BadDuplicateOutput.cs

var swapChainDescription = new SwapChainDescription
{
    BufferCount = 2,
    Flags = SwapChainFlags.None,
    IsWindowed = true,
    ModeDescription = new ModeDescription(form.ClientSize.Width, form.ClientSize.Height, refreshRate: new Rational(60, 1), Format.B8G8R8A8_UNorm),
    OutputHandle = form.Handle,
    SampleDescription = new SampleDescription(count: 1, quality: 0),
    SwapEffect = SwapEffect.Discard,
    Usage = Usage.RenderTargetOutput
};
using var factory = new Factory1();

Adapter1 adapter = null;
for (int adapterIndex = 0; adapterIndex < factory.GetAdapterCount1(); adapterIndex++)
{
    var potentialAdapter = factory.GetAdapter1(adapterIndex);
    if (potentialAdapter.GetOutputCount() == 0)
    {
        potentialAdapter.Dispose();
        continue;
    }
    if (adapter != null) throw new Exception("Multiple adapters with outputs found");
    adapter = potentialAdapter;
}
if (adapter is null) throw new Exception("No adapter with output found");

Device.CreateWithSwapChain(adapter, DeviceCreationFlags.BgraSupport,
                           new[] { FeatureLevel.Level_11_1 },
                           swapChainDescription, out var device, out var swapChain);

SetupDevice(device); // some device setup

using var output0 = adapter.GetOutput(0);
using var output1 = output0.QueryInterface<Output1>();
try
{
    _duplication = output1.DuplicateOutput(device); // this fails, see catch
} catch (SharpDXException e)
{
    MessageBox.Show(e.Message); // <- this happens, prints 0x80070057 E_INVALIDARG
}

device.ImmediateContext.ClearRenderTargetView(renderView, new RawColor4(1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f));

swapChain1.Present(1, PresentFlags.None, new PresentParameters()).CheckError();

// no issue here, I see yellow screen