println("Enter " + name + "'s birth year.");
            scan = new Scanner(System.in);
            birthYear = scan.nextInt();
            if (i < 3) {
                // Races
                System.out.println("Enter the number of races.");
                scan = new Scanner(System.in);
                races = scan.nextInt();
                System.out.println("Enter the number of wins.");
                scan = new Scanner(System.in);
                wins = scan.nextInt();
                horseArray[i] = new RaceHorse(name, color, birthYear, races, wins);
                // Cast to access the setRaces method
                ((RaceHorse)horseArray[i]).setRaces(races);
            } else {
                System.out.println("Enter the " + name + "'s mother's name.");
                scan = new Scanner(System.in);
                mother = scan.nextLine();
                // Color
                System.out.println("Enter the " + name + "'s father's name.");
                scan = new Scanner(System.in);
                father = scan.nextLine();
                horseArray[i] = new BreedingHorse(name, color, birthYear, mother, father);
            }
            horseArray[i].setBirthYear(birthYear);
            count ++;
        }

        // Output data entered
        count = 1;
        System.out.println("\n Data Entered");
        for (int n = 0; n < 6; n++){
            System.out.println("Horse " + count + "\n" + horseArray[n].toString());
            count ++;
        }

    }
}

Horse.java

/*
 *  Kurt Kaiser
 *  CTIM 168 E40
 *  7.13.2018
 *
 */

import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class Horse
{
    //instance variables
    private String name;
    private String color;
    private int birthYear;

    public Horse() {
        this.name = "";
        this.color = "";
        this.birthYear = 0;
    }

    public Horse(String name, String color, int birthYear) {
        this.name = name;
        this.color = color;
        this.birthYear = birthYear;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }

    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    public int getBirthYear() {
        return birthYear;
    }

    public void testing(int num){
        System.out.println(!(num > 1 && num < 5));
    }

    public void setBirthYear(int birthYear) {
        while(birthYear < 1988 || birthYear > 2018) {
            System.out.println("Year must be after 1988 and before 2018.");
            Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
            birthYear = scan.nextInt();
        }
        this.birthYear = birthYear;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return  "Name: " + name +
                ", Color: " + color +
                ", Birth year: " + birthYear;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;
        Horse horse = (Horse) o;
        return birthYear == horse.birthYear &&
                Objects.equals(name, horse.name) &&
                Objects.equals(color, horse.color);
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {

        return Objects.hash(name, color, birthYear);
    }
}

RaceHorse.java

/*
 *  Kurt Kaiser
 *  CTIM 168 E40
 *  7.13.2018
 *
 */

import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class RaceHorse extends Horse
{
    private int races;
    private int wins;

    // Constructors
    public RaceHorse() {
        this.races = 0;
        this.wins = 0;
    }

    public RaceHorse(String name, String color, int birthYear, int races, int wins) {
        super(name, color, birthYear);
        this.races = races;
        this.wins = wins;
    }

    public int getRaces() {
        return races;
    }

    public void setRaces(int races) {
        while (races < 0 || races < wins){
            System.out.println("Races must be greater than 0 and greater than the number of wins.");
            Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
            races = scan.nextInt();
        }
        this.races = races;
    }

    public int getWins() {
        return wins;
    }

    public void setWins(int wins) {
        this.wins = wins;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return super.toString() +
                ", Races: " + races +
                ", Wins: " + wins;
    }
}