Tiny library for PPM output

example.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include "problem.h"

int
main(void)
{
	int width = 50;
	int height = 20;

	int i, j;

	size_t psz;
	struct problem *p;

	if ((psz = problem_size(width, height)) == 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid image dimensions\n");
		exit(1);
	} else if ((p = calloc(1, psz)) == NULL) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	problem_init(p, width, height);

	for (i = 4; i < 14; ++i) {
		for (j = 0; j < 20; ++j)
			problem_set(p, j, i, 0xFF00FF);
		for (j = 20; j < 35; ++j)
			problem_set(p, j, i, 0x00FFFF);
		for (j = 35; j < 50; ++j)
			problem_set(p, j, i, 0xFFFF00);
	}

	fwrite(p->raw, p->len, 1, stdout);
	return 0;
}

Makefile

.PHONY: test test-video
test: nz.png
	sxiv $^

test-video: fire
	./fire | mpv --no-correct-pts --fps=30 --scale=oversample -

%.png: %.ppm
	convert $< $@

%.ppm: %
	./$< > $@

example: example.c problem.o
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^

video: video.c problem.o
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^

fire: fire.c problem.o
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^

nz: nz.c problem.o
	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $^

problem.o: problem.c problem.h
	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $<

.PHONY: clean
clean:
	rm output.* example problem.o

nz.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include "problem.h"

#define P186C 0xC8102E
#define P280C 0x012169
#define PSAFE 0xFFFFFF

#define SQRT5 (2.236067977499790)

#define min(X, Y) ((X) < (Y) ? (X) : (Y))
#define max(X, Y) ((X) < (Y) ? (Y) : (X))

int
main(void)
{
	int scale = 10;
	int height = 60 * scale;
	int width = 120 * scale;

	int i, j;

	size_t psz;
	struct problem *p;

	if ((psz = problem_size(width, height)) == 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid image dimensions\n");
		exit(1);
	} else if ((p = calloc(1, psz)) == NULL) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	problem_init(p, width, height);

	/* Background */
	for (i = 0; i < height; ++i)
		for (j = 0; j < width; ++j)
			problem_set(p, j, i, P280C);

	/* St Andrew's Cross */
	for (i = 10 * scale; i < 20 * scale; ++i)
		for (j = 0; j < 60 * scale; ++j)
			problem_set(p, j, i, PSAFE);
	for (i = 0; i < 30 * scale; ++i)
		for (j = 25 * scale; j < 35 * scale; ++j)
			problem_set(p, j, i, PSAFE);

	/* Diagonals */
	for (i = 0; i < 30 * scale; ++i) {
		for (j = max(2*i - 3*SQRT5 * scale, 0);
				j < min(2*i + 3*SQRT5 * scale, 60 * scale); ++j) {
			problem_set(p, j, i, PSAFE);
			problem_set(p, 60*scale - j, i, PSAFE);
		}
	}

	/* St Patrick's Cross */
	for (i = 0; i < 10 * scale; ++i) {
		for (j = max(2*i - 2*SQRT5 * scale, 0); j < 2*i; ++j) {
			problem_set(p, j, i, P186C);
			problem_set(p, 60 * scale - j, 30 * scale - i, P186C);
		}
		for (j = 2*i; j < min(2*i + 2*SQRT5 * scale, 60 * scale); ++j) {
			problem_set(p, j, 30 * scale - i, P186C);
			problem_set(p, 60 * scale - j, i, P186C);
		}
	}

	/* St George's Cross */
	for (i = 12 * scale; i < 18 * scale; ++i)
		for (j = 0; j < 60 * scale; ++j)
			problem_set(p, j, i, P186C);
	for (i = 0; i < 30 * scale; ++i)
		for (j = 27 * scale; j < 33 * scale; ++j)
			problem_set(p, j, i, P186C);

	fwrite(p->raw, p->len, 1, stdout);
	return 0;
}

output.png

output.ppm

problem.c

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include "problem.h"

#define PPM_HDR_FMT_NONL "P6\n%d %d 255"
#define PPM_HDR_FMT (PPM_HDR_FMT_NONL "\n")

size_t
problem_size(long width, long height)
{
	size_t header_len = sizeof(struct problem);
	header_len += snprintf(NULL, 0, PPM_HDR_FMT, width, height);
	if (width == SIZE_MAX)
		return 0;
	else if (height > (SIZE_MAX - header_len) / width / 3)
		return 0;
	return header_len + width * height * 3;
}

void
problem_init(struct problem *p, long width, long height)
{
	long i;
	p->width = width;
	p->height = height;

	/* Don't write out the null after the header in case the memory was
	 * already set (though this could be treated as misuse, I suppose). */
	p->len = sprintf(p->raw, PPM_HDR_FMT_NONL, width, height);
	p->raw[p->len++] = '\n';

	p->image = p->raw + p->len;
	p->len += 3 * width * height;
}

void
problem_set(struct problem *p, long x, long y, unsigned long colour)
{
	p->image[3 * (p->width * y + x) + 0] = (colour >> 16) & 0xFF;
	p->image[3 * (p->width * y + x) + 1] = (colour >> 8) & 0xFF;
	p->image[3 * (p->width * y + x) + 2] = colour & 0xFF;
}

unsigned long
problem_get(struct problem *p, long x, long y)
{
	unsigned long c = 0;
	c += p->image[3 * (p->width * y + x) + 0] << 16;
	c += p->image[3 * (p->width * y + x) + 1] << 8;
	c += p->image[3 * (p->width * y + x) + 0];
	return c;
}

problem.h

#include <stddef.h>

struct problem {
	long width;
	long height;
	char *image;
	size_t len;
	char raw[];
};

size_t problem_size(long width, long height);
void problem_init(struct problem *p, long width, long height);
void problem_set(struct problem *p, long x, long y, unsigned long colour);
unsigned long problem_get(struct problem *p, long x, long y);

video.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "problem.h"

void render(struct problem *p);
void render_ball(struct problem *p, float x, float y, float r, unsigned long c);

void
render(struct problem *p)
{
	static int b = 0;
	int i, j;

	memset(p->image, 0x11, p->width * p->height * 3);

	for (i = p->height / 4; i < p->height / 4 * 3; ++i) {
		for (j = 0; j < p->width / 3; ++j)
			problem_set(p, (j + b) % p->width, i, 0xFF00FF);
		for (j = p->width / 3; j < p->width / 3 * 2; ++j)
			problem_set(p, (j + b) % p->width, i, 0x00FFFF);
		for (j = p->width / 3 * 2; j < p->width; ++j)
			problem_set(p, (j + b) % p->width, i, 0xFFFF00);
	}
	render_ball(p, (320 + b) % p->width, (240 + b) % p->height, 25, 0xFF8822);
	b += 10;
}

void
render_ball(struct problem *p, float x, float y, float r, unsigned long c)
{
	int i, j;

	int min_i = y - r < 0 ? 0 : y - r;
	int min_j = x - r < 0 ? 0 : x - r;
	int max_i = y + r + 1 <= p->height ? y + r + 1 : p->height;
	int max_j = x + r + 1 <= p->width ? x + r + 1 : p->width;

	for (i = min_i; i < max_i; ++i)
		for (j = min_j; j < max_j; ++j)
			if ((x - (float) j) * (x - (float) j) + (y - (float) i) * (y - (float) i) < r * r)
				problem_set(p, j, i, c);
}

int
main(void)
{
	int width = 640;
	int height = 480;

	size_t psz;
	struct problem *p;

	if ((psz = problem_size(width, height)) == 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid image dimensions\n");
		exit(1);
	} else if ((p = calloc(1, psz)) == NULL) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	problem_init(p, width, height);

	do {
		render(p);
	} while (fwrite(p->raw, p->len, 1, stdout));

	return 0;
}

waves.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <math.h>

#include "problem.h"

void render(struct problem *p);
void plot(struct problem *p, float x, float y, float r, unsigned long c);
void advance_colour(unsigned long *c);

void
render(struct problem *p)
{
	static int j = 0;
	static unsigned long c = 0;
	int i, k;
	double x, y;

	float g = 0.01;

	for (k = 0; k < 1.0 / g; ++k) {
		x = 2 * M_PI * (g * k + j) / p->width * 4;
		y = sin(x);
		i = (1 - y) * p->height / 2;
		i = i < 0 ? 0 : i;
		i = i >= p->height ? p->height : i;
		plot(p, j, i, 2, c);
		advance_colour(&c);
		if (c > 0xFFFFFF)
			c = 0;
		fprintf(stderr, "Colour: %d\t%d\t%d\n", c >> 32, (c >> 16) & 0xFF, (c >> 32) & 0xFF);
	}
	j = (j + 1) % p->width;
	if (!j) {
		memset(p->image, 0xFF, p->width * p->height * 3);
	}
}

void
advance_colour(unsigned long *c)
{
	if ((*c >> 32) % 2 == (*c >> 16) % 2) {
		if (*c & 0xFF == 0xFF) {
			if ((*c >> 16) & 0xFF == 0xFF)
				*c += 0x10000;
			else
				*c += 0x100;
		} else {
			*c += 0x1;
		}
	} else {
		if (*c & 0xFF == 0) {
			if ((*c >> 16) & 0xFF == 0)
				*c += 0x10000;
			else
				*c -= 0x100;
		} else {
			*c -= 0x1;
		}
	}
}

void
plot(struct problem *p, float x, float y, float r, unsigned long c)
{
	int i, j;

	int min_i = y - r < 0 ? 0 : y - r;
	int min_j = x - r < 0 ? 0 : x - r;
	int max_i = y + r + 1 <= p->height ? y + r + 1 : p->height;
	int max_j = x + r + 1 <= p->width ? x + r + 1 : p->width;

	for (i = min_i; i < max_i; ++i)
		for (j = min_j; j < max_j; ++j)
			if ((x - (float) j) * (x - (float) j) + (y - (float) i) * (y - (float) i) < r * r)
				problem_set(p, j, i, c);
}

int
main(void)
{
	int width = 640;
	int height = 480;

	int k;

	size_t psz;
	struct problem *p;

	if ((psz = problem_size(width, height)) == 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid image dimensions\n");
		exit(1);
	} else if ((p = calloc(1, psz)) == NULL) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	problem_init(p, width, height);

	memset(p->image, 0xFF, p->width * p->height * 3);

	do {
		for (k = 0; k < 10; ++k)
			render(p);
	} while (fwrite(p->raw, p->len, 1, stdout));

	return 0;
}