Customize a newly-installed Ubuntu, easily.

personal_setup.sh

#!/bin/bash
#-----------------------------------------
# Personal PC Setup                      
#-----------------------------------------
# Warning: 
#   Modify this script to make it work for you properly.
#   The author makes no warranty or guarantee.
#-----------------------------------------
# What does this do
#  - Install `apt-fast screen aria2c`
#  - Install `git vim gvim python-pip`
#  - (optional) Install Google Chrome and/or shadowsocks
#  - Make grub2 remember your last choose
#  - Run `sudo` without password (only current user)
#  - Use English directory name and things will be easy in Terminal.
#  - Use `DejaVuSansMono`, instead of `DroidSansFallback`, as the monospace font.
#  - Make vim/gvim looks better.
#-----------------------------------------
# Author
#  Twitter/GitHub/V2EX @laobubu

COLOR='\033[1;33m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color

if [[ "$(whoami)" != "root" ]]; then
	echo "root user is required"
	exit 1
fi

function let_us() {
	echo -e "${COLOR}$*${NC}"
	#tell user what's going on
}

function confirm() {
	echo -e -n "${COLOR}$*${NC} (y/N):"
	read -t 15 rr
	[[ "$rr" =~ y|Y ]]
	return $?
}

#Find current username
HOMEUSER="$(ls -1 /home)"
ORIGLANG=$LANG
NO_DESKTOP=$([ "$DESKTOP_SESSION" ]; echo $?)

############## APP INSTALL
let_us install apt-fast aria2c and scren
add-apt-repository ppa:saiarcot895/myppa
apt-get update
apt-get -y install apt-fast screen

let_us install necessary apps
apt-fast install -y git vim python3-pip python-pip

if [ NO_DESKTOP == 0 ]
	then
	let_us install Desktop Apps
	apt-fast install -y vim-gtk
	
	let_us install Google Chrome
	if confirm "Install Google Chrome (stable,amd64)?"
	then
		GOOGLE_CHROME_DEB=/tmp/google.deb
		aria2c -x 10 -o $GOOGLE_CHROME_DEB 'https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb'
		dpkg -i $GOOGLE_CHROME_DEB
		apt-get -f install
		rm $GOOGLE_CHROME_DEB
	fi
fi

let_us install shadowsocks
if confirm "Install Shadowsocks?"
then
	SS_CONF=/etc/shadowsocks.json
	SS_LOCAL_COMMAND="sslocal -d start -c $SS_CONF"
	pip install shadowsocks
	>$SS_CONF cat <<EOF
{
    "server":"?",
    "server_port":8388,
    "local_port":1080,
    "password":"?",
    "timeout":600,
    "method":"aes-256-cfb"
}
EOF
	nano $SS_CONF
	$SS_LOCAL_COMMAND
	echo "The shadowsocks command is running: $SS_LOCAL_COMMAND"
	echo " and it will start automatically."
	sed -i -e "/^exit 0$/i $SS_LOCAL_COMMAND" /etc/rc.local
fi

############### USER/SYS CONFIG
let_us make grub remember the last choose
sed /etc/default/grub -i \
	-e 's/GRUB_DEFAULT=0/GRUB_DEFAULT=saved\nGRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true/' \
	-e 's/GRUB_TIMEOUT=.\+/GRUB_TIMEOUT=3/'
update-grub
grub-reboot 0

if confirm "Execute sudo without password for ${HOMEUSER}?"
then
	echo "${HOMEUSER}	ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" >> /etc/sudoers
fi

let_us use English Directory Names
export LANG=en_US
xdg-user-dirs-update
su $HOMEUSER -c xdg-user-dirs-update
export LANG=$ORIGLANG

if confirm "Use DejaVu Sans Mono as Latin Monospace instead of DroidSans?"
then
	let_us fix monospace font problem
	sed -i -e '/monospace/,/Droid/{/Droid/i<string>DejaVu Sans Mono</string>        
}' /etc/fonts/conf.d/*-language-selector-zh-cn.conf
fi

############### VIM
let_us configure vimrc
>>/etc/vim/vimrc cat<<END_OF_VIMRC

colorscheme desert
set guifont=DejaVu\ Sans\ Mono\ 12
set tabstop=2
END_OF_VIMRC