Execute the external command in Python

exec.py

import shlex
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE


def get_exitcode_stdout_stderr(cmd: str):
    """
    Execute the external command and get its exitcode, stdout and stderr.
    """
    args = shlex.split(cmd)

    proc = Popen(args, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
    out, err = proc.communicate()
    exitcode = proc.returncode
    
    return exitcode, out, err


def get_exitcode_stdout_stderr_pipes(cmds: list[str]):
    """
    Execute the external commands (in pipes) and get last exitcode, stdout and stderr.
    """
    prev_stdin = None
    process: Popen[str] = None

    for cmd in cmds:
        args = shlex.split(cmd)
        if prev_stdin is not None:
            process = Popen(args, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, stdin=prev_stdin)
        else:
            process = Popen(args, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)

        prev_stdin = process.stdout

    out, err = process.communicate()
    exitcode = process.returncode

    return exitcode, out, err


exitcode, out, err = get_exitcode_stdout_stderr("ls -lrt")
print(f"{exitcode=}")
print(f"{out=}")
print(f"{err=}")

exitcode, out, err = get_exitcode_stdout_stderr_pipes(
    ["ps -ef", "grep root", "head -5"]
)
print(f"{exitcode=}")
print(f"{out=}")
print(f"{err=}")