net/http

net_http.rb

#!/usr/bin/env ruby -wKU
require "net/http"
require "uri"

####################### Standard HTTP Request #######################

def standard_http_request
  uri = URI.parse("http://wwwgoogle.com.hk")

  # Shortcut
  response = Net::HTTP.get_response(uri)

  # Will print response.body
  Net::HTTP.get_print(uri)

  # Full
  http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
  response = http.request(Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri))  
end

standard_http_request

####################### Basic Auth ####################### 

def basic_auth
  uri = URI.parse("http://google.com/")

  http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
  request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri)
  request.basic_auth("username", "password")
  response = http.request(request)  
end


####################### Dealing with response objects ####################### 

def deal_with_response_objects
  uri = URI.parse("http://google.com/")

  http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
  request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri)

  response = http.request(request)

  response.code             # => 301
  response.body             # => The body (HTML, XML, blob, whatever)
  # Headers are lowercased
  response["cache-control"] # => public, max-age=2592000
end

####################### POST form request ####################### 

def post_form_request
  uri = URI.parse("http://example.com/search")

  # Shortcut
  response = Net::HTTP.post_form(uri, {"q" => "My query", "per_page" => "50"})

  # Full control
  http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)

  request = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri.request_uri)
  request.set_form_data({"q" => "My query", "per_page" => "50"})

  response = http.request(request)  
end

#######################  File upload - input type="file" style ####################### 
# Token used to terminate the file in the post body. Make sure it is not
# present in the file you're uploading.

# def file_upload
#   BOUNDARY = "AaB03x"
#   
#   uri = URI.parse("http://something.com/uploads")
#   file = "/path/to/your/testfile.txt"
# 
#   post_body = []
#   post_body < < "--#{BOUNDARY}\r\n"
#   post_body < < "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"datafile\"; filename=\"#{File.basename(file)}\"\r\n"
#   post_body < < "Content-Type: text/plain\r\n"
#   post_body < < "\r\n"
#   post_body < < File.read(file)
#   post_body < < "\r\n--#{BOUNDARY}--\r\n"
# 
#   http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
#   request = Net::HTTP::Post.new(uri.request_uri)
#   request.body = post_body.join
#   request["Content-Type"] = "multipart/form-data, boundary=#{BOUNDARY}"
# 
#   http.request(request)
# end


####################### SSL/HTTPS request ####################### 
# Update: There are some good reasons why this code example is bad. 
# It introduces a potential security vulnerability if it's essential you use the server certificate to verify the identity of the server you're connecting to. 
# There's a fix for the issue though!

def ssl_request
  uri = URI.parse("https://secure.com/")
  http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
  http.use_ssl = true
  http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE

  request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri)

  response = http.request(request)
  response.body
  response.status
  response["header-here"] # All headers are lowercase  
end

####################### SSL/HTTPS request with PEM certificate ####################### 

def pem_request
  uri = URI.parse("https://secure.com/")
  pem = File.read("/path/to/my.pem")
  http = Net::HTTP.new(uri.host, uri.port)
  http.use_ssl = true
  http.cert = OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new(pem)
  http.key = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(pem)
  http.verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER

  request = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri.request_uri)
end


####################### REST methods ####################### 
# Basic REST.
# Most REST APIs will set semantic values in response.body and response.code.

def rest_request
  http = Net::HTTP.new("api.restsite.com")

  request = Net::HTTP::Post.new("/users")
  request.set_form_data({"users[login]" => "quentin"})
  response = http.request(request)
  # Use nokogiri, hpricot, etc to parse response.body.

  request = Net::HTTP::Get.new("/users/1")
  response = http.request(request)
  # As with POST, the data is in response.body.

  request = Net::HTTP::Put.new("/users/1")
  request.set_form_data({"users[login]" => "changed"})
  response = http.request(request)

  request = Net::HTTP::Delete.new("/users/1")
  response = http.request(request)
end