kernel.json

{
  "argv": [
    "python",
	"c:/Users/mattn/AppData/Roaming/jupyter/kernels/vimkernel/vimkernel.py",
    "-f",
    "{connection_file}"
  ],
  "display_name": "Vim"
}

vimkernel.py

from ipykernel.kernelbase import Kernel
from subprocess import Popen, STDOUT, PIPE


class Vim(Kernel):
    implementation = 'Vim'
    implementation_version = '0.1'
    language = 'no-op'
    language_version = '0.1'
    language_info = {'name': 'Vim', 'mimetype': 'text/plain'}
    banner = 'Vim script'
    _d = {}
    def do_execute(self, code, silent, store_history=True,
             user_expressions=None, allow_stdin=False):

        with open('prog.vim', 'w') as f:
            f.write("\n".join(code.splitlines()))

        p = Popen(['vim', '-X', '-N', '-u', 'NONE', '-i', 'NONE', '-V1', '-e', '-s', '-S', 'prog.vim', '+qall!'], stdout=PIPE, stderr=STDOUT, shell=True)
        p.wait()
        exitcode = p.returncode
        output = p.communicate()[0].decode()
        self.send_response(self.iopub_socket, 'stream', {'name': 'stdout', 'text': output})
        return {'status': 'ok',
                'execution_count': self.execution_count,
                'payload': [],
                'user_expressions': {},
               }

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from ipykernel.kernelapp import IPKernelApp
    IPKernelApp.launch_instance(kernel_class=Vim)