Basic Loop

query.php

<?php 	/**
   * The WordPress Query class.
   * @link http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/WP_Query
   *
   */
  $args = array(

    //Post & Page Parameters
    'p'             => 1,
    'name'          => 'hello-world',
    'page_id'       => 1,
    'pagename'     => 'sample-page',
    'post_parent'  => 1,
    'post__in'     => array(1,2,3),
    'post__not_in' => array(1,2,3),

    //Author Parameters
    'author'      => '1,2,3,',
    'author_name' => 'admin',

    //Category Parameters
    'cat'              => 1,
    'category_name'    => 'blog',
    'category__and'    => array( 1, 2),
    'category__in'     => array(1, 2),
    'category__not_in' => array( 1, 2 ),

    //Type & Status Parameters
    'post_type'   => 'any',
    'post_status' => 'any',

    //Choose ^ 'any' or from below, since 'any' cannot be in an array
    'post_type' => array(
      'post',
      'page',
      'revision',
      'attachment',
      'my-post-type',
      ),

    'post_status' => array(
      'publish',
      'pending',
      'draft',
      'auto-draft',
      'future',
      'private',
      'inherit',
      'trash'
      ),

    //Order & Orderby Parameters
    'order'               => 'DESC',
    'orderby'             => 'date',
    'ignore_sticky_posts' => false,
    'year'                => 2012,
    'monthnum'            => 1,
    'w'                   => 1,
    'day'                 => 1,
    'hour'                => 12,
    'minute'              => 5,
    'second'              => 30,

    //Tag Parameters
    'tag'           => 'cooking',
    'tag_id'        => 5,
    'tag__and'      => array( 1, 2),
    'tag__in'       => array( 1, 2),
    'tag__not_in'   => array( 1, 2),
    'tag_slug__and' => array( 'red', 'blue'),
    'tag_slug__in'  => array( 'red', 'blue'),

    //Pagination Parameters
    'posts_per_page'         => 10,
    'posts_per_archive_page' => 10,
    'nopaging'               => false,
    'paged'                  => get_query_var('paged'),
    'offset'                 => 3,

    //Custom Field Parameters
    'meta_key'       => 'key',
    'meta_value'     => 'value',
    'meta_value_num' => 10,
    'meta_compare'   => '=',
    'meta_query'     => array(
      array(
        'key' => 'color',
        'value' => 'blue',
        'type' => 'CHAR',
        'compare' => '='
      ),
      array(
        'key' => 'price',
        'value' => array( 1,200 ),
        'compare' => 'NOT LIKE'
      ),

    //Taxonomy Parameters
    'tax_query' => array(
    'relation'  => 'AND',
      array(
        'taxonomy'         => 'color',
        'field'            => 'slug',
        'terms'            => array( 'red', 'blue' ),
        'include_children' => true,
        'operator'         => 'IN'
      ),
      array(
        'taxonomy'         => 'actor',
        'field'            => 'id',
        'terms'            => array( 1, 2, 3 ),
        'include_children' => false,
        'operator'         => 'NOT IN'
      )
    ),

    //Permission Parameters -
    'perm' => 'readable',

    //Parameters relating to caching
    'no_found_rows'          => false,
    'cache_results'          => true,
    'update_post_term_cache' => true,
    'update_post_meta_cache' => true,

  );

// The Query
$the_query = new WP_Query( $args );

// The Loop
if ( $the_query->have_posts() ) {
	echo '<ul>';
	while ( $the_query->have_posts() ) {
		$the_query->the_post();
		echo '<li>' . get_the_title() . '</li>';
	}
	echo '</ul>';
	/* Restore original Post Data */
	wp_reset_postdata();
} else {
	// no posts found
}
 ?>