- 1. Overview
- 2. Virtualenv and Django Installation
- 3. Create Django Application
- 4. Setup MySQL Database
- 5. Running Django Application
- 6. Setting Up Database Case Study
- 7. Create an Admin Superuser
- 8. Accessing Database API from Command Line
- 9. Views Creation
- 10. Urls Creation
- 11. Deploy with Apache
virtualenv -p python3.8 venv3.8
. venv3.8/bin/activate
# if locale issues appear, run:
## sudo locale-gen es_CL es_CL.UTF-8
## sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales
pip install --upgrade pip
pip install Django
sudo apt-get install python3-dev libmysqlclient-dev
pip install -U wheel
pip install mysqlclient
The created and activated virtualenv will call python3.8 with the alias python.
django-admin startproject mysite .
In mysite/settings.py add the following:
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': '<database_name>',
'USER': '<user>',
'PASSWORD': '<password>',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': '',
}
}
python manage.py runserver
Access the system with localhost:8000
At the same directory level than the file manage.py, create a parallel app to be plugged into the main mysiste app.
python manage.py startapp polls
Install the app in mysite/settings.py with:
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'polls.apps.PollsConfig',
...
The following apps come as default with Django:
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
In order to initialize the database resources for these apps run the following:
python manage.py migrate
The following database tables will be created:
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_web_mg |
+----------------------------+
| auth_group |
| auth_group_permissions |
| auth_permission |
| auth_user |
| auth_user_groups |
| auth_user_user_permissions |
| django_admin_log |
| django_content_type |
| django_migrations |
| django_session |
+----------------------------+
After this, the admin url will be active and can be checked at: localhost:8000/admin. However, to login a superuser will be necessary to be created:
python manage.py createsuperuser
Create Models for Application:
In our custom app polls, include (As an example) the following in the file polls/models.py:
import datetime
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
class Question(models.Model):
question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
def __str__(self):
return self.question_text
def was_published_recently(self):
return self.pub_date >= timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)
class Choice(models.Model):
question = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
choice_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)
def __str__(self):
return self.choice_text
Create Migration for Last Database Changes:
python manage.py makemigrations polls
Which will provide a result like:
Migrations for 'polls':
polls/migrations/0001_initial.py:
- Create model Choice
- Create model Question
- Add field question to choice
To see the corresponding SQL code for this migration:
python manage.py sqlmigrate polls 0001
Finally, to really reflect the models' changes into the database, run:
python manage.py migrate
IMPORTANT: "Migrations are very powerful and let you change your models over time, as you develop your project, without the need to delete your database or tables and make new ones - it specializes in upgrading your database live, without losing data."
Only if not created in previous section
python manage.py createsuperuser
To log in as this user, go to localhost:8000/admin.
python manage.py shell
In polls/views.py include the following:
from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the polls index.")
Create custom app url in polls/urls.py with:
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.index, name='index'),
]
Then create the url in the main app mysite including the following in the 'mysite/urls.py' file:
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path
urlpatterns = [
path('polls/', include('polls.urls')),
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]
Then, running python manage.py runserver the content will be available at localhost:8000/polls.
Ref: https://www.thecodeship.com/deployment/deploy-django-apache-virtualenv-and-mod_wsgi/