https://kuina.ch/notebook/page33

babanuki.py

import random

# ババ抜きをシミュレート
# n: 人数
# s: 配り始める人
def simulate(n, s):
  C = [0]
  for i in range(1, 14):
    C += [i]*4
  random.shuffle(C)

  P = [set() for _ in range(n)]
  for i, c in enumerate(C):
    p = (i+s)%n
    if c in P[p]:
      P[p].remove(c)
    else:
      P[p].add(c)

  while True:
    for p in range(n):
      if len(P[p])>0:
        for i in range(1, n):
          q = (p-i)%n
          if len(P[q])>0:
            c = random.choice(list(P[q]))
            P[q].remove(c)
            if c in P[p]:
              P[p].remove(c)
            else:
              P[p].add(c)
            break
        else:
          assert P[p]==set([0])
          return p

T = 1000000

for n in range(2, 6):
  print(f"{n=}")
  for s in range(n):
    C = [0]*n
    for _ in range(T):
      p = simulate(n, s)
      C[p] += 1
    print(*[f"{c/T*100:5.2f}" for c in C])

output.txt

n=2
50.67 49.33
50.72 49.28
n=3
34.29 34.13 31.58
43.40 21.32 35.27
22.12 35.71 42.17
n=4
16.21 28.60 38.80 16.39
34.69 16.26 34.56 14.49
27.90 39.16 17.70 15.24
25.16 25.67 24.87 24.30
n=5
20.84 21.36 26.35 11.41 20.05
11.02 21.57 21.75 20.79 24.87
13.25 13.15 23.86 36.09 13.65
32.86 12.94 13.28 28.80 12.11
22.93 35.67 14.88 13.94 12.58