lesson 12 hw

homework.py

# Homework: Classes
# Read carefully until the end before you start solving the exercises.

# Practice the Basics

# Basic Class

# - Create an empty class HouseForSale
# - Create two instances.
# - Add number_of_rooms and price as instance attributes.
# - Create print statements that show the attribute values for the instances.

class HFS:
    pass

rooms = HFS()
price = HFS()

rooms.amount = 4
price.amount = 75000

print(rooms.amount, price.amount)


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Instance Methods

# - Create a Computer class.
# - Create method:
#   - turn_on that prints Computer has Turned On
#   - turn_off that prints Computer has Turned Off
# - Create an instance of the Computer class then call each method.


class Computer:

    def turn_on(self):
        print("Computer has turned on")

    def turn_off(self):
        print("computer has turned off")

computer = Computer()

computer.turn_on()
computer.turn_off()


# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Constructor with Parameters

# - Create a Dog class.
# - Dog should have a constructor with a name parameter.
# - Dog should have a method say_name that prints the name of the dog.

class Dog:

    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def say_name(self):
        print(f"my name is {self.name}")


dog = Dog("Jack")

dog.say_name()

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Inheritance

class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name=''):
        self.name = name

    def say_name(self):
        print("I don't have a name yet")

    def speak(self):
        print("I can't speak")


animal = Animal()
animal.say_name()  # Prints: I don't have a name yet.
animal.speak()     # Prints: I can't speak!


class Dog(Animal):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)

    def say_name(self):
        print(self.name)

    def speak(self):
        print("Woof!")


dog = Dog('Fido')
dog.say_name()  # Prints: Fido
dog.speak()     # Prints: Woof!


class Cat(Animal):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)

    def say_name(self):
        print(self.name)

    def speak(self):
        print("Meow!")


cat = Cat('Max')
cat.say_name()  # Prints: Max
cat.speak()     # Prints: Meow!


# # ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Exercises
# Exercise 1: Books and Authors

# Create an empty class called Book. Then create three instances.
# Add the following attributes for each of the instances: title, author, and publication_year.
# Create print statements to display the attributes of each one of the instances.

# Pre-code:
class Book:
   pass

book = Book()
book.title = 'To Kill a Mockingbird'
book.author = 'Harper Lee'
book.pub_year = 1960

print(book.title, book.author, book.pub_year)

# Your code here

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Exercise 2. Vehicle and Types of Vehicles

# Create a Vehicle class.
# - Its constructor should take the name and type of the vehicle and store them as instance attributes.
# - This Vehicle class should also have a show_type() instance method that prints out the
#   message: "<NAME_OF_VEHICLE> is a <TYPE_OF_VEHICLE>"
# - Create Car and Bike classes that inherit from Vehicle.
# - Create instances of Car and Bike and make them show their types.
class Vehicles:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def show_type(self, type):
        print(f"{self.name} is a {type}")


class Bike(Vehicles):
    pass


class Car(Vehicles):
    pass


vehicle = Vehicles('Truck')
vehicle.show_type('Vehicle')

car = Vehicles('toyota')
car.show_type('car')

bike = Vehicles('motorcyle')
bike.show_type('bike')



# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Exercise 3. Spot and correct the mistakes

# - You are given a task to create a Car class.
# - Each car will have attributes for model and year.
# - Unfortunately, the given code below contains several mistakes.
# - Your task is to find and correct these mistakes to make the code run successfully.
# - Please include a comment in the code explaining the corrections you made and why.

# Pre-code
class Car:
    def __init__(self, model, year):
       self.model = model
       self.year = year


my_car = Car("Toyota", 2020)


print(my_car.model)
print(my_car.year)

# fixed the self.model = model and self.year = year because it was incorrect also fixed
# my_car = Car("Toyota") to  my_car = Car("Toyota", 2020) because we had to give the year



# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Exercise 4. SmartHome with Constructor

# Create a SmartHome class that has a constructor __init__ and a send_notification() method.
#
# The constructor should initialize the attributes:
# - home_name
# - location
# - number_of_devices
#
# send_notification() should print a notification including the home_name and location.

# Create instances for the following:
# Home Name      Location      Number of Devices
# Villa Rosa     New York      15 devices
# Green House    California    10 devices
# Sea View       Florida       20 devices

# Call the send_notification() method for each instance, 
# passing a message reminding to turn off the lights.

class SmartHome:

    def __init__(self, home_name, location, number_of_devices):
        self.home_name = home_name
        self.location = location
        self.number_of_devices = number_of_devices


    def send_notification(self, noti):
        print(f"{noti} at {self.home_name} located in {self.location}")


first = SmartHome('Villa Rosa', 'New York', '15 devices')
second = SmartHome("Green House",'California','10 devices')
third = SmartHome('Sea View',      'Florida',       '20 devices')


first.send_notification("Turn off the lights")
second.send_notification("Turn off the lights")
third.send_notification("Turn off the lights")

# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Exercise 5. Inheritance. Spot and correct mistakes

# You should have the following hierarchy of classes:

 # Animal
 # │
 # ├── Mammal
 # │
 # ├── Bird
 # │
 # └── Fish

# Each class has the following attributes:

# - Animal name
# - Mammal name, age, number of legs
# - Bird name, age, can fly or not
# - Fish name, age, number of fins

# But, the provided code for these classes and their instances has several mistakes
# related to hierarchy, class attributes, and instance creation.

# Find and correct these mistakes to make the code work properly.
# Leave a comment in the code explaining what the problems were and why it wouldn't work.
# There are seven mistakes in the pre-code.

# Pre-code
class Animal:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age  # Corrected to store the name and age in the instance.

class Mammal(Animal):
    def __init__(self, name, age, num_legs):
        super().__init__(name, age)
        self.num_legs = num_legs  # Fixed the inheritance from Animal.

class Bird(Animal):
    def __init__(self, name, age, can_fly):
        super().__init__(name, age)
        self.can_fly = can_fly  # Fixed the constructor to include name and age.

class Fish(Animal):
    def __init__(self, name, age, num_fins):
        super().__init__(name, age)
        self.num_fins = num_fins  # Fixed the inheritance from Animal and constructor.

# Correctly creating instances of each class:
tiger = Mammal('Tiger', 5, 4)
sparrow = Bird('Sparrow', 1, True)
goldfish = Fish('Goldfish', 2, 6)

print(f"{tiger.name} is a mammal aged {tiger.age} with {tiger.num_legs} legs.")
print(f"{sparrow.name} is a bird aged {sparrow.age} and can fly: {sparrow.can_fly}.")
print(f"{goldfish.name} is a fish aged {goldfish.age} with {goldfish.num_fins} fins.")