How to use a typical Linux / Windows Keybindung on MacOS (tested with 10.15.2 Catalina)

DefaultKeyBinding.dict

/*
PUT THIS FILE IN ~/Library/KeyBindings/DefaultKeyBinding.dict
This file remaps the key bindings of a single user on Mac OS X 10.5 to more closely
match default behavior on Windows systems.  This particular mapping assumes
that you have also switched the Control and Command keys already.

This key mapping is more appropriate after switching Ctrl for Command in this menu:
Apple->System Preferences->Keyboard & Mouse->Keyboard->Modifier Keys...->
Change Control Key to Command
Change Command key to Control
This applies to OS X 10.5 and possibly other versions.

Here is a rough cheatsheet for syntax.
Key Modifiers
^ : Ctrl
$ : Shift
~ : Option (Alt)
@ : Command (Apple)
# : Numeric Keypad

Non-Printable Key Codes

Up Arrow:     \UF700        Backspace:    \U0008        F1:           \UF704
Down Arrow:   \UF701        Tab:          \U0009        F2:           \UF705
Left Arrow:   \UF702        Escape:       \U001B        F3:           \UF706
Right Arrow:  \UF703        Enter:        \U000A        ...
Insert:       \UF727        Page Up:      \UF72C
Delete:       \UF728        Page Down:    \UF72D
Home:         \UF729        Print Screen: \UF72E
End:          \UF72B        Scroll Lock:  \UF72F
Break:        \UF732        Pause:        \UF730
SysReq:       \UF731        Menu:         \UF735
Help:         \UF746

NOTE: typically the Windows 'Insert' key is mapped to what Macs call 'Help'.
Regular Mac keyboards don't even have the Insert key, but provide 'Fn' instead,
which is completely different.
*/

{
"\UF729"   = "moveToBeginningOfLine:";                       /* Home         */
"@\UF729"  = "moveToBeginningOfDocument:";                   /* Cmd  + Home  */
"$\UF729"  = "moveToBeginningOfLineAndModifySelection:";     /* Shift + Home */
"$@\UF729" = "moveToBeginningOfDocumentAndModifySelection:"; /* Shift + Cmd  + Home */
"\UF72B"   = "moveToEndOfLine:";                             /* End          */
"@\UF72B"  = "moveToEndOfDocument:";                         /* Cmd  + End   */
"$\UF72B"  = "moveToEndOfLineAndModifySelection:";           /* Shift + End  */
"$@\UF72B" = "moveToEndOfDocumentAndModifySelection:";       /* Shift + Cmd  + End */

"^\UF702"   = "moveToBeginningOfLine:";                       /* Home         */
"^\UF703"   = "moveToEndOfLine:";                             /* End          */
"$^\UF703"  = "moveToEndOfLineAndModifySelection:";           /* Shift + End  */
"$^\UF702"  = "moveToBeginningOfLineAndModifySelection:";     /* Shift + Home */

"\UF72C"   = "pageUp:";                                      /* PageUp       */
"\UF72D"   = "pageDown:";                                    /* PageDown     */
"@x"  = "cut:";                                         /* Shift + Del  */
"@v"  = "paste:";                                       /* Shift + Help */
"@c"  = "copy:";                                        /* Cmd  + Help (Ins) */
"@\UF702"  = "moveWordBackward:";                            /* Cmd  + LeftArrow */
"@\UF703"  = "moveWordForward:";                             /* Cmd  + RightArrow */
"@$\UF702" = "moveWordBackwardAndModifySelection:";   /* Shift + Cmd  + Leftarrow */
"@$\UF703" = "moveWordForwardAndModifySelection:";   /* Shift + Cmd  + Rightarrow */
"@\UF728"  = "deleteWordForward:";                           /* Cmd  + Delete */
"@\U007F"  = "deleteWordBackward:";                          /* Cmd  + Backspace */
}

Hey, thank you for your feedback, that really means a lot to me :).
I did not write this down here yet, but I changed my approach in the meantime a bit. I used "Ukulele" to generate a keyboard map, and now I do have "nodeadkeys" working as well. Without going too much into detail right now, this is roughly what changed by doing so in contrast to the above:

• no karabiner elements anymore
• I got rid of hyperdock, since it crashed from time to time and I did not want to invest time finding out why

Maybe I'll share my keyboard maps that I created some time over here as well (but I am currently not on that machine). Ukulele took some time to get used to for me though.

Thanks for this manual @lenalebt
I was looking how to remap Option+arrow to Cmd+arrow for quite a long. I read about the approach with DefaultKeyBinding.dict on stackoverflow but had no idea about possible key codes.
Also, It worth to add that it not need to restart/logout your Mac after edit DefaultKeyBinding.dict. It applied right after you press "save". Never-less it need to fully quit and open again target application to apply changes. For example I saw changes only after reopen Notes app.
To make this works In Intellij 2020.2 I was need to edit 4 mappings: "Move caret to next/prev word", "Move caret to line end/start".
And regards switching between apps. I love AltTab app. It free and open source and provides very convenient way to navigate through the opened windows.

Hey, thanks for pointing me to AltTab, I'll try that out :-)

Thanks, I didn't have time to set up a full Ukelele profile and this covers the basics quite nicely!
Note: On my Catalina install I just had to log out and uncheck "reopen my windows" for the changes to apply globally.

Thank you for writing this. I used Ukelele.